{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T08:49:32