{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T13:52:05Z","timestamp":1791899525910,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN-2021-02506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2021-02506"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Marine Pollution Bulletin"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T04:54:07Z","timestamp":1771044847000},"page":"119421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Chronic oil pollution in small ports: A review of the role and potential of AUVs"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"226","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6218-2096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaoyu","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6444-0756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neil","family":"Bose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jimin","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4485-1902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.3390\/s23031717","article-title":"Low-cost sensors for monitoring coastal climate hazards: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Ahmed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.erss.2021.102009","article-title":"Oil, fisheries and coastal communities: A review of impacts on the environment, livelihoods, space and governance","volume":"75","author":"Andrews","year":"2021","journal-title":"Energy Res. Soc. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1109\/48.922788","article-title":"Real-time path planning and obstacle avoidance for RAIS: an autonomous underwater vehicle","volume":"26","author":"Antonelli","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE J. Ocean. Eng."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2011.06.024","article-title":"Distribution and characteristics of PAHs in sediments from the Mediterranean coastal environment of Egypt","volume":"62","author":"Barakat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Marine Poll. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.128388","article-title":"AUV path planning and obstacle avoidances in marine environment based on enhanced ECUO technique","author":"Barik","year":"2025","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b6","first-page":"41","article-title":"Nanotechnology for oil spill response and cleanup in coastal regions","volume":"12","author":"Bi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.: Nano"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/s40726-019-00129-0","article-title":"A review on the factors affecting the deposition, retention, and biodegradation of oil stranded on beaches and guidelines for designing laboratory experiments","volume":"5","author":"Boufadel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Pollut. Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"V331","DOI":"10.1190\/geo2023-0323.1","article-title":"PINNslope: Seismic data interpolation and local slope estimation with physics informed neural networks","volume":"89","author":"Brandolin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"V331","DOI":"10.1190\/geo2023-0323.1","article-title":"PINNslope: Seismic data interpolation and local slope estimation with physics informed neural networks","volume":"89","author":"Brandolin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Geophysics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b10","first-page":"559","article-title":"A technique for objective analysis and design of oceanographic experiments applied to MODE-73","volume":"vol. 23","author":"Bretherton","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.116058","article-title":"Concentrations and source identification of PAHs, alkyl-PAHs and other organic contaminants in sediments from a contaminated harbor in the Laurentian Great Lakes","volume":"270","author":"Buell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b12","series-title":"Characterizing marine hydrocarbons with in-situ mass spectrometry, OCEANS 2007","author":"Camilli","year":"2007"},{"issue":"6001","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1195223","article-title":"Tracking hydrocarbon plume transport and biodegradation at Deepwater Horizon","volume":"330","author":"Camilli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119292","article-title":"Geochronological variations of PAHs in sediments from a preserved tropical estuary, Northeast Brazil","volume":"225","author":"Carneiro","year":"2026","journal-title":"Marine Poll. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b15","series-title":"Oceans 2009-Europe","first-page":"1","article-title":"A three-layered architecture for real time path planning and obstacle avoidance for surveillance USVs operating in harbour fields","author":"Casalino","year":"2009"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5751\/ES-06406-190226","article-title":"Consequences of oil spills: a review and framework for informing planning","volume":"19","author":"Chang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecol. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2022.113077","article-title":"Risk-based path planning for autonomous underwater vehicles in an oil spill environment","volume":"266","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ocean Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2024.116869","article-title":"Sediment organic matter predicts polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon distribution in port sediments","volume":"207","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Marine Poll. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b19","series-title":"ICC 2021-IEEE International Conference on Communications","first-page":"1","article-title":"Dynamic detecting based trajectory planning for AUV to collect data from underwater sensors","author":"Cheng","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2021.109355","article-title":"Path planning and obstacle avoidance for AUV: A review","volume":"235","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ocean Eng."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3492","DOI":"10.3390\/s19163492","article-title":"Acoustic classification of surface and underwater vessels in the ocean using supervised machine learning","volume":"19","author":"Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2024.116063","article-title":"PAH residues and toxicity levels two years after an extensive oil spill on the northeast Brazilian coast","volume":"200","author":"Choueri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Marine Poll. Bull."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2009.03.009","article-title":"Model-based long-term reconstruction of weather-driven variations in chronic oil pollution along the German North Sea coast","volume":"58","author":"Chrastansky","year":"2009","journal-title":"Marine Poll. