{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T01:22:33Z","timestamp":1782177753498,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","maturitas.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Maturitas"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,6]],"date-time":"2007-12-06T11:36:56Z","timestamp":1196941016000},"page":"2-6","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Ultra low-dose hormone replacement therapy and bone protection in postmenopausal women"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Marco","family":"Gambacciani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Cappagli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Ciaponi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Pepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Vacca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea Riccardo","family":"Genazzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113523","article-title":"Age and bond mass as predictors of fracture in a prospective study","volume":"81","author":"Hui","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02553757","article-title":"Predicting fractures in women by using forearm bone densitometry","volume":"44","author":"Gardsell","year":"1989","journal-title":"Calcif tissue Int"},{"issue":"3 Mar","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5122(94)90125-2","article-title":"Bone loss in perimenopausal women: a longitudinal study","volume":"18","author":"Gambacciani","year":"1994","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"3 Mar","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib4","first-page":"392","article-title":"Longitudinal evaluation of perimenopausal vertebral bone loss: effects of a low-dose oral contraceptive preparation on bone mineral density and metabolism","volume":"83","author":"Gambacciani","year":"1994","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5 Nov","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib5","first-page":"1148","article-title":"The relative contributions of menopause and aging to postmenopausal vertebral osteopenia","volume":"77","author":"Gambacciani","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.1980.tb00033.x","article-title":"Prevention of early postmenopausal bone loss. Controlled 2-year study in 315 normal females","volume":"10","author":"Christiansen","year":"1980","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)91671-0","article-title":"Uncoupling of bone formation and resorption by combined oestrogen and progestogen therapy in postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"1","author":"Christiansen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(82)90176-4","article-title":"Dose\u2013response evaluation of cyclic estrogen\/gestagen in postmenopausal women. Placebo-controlled trial of its gynecologic and metabolic actions","volume":"144","author":"Christensen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198312083092301","article-title":"The effect of estrogen dose on postmenopausal bone loss","volume":"309","author":"Horsman","year":"1983","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03540170033029","article-title":"Effects of hormone replacement therapy on bone mineral density: results from the postmenopausal estrogen\/progestin interventions (PEPI) trial","volume":"276","author":"The Writing Group for the PEPI Trial","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib11","first-page":"759","article-title":"The minimum effective dose of estrogen for prevention of postmenopausal bone loss","volume":"63","author":"Lindsay","year":"1984","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib12","first-page":"3829","article-title":"Therapeutic controversy:estrogen replacement in menopause","volume":"81","author":"Lindsay","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-122-1-199501010-00002","article-title":"Estrogen replacement and fractures in older women: Study of Osteoporosis Fractures Research Group","volume":"122","author":"Cauley","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Inter Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198711053171901","article-title":"Hip fracture and the use of estrogen in postmenopausal women: the Framingham Study","volume":"317","author":"Kiel","year":"1987","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.17.2096","article-title":"A meta-analysis of hormone replacement for fracture prevention","volume":"286","author":"Altman","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2891","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.22.2891","article-title":"Hormone replacement therapy and prevention of non-vertebral fractures. A meta-analysis of randomized trials","volume":"285","author":"Torgerson","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-2-7","article-title":"Hormone replacement therapy and prevention of vertebral fractures. A meta-analysis of randomized trials","volume":"2","author":"Torgerson","year":"2001","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskeletal Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.3.321","article-title":"Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial","volume":"288","author":"Rossouw","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.13.1729","article-title":"Effects of estrogen plus progestin on risk of fracture and bone mineral density. The Women's Health Initiative randomized trial","volume":"290","author":"Cauley","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2609","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1997.00440430091011","article-title":"Low-dose esterified estrogen therapy: effects on bone, plasma, estradiol concentration, endometrium, and lipid levels","volume":"157","author":"Genant","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-11-199906010-00005","article-title":"The effect of low-dose continuous estrogen and progesterone therapy with calcium and vitamin D on bone in elderly women: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"130","author":"Recker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.117669","article-title":"Effects of low-dose continuous combined conjugated estrogens and medroxyprogesterone acetate on menopausal symptoms, body weight, bone density, and metabolism in postmenopausal women","volume":"185","author":"Gambacciani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib23","first-page":"179","article-title":"Low dose estrogen and calcium have an addictive effect on bone resorption in older women","volume":"84","author":"Prestwood","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980170113","article-title":"The prevention of osteoporosis using sequential low-dose hormone replacement therapy with estradiol-17 beta and dydrogesterone","volume":"12","author":"Lees","year":"2001","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(92)91653-R","article-title":"Low dosage micronized 17\u03b2-estradiol prevents bone loss in postmenopausal women","volume":"166","author":"Ettinger","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3 Jul 25","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5122(03)00141-5","article-title":"Postmenopausal femur bone loss: effects of a low dose hormone replacement therapy","volume":"45","author":"Gambacciani","year":"2003","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1097\/00042192-199906030-00015","article-title":"Personal perspective on low-dosage estrogen therapy for postmenopausal women","volume":"6","author":"Ettinger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"2 Jun","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1080\/cmt.5.2.135.139","article-title":"Low-dose hormone replacement therapy: effects on bone","volume":"5","author":"Gambacciani","year":"2002","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2668","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.20.2668","article-title":"Effect of lower doses of conjugated equine estrogens with and without medroxyprogesterone acetate on bone in early postmenopausal women","volume":"287","author":"Lindsay","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00004180","article-title":"A combination of low dose of 17\u03b2-estradiol and norethisterone acetate prevents bone loss and normalizes bone turnover in postmenopausal women","volume":"11","author":"Delmas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5122(02)00327-4","article-title":"Effects of low-dose, continuous combined estradiol and noretisterone acetate on menopausal quality of life in early postmenopausal women","volume":"44","author":"Gambacciani","year":"2003","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-65-3-465","article-title":"Pulsatile luteinizing hormone release in postmenopausal women: effect of chronic bromocriptine administration","volume":"65","author":"Gambacciani","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1097\/01.gme.0000184425.73567.12","article-title":"Oral hormone therapy with 17beta-estradiol and 17beta-estradiol in combination with norethindrone acetate in the prevention of bone loss in early postmenopausal women: dose-dependent effects","volume":"12","author":"Greenwald","year":"2005","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2003.12.021","article-title":"Two to three years of hormone replacement treatment in healthy women have long-term preventive effects on bone mass and osteoporotic fractures: the PERF study","volume":"34","author":"Bagger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-133-12-200012190-00008","article-title":"A prospective, observational study of postmenopausal hormone therapy and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease","volume":"133","author":"Grodstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"}],"container-title":["Maturitas"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378512207003155?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378512207003155?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T08:44:41Z","timestamp":1759913081000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378512207003155"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0378512207003155"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-5122"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-5122","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ultra low-dose hormone replacement therapy and bone protection in postmenopausal women","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Maturitas","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.10.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}