{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T13:31:20Z","timestamp":1778506280585,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","maturitas.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Maturitas"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T09:30:54Z","timestamp":1694943054000},"page":"107848","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Association of circulating vitamin D and omega 3 fatty acid with all-cause mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A large population-based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"178","author":[{"given":"Siyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiqi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhijian","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueqing","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhangling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-020-04731-0","article-title":"The global prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis based on a systematic review","volume":"41","author":"Almutairi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Int."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1004965","article-title":"The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"365","author":"McInnes","year":"2011","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-018-0016-9","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis: pathological mechanisms and modern pharmacologic therapies","volume":"6","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone Res."},{"issue":"10055","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30173-8","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"388","author":"Smolen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0025","first-page":"827","article-title":"Vitamin D level in rheumatoid arthritis and its correlation with the disease activity: a meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2010.07.009","article-title":"Does vitamin D affect risk of developing autoimmune disease?: a systematic review","volume":"40","author":"Kriegel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin. Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596007","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.596007","article-title":"The effect of vitamin D supplementation on rheumatoid arthritis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Guan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Med. (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R216","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3195","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in rheumatoid arthritis: prevalence, determinants and associations with disease activity and disability","volume":"12","author":"Rossini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1038\/bonekey.2013.213","article-title":"History of the discovery of vitamin D and its active metabolites","volume":"3","author":"Deluca","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bonekey Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"g1903","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g1903","article-title":"Vitamin D and risk of cause specific death: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational cohort and randomised intervention studies","volume":"348","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-1485","article-title":"Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with diabetes","volume":"44","author":"Wan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2013.71","article-title":"The role of vitamin D supplementation in patients with rheumatic diseases","volume":"9","author":"Abrahamsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac341","article-title":"L-shaped association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and all-cause mortality of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"62","author":"Cai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2012.04374.x","article-title":"Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory processes: nutrition or pharmacology?","volume":"75","author":"Calder","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2013.10.010","article-title":"Pharmacology and therapeutics of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in chronic inflammatory disease","volume":"141","author":"Yates","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22370-2","article-title":"Blood n-3 fatty acid levels and total and cause-specific mortality from 17 prospective studies","volume":"12","author":"Harris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S171","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114512001560","article-title":"Influence of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on immune function and a systematic review of their effects on clinical outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"107","author":"Miles","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103506","article-title":"Dietary interventions with or without omega-3 supplementation for the management of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Raad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2007.12.001","article-title":"Vitamin D status: measurement, interpretation, and clinical application","volume":"19","author":"Holick","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0100","first-page":"1","article-title":"Estimation and predictors of the omega-3 index in the UK biobank","author":"Schuchardt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k1036","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k1036","article-title":"Increased cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis: mechanisms and implications","volume":"361","author":"England","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.31138\/mjr.33.1.7","article-title":"The immunomodulatory properties of vitamin D","volume":"33","author":"Athanassiou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mediterr. J. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-012-8342-y","article-title":"Vitamin D in systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases","volume":"45","author":"Agmon-Levin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/84.3.616","article-title":"Low serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in older persons and the risk of nursing home admission","volume":"84","author":"Visser","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2010.29749","article-title":"Plasma vitamin D and mortality in older men: a community-based prospective cohort study","volume":"92","author":"Micha\u00eblsson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3001","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1333","article-title":"Is there a reverse J-shaped association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and all-cause mortality? Results from the U.S. nationally representative NHANES","volume":"98","author":"Sempos","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23548","article-title":"Causes of death in rheumatoid arthritis: how do they compare to the general population?","volume":"70","author":"Widdifield","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2015.06.001","article-title":"Vitamin D signaling in calcium and bone homeostasis: a delicate balance","volume":"29","author":"Carmeliet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2012.03.012","article-title":"Vitamin D and the immune system: new perspectives on an old theme","volume":"38","author":"Hewison","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheum. Dis. Clin. N. Am."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2014.2318","article-title":"Review: higher vitamin D status and supplementation may be associated with risks","volume":"24","author":"Korgavkar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0155","first-page":"11","article-title":"D-hormone and the immune system","volume":"76","author":"Cantorna","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02241","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of \u03c9-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in human autoimmune diseases","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-019-04456-x","article-title":"Efficacy of \u03c9-3 supplementation in patients with psoriasis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"38","author":"Clark","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2010.11.003","article-title":"Fish oil in rheumatic diseases","volume":"37","author":"Bhangle","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheum. Dis. Clin. N. Am."}],"container-title":["Maturitas"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378512223004541?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378512223004541?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T09:22:45Z","timestamp":1759915365000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378512223004541"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["S0378512223004541"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-5122"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-5122","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Association of circulating vitamin D and omega 3 fatty acid with all-cause mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A large population-based cohort study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Maturitas","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.maturitas.2023.107848","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107848"}}