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2016.00209","article-title":"A review of the emerging field of underwater mass spectrometry","volume":"3","author":"Chua","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b25","article-title":"Advances in underwater oil plume detection capabilities","volume":"vol. 2021","author":"Conmy","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b26","series-title":"Statistics for Spatial Data","author":"Cressie","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2019.00110","article-title":"A glider-compatible optical sensor for the detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the marine environment","volume":"6","author":"Cyr","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b28","series-title":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","first-page":"5571","article-title":"Hierarchical probabilistic regression for AUV-based adaptive sampling of marine phenomena","author":"Das","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2018.10.043","article-title":"Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in small craft harbour (SCH) sediments in Nova Scotia, Canada","volume":"137","author":"Davis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Marine Poll. Bull."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9876.00113","article-title":"Model-based geostatistics","volume":"47","author":"Diggle","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. C. Appl. Stat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b31","article-title":"Directive 2008\/56\/EC of the European parliament and of the Council","volume":"17","author":"Directive, Strategy Framework","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Counc. Decis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2014.03.059","article-title":"Review of oil spill remote sensing","volume":"83","author":"Fingas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Marine Poll. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b33","series-title":"Guidance and control of ocean vehicles","author":"Fossen","year":"1994"},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaav3041","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aav3041","article-title":"Toward adaptive robotic sampling of phytoplankton in the coastal ocean","volume":"4","author":"Fossum","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Robot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b35","series-title":"2012 IEEE\/OES Autonomous Underwater Vehicles","first-page":"1","article-title":"A long term vision for long-range ship-free deep ocean operations: Persistent presence through coordination of autonomous surface vehicles and autonomous underwater vehicles","author":"German","year":"2012"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1007\/s10514-016-9602-0","article-title":"A multirobot platform based on autonomous surface and underwater vehicles with bio-inspired neurocontrollers for long-term oil spills monitoring","volume":"40","author":"Guerrero-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Auton. Robots"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s10098-004-0266-7","article-title":"Environmental management plan for port and harbour projects","volume":"7","author":"Gupta","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clean Technol. Environ. Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b38","volume":"vol. 52","author":"Hengl","year":"2009"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3145","DOI":"10.3390\/app9153145","article-title":"AUV adaptive sampling methods: A review","volume":"9","author":"Hwang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3390\/drones8020045","article-title":"Adaptive AUV mission control system tested in the waters of Baffin Bay","volume":"8","author":"Hwang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drones"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse8080618","article-title":"Acoustic search and detection of oil plumes using an autonomous underwater vehicle","volume":"8","author":"Hwang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mar. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-017-5882-x","article-title":"Environmental effects of crude oil spill on the physicochemical and hydrobiological characteristics of the Nun River, Niger Delta","volume":"189","author":"Ifelebuegu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Monit. Assess."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.3390\/s25061927","article-title":"Feasibility of oil spill detection in port environments based on UV imagery","volume":"25","author":"Iordache","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s13280-010-0085-5","article-title":"The threats from oil spills: now, then, and in the future","volume":"39","author":"Jernel\u00f6v","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/17298806241233909","article-title":"A planning method for chemical plume tracking and source localization with autonomous underwater vehicle","volume":"21","author":"Jiu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Robot. Syst."},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76351","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-27526-9","article-title":"Trace metal and TBT pollution in the gulf and oman: spatial variation and hot spots","volume":"30","author":"Jupp","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.04.084","article-title":"Risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a Mediterranean semi-enclosed basin affected by human activities (Abu Qir Bay, Egypt)","volume":"170","author":"Khairy","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b48","first-page":"1","article-title":"A survey of underwater vehicle navigation: Recent advances and new challenges","volume":"vol. 88","author":"Kinsey","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b49","article-title":"Efficient path planning of AUVs for container ship oil spill detection in coastal areas","volume":"217","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ocean Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b50","series-title":"Behaviour and environmental impacts of crude oil released into aqueous environments","author":"Lee","year":"2015"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.3390\/rs17040707","article-title":"CNN\u2013Transformer hybrid architecture for underwater sonar image segmentation","volume":"17","author":"Lei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Remote. Sens."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2016.06.020","article-title":"Offshore oil spill response practices and emerging challenges","volume":"110","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Marine Poll. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmarsys.2023.103879","article-title":"Impacts of suspended sediment on oil spill in macro-tidal turbid waters: An example in Zhoushan Archipelago","volume":"240","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mar. Syst."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse12071170","article-title":"An underwater multisensor fusion simultaneous localization and mapping system based on image enhancement","volume":"12","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mar. