{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,8]],"date-time":"2026-11-08T03:21:25Z","timestamp":1794108085884,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003625","name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HI19C1178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI19C1178"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2018R1A2A3075397"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2018R1A2A3075397"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2022R1A2B5B01002471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2022R1A2B5B01002471"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000884","name":"Cancer Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0431-20190010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0431-20190010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000884","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","maturitas.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Maturitas"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,27]],"date-time":"2022-08-27T19:18:59Z","timestamp":1661627939000},"page":"35-40","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Association of menopausal hormone therapy with gastric and colorectal cancer risks in Korean women: A nationwide population-based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"166","author":[{"given":"Chaewon","family":"Baek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Eun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aesun","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Yeob","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0005","first-page":"26","article-title":"Epidemiology of gastric cancer: global trends, risk factors and prevention","volume":"14","author":"Rawla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prz Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0010","first-page":"89","article-title":"Epidemiology of colorectal cancer: incidence, mortality, survival, and risk factors","volume":"14","author":"Rawla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prz Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.4143\/crt.2020.206","article-title":"R. Community of population-based regional cancer, cancer statistics in Korea: incidence, mortality, survival, and prevalence in 2017","volume":"52","author":"Hong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Res. Treat."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5842","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-0325","article-title":"Molecular pathways: estrogen pathway in colorectal cancer","volume":"19","author":"Barzi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s101200200037","article-title":"Delayed rise in incidence of gastric cancer in females results in unique sex ratio (M\/F) pattern: etiologic hypothesis","volume":"5","author":"Sipponen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-11-0834","article-title":"Sex hormones, hormonal interventions, and gastric cancer risk: a meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Camargo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.26026","article-title":"The effect of estrogen vs. combined estrogen-progestogen therapy on the risk of colorectal cancer","volume":"130","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)00063-7","article-title":"Postmenopausal hormone therapy and the risk of colorectal cancer: a review and meta-analysis","volume":"106","author":"Grodstein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0045","first-page":"653","article-title":"A meta-analysis of hormone replacement therapy and colon cancer in women","volume":"7","author":"Hebert-Croteau","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2387","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.26236","article-title":"Menopausal hormone therapy and risk of gastrointestinal cancer: nested case-control study within a prospective cohort, and meta-analysis","volume":"130","author":"Green","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30588","article-title":"Menopausal hormone therapy and the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer","volume":"140","author":"Brusselaers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2017.07.012","article-title":"Menopausal hormone therapy and cancer risk: an overestimated risk?","volume":"84","author":"Simin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2021.02.003","article-title":"Evaluation of menopausal hormone therapy use in Korea (2002\u20132013): a nationwide cohort study","volume":"146","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.6118\/jksm.2011.17.3.150","article-title":"The national use of hormonal therapy in postmenopausal women in 2010","volume":"17","author":"Cho","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Korean Soc. Menopause"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2837","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30024","article-title":"Reproductive factors, hormone use and gastric cancer risk: the Singapore Chinese Health Study","volume":"138","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.129411","article-title":"Menstrual and reproductive factors and gastric cancer risk in a large prospective study of women","volume":"56","author":"Freedman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1097\/CEJ.0b013e3282f521e4","article-title":"Female reproductive factors and the risk of gastric cancer in a large-scale population-based cohort study in Japan (JPHC study)","volume":"17","author":"Persson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2018.10.016","article-title":"Reproductive factors, obesity and risk of colorectal cancer in a cohort of Asian women","volume":"58","author":"Wong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-021-02021-y","article-title":"The effect of menopausal hormone therapy on gastrointestinal cancer risk and mortality in South Korea: a population-based cohort study","volume":"21","author":"Nam","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0100","article-title":"Cohort profile: the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC), South Korea","volume":"46","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.5124\/jkma.2019.62.3.145","article-title":"Updated treatment guideline for hormone therapy in postmenopausal women","volume":"62","author":"Kwon","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Korean Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.03.018","article-title":"Association between sedative-hypnotic medication use and incidence of cancer in Korean Nation Health Insurance Service data","volume":"60","author":"Jung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1357","article-title":"Immortal time bias in observational studies of drug effects","volume":"16","author":"Suissa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2012.04.008","article-title":"Time-dependent study entries and exposures in cohort studies can easily be sources of different and avoidable types of bias","volume":"65","author":"Wolkewitz","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5083","article-title":"Time-related biases in pharmacoepidemiology","volume":"29","author":"Suissa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq321","article-title":"Menstrual and reproductive factors, exogenous hormone use, and gastric cancer risk in a cohort of women from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition","volume":"172","author":"Duell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2006.03.001","article-title":"Menstrual and reproductive risk factors and risk for gastric adenocarcinoma in women: findings from the Canadian national enhanced cancer surveillance system","volume":"16","author":"Frise","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0800743","article-title":"The effects of tibolone in older postmenopausal women","volume":"359","author":"Cummings","year":"2008","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000001848","article-title":"Effects of menopausal hormone therapy on cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes in middle-aged postmenopausal women: analysis of the Korea National Health Insurance Service Database","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1203","article-title":"Trefoil factors: initiators of mucosal healing","volume":"4","author":"Taupin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-2946","article-title":"Insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I, endogenous estradiol, and risk of colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women","volume":"68","author":"Gunter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3334","article-title":"The incident user design in comparative effectiveness research","volume":"22","author":"Johnson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf."}],"container-title":["Maturitas"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378512222001773?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378512222001773?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T09:20:30Z","timestamp":1759915230000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378512222001773"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["S0378512222001773"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-5122"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-5122","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Association of menopausal hormone therapy with gastric and colorectal cancer risks in Korean women: A nationwide population-based cohort study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Maturitas","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.08.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}