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2003.10.008","article-title":"A spatial interpolation method based on radial basis function networks incorporating a semivariogram model","volume":"288","author":"Lin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7494","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2022.3162850","article-title":"Smart underwater pollution detection based on graph-based multi-agent reinforcement learning towards AUV-based network ITS","volume":"24","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7494","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2022.3162850","article-title":"Smart underwater pollution detection based on graph-based multi-agent reinforcement learning towards AUV-based network ITS","volume":"24","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b58","article-title":"A review of AUV-based bathymetric SLAM technology","volume":"342","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ocean Eng."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1080\/20464177.2022.2031558","article-title":"Filtering based multi-sensor data fusion algorithm for a reliable unmanned surface vehicle navigation","volume":"22","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mar. Eng. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b60","series-title":"Monitoring and Modeling the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: a Record Breaking Enterprise","author":"Liu","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2023.115450","article-title":"Modeling chronic oil pollution from ships","volume":"195","author":"Liubartseva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Marine Poll. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b62","first-page":"3","article-title":"A review of multisensor data fusion techniques and their application autonomous underwater vehicle navigation","volume":"1","author":"Loebis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Part A: J. Mar. Eng. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b63","series-title":"2018 21st International Conference on Information Fusion","first-page":"62","article-title":"A Gaussian process regression approach for fusion of remote sensing images for oil spill segmentation","author":"Longman","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.probengmech.2022.103264","article-title":"Probabilistic reconstruction for spatiotemporal sensor data integrated with Gaussian process regression","volume":"69","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Probabilistic Eng. Mech."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.2486","article-title":"Chronic toxicity of heavy fuel oils to fish embryos using multiple exposure scenarios","volume":"33","author":"Martin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.3390\/s21041549","article-title":"Sensor modeling for underwater localization using a particle filter","volume":"21","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Barber\u00e1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b67","article-title":"Spatial distribution, environmental risk and sources of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediments-northwest of Persian Gulf","volume":"193","author":"Mehr","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cont. Shelf Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1007\/s10712-020-09594-5","article-title":"Earth observations for monitoring marine coastal hazards and their drivers","volume":"41","author":"Melet","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surv. Geophys."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7490","DOI":"10.3390\/s24237490","article-title":"Advancements in sensor fusion for underwater SLAM: A review on enhanced navigation and environmental perception","volume":"24","author":"Merveille","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijggc.2021.103477","article-title":"Detecting and mapping a CO2 plume with novel autonomous pH sensors on an underwater vehicle","volume":"112","author":"Monk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b71","first-page":"219","article-title":"Innovations in monitoring with water-quality sensors with case studies on floods, hurricanes, and harmful algal blooms","volume":"vol. 11","author":"Myers","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2024.120679","article-title":"Towards chemical source tracking and characterization using physics-informed neural networks","volume":"334","author":"Naderi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-024-07004-9","article-title":"Fishing harbours as a source of PAHs pollution: A case study from Veraval harbour, west coast of India","volume":"235","author":"Nair","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.200700630","article-title":"The advantages of ESI-MS detection in conjunction with HILIC mode separations: Fundamentals and applications","volume":"31","author":"Nguyen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Sep. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b75","series-title":"An underwater, fault-tolerant, laser-aided robotic multi-modal dense SLAM system for continuous underwater in-situ observation 2025. arxiv 2025","author":"Ou","year":"2025"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse11040870","article-title":"Underwater acoustic technology-based monitoring of oil spill: A review","volume":"11","author":"Pan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mar. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2021.778136","article-title":"Oil spill detection using fluorometric sensors: Laboratory validation and implementation to a ferrybox and a moored smartbuoy","volume":"8","author":"P\u00e4rt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1177\/02783649221110259","article-title":"SVIn2: A multi-sensor fusion-based underwater SLAM system","volume":"41","author":"Rahman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Robot. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1109\/MIM.2020.9062680","article-title":"Autonomous underwater vehicles: Instrumentation and measurements","volume":"23","author":"S\u00e1nchez","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Instrum. Meas. Mag."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.5670\/oceanog.2017.427","article-title":"The quest to develop ecogenomic sensors: a 25-year history of the Environmental Sample Processor (ESP) as a case study","volume":"30","author":"Scholin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oceanography"},{"issue":"02","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1142\/S0129065704001899","article-title":"Gaussian processes for machine learning","volume":"14","author":"Seeger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Neural Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2023.114603","article-title":"Analysis of the multi-media environmental behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) within Haizhou Bay using a fugacity model","volume":"187","author":"Shi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Marine Poll. Bull."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1016\/S1044-0305(01)00246-X","article-title":"Underwater mass spectrometers for in situ chemical analysis of the hydrosphere","volume":"12","author":"Short","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-0233\/10\/12\/311","article-title":"Development of an underwater mass-spectrometry system for in situ chemical analysis","volume":"10","author":"Short","year":"1999","journal-title":"Meas. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b85","series-title":"2024 IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","first-page":"1169","article-title":"Opti-acoustic semantic slam with unknown objects in underwater environments","author":"Singh","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2013.03.052","article-title":"Development of a field-portable fluorometer based on deep ultraviolet LEDs for the detection of phenanthrene-and tryptophan-like compounds in natural waters","volume":"182","author":"Tedetti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sensors Actuators B: Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2023.115027","article-title":"Adaptive fuzzy 3-D trajectory tracking control for autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) using modified integral barrier lyapunov function","volume":"283","author":"Thanh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ocean Eng."},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2016.04.011","article-title":"Impacts of oil spills on seabirds: Unsustainable impacts of non-renewable energy","volume":"41","author":"Troisi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrog. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.134937","article-title":"PAHs contamination in ports: Status, sources and risks","volume":"475","author":"Tulcan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2021.112913","article-title":"Petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in sediments from the Gulf and Omani waters: Status and review","volume":"173","author":"Uddin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Marine Poll. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b91","series-title":"2015 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium","first-page":"1","article-title":"AUV based mobile fluorometers: System for underwater oil-spill detection and quantification","author":"Vasilijevic","year":"2015"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse11020366","article-title":"Autonomous underwater vehicle based chemical plume tracing via deep reinforcement learning methods","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mar. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse11020366","article-title":"Autonomous underwater vehicle based chemical plume tracing via deep reinforcement learning methods","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mar. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.5670\/oceanog.2021.121","article-title":"GoMRI insights into microbial genomics and hydrocarbon bioremediation response in marine ecosystems","volume":"34","author":"Weiman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oceanography"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1109\/48.972114","article-title":"Performance metrics for oceanographic surveys with autonomous underwater vehicles","volume":"26","author":"Willcox","year":"2001","journal-title":"IEEE J. Ocean. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.2989\/AJMS.2009.31.1.3.774","article-title":"Review of the rescue, rehabilitation and restoration of oiled seabirds in South Africa, especially African penguins Spheniscus demersus and Cape gannets Morus capensis, 1983\u20132005","volume":"31","author":"Wolfaardt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Afr. J. Mar. Sci."},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-597X(98)00055-4","article-title":"Environmental management of ports and harbours\u2014implementation of policy through scientific monitoring","volume":"23","author":"Wooldridge","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mar. Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.margeo.2014.03.012","article-title":"Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs): Their past, present and future contributions to the advancement of marine geoscience","volume":"352","author":"Wynn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mar. Geol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2025.122458","article-title":"Multi-sensor multi-dimensional data fusion method for submarine cable anchor damage event identification","volume":"341","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ocean Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2025.3554396","article-title":"AQUA-SLAM: Tightly-coupled underwater acoustic-visual-inertial SLAM with sensor calibration","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Robot."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1109\/48.775301","article-title":"Testing and evaluation of an integrated GPS\/INS system for small AUV navigation","volume":"24","author":"Yun","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE J. Ocean. Eng."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/S0146-6380(02)00002-5","article-title":"PAHs in the Fraser River basin: a critical appraisal of PAH ratios as indicators of PAH source and composition","volume":"33","author":"Yunker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Org. Geochem."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1109\/JOE.2010.2081031","article-title":"Design and tests of an adaptive triggering method for capturing peak samples in a thin phytoplankton layer by an autonomous underwater vehicle","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE J. Ocean. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2024.116072","article-title":"Distribution, sources, partition behavior and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the waters and sediments of Lake Ulansuhai, China","volume":"200","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Marine Poll. Bull."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23462","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-024-32807-y","article-title":"The application of laser-induced fluorescence in oil spill detection","volume":"31","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421_b106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2016.02.057","article-title":"A-DROP: A predictive model for the formation of oil particle aggregates (OPAs)","volume":"106","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Marine Poll. Bull."}],"container-title":["Marine Pollution Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0025326X26002080?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0025326X26002080?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T13:20:31Z","timestamp":1791897631000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0025326X26002080"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":106,"alternative-id":["S0025326X26002080"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-326X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-326X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Chronic oil pollution in small ports: A review of the role and potential of AUVs","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2026.119421","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"119421"}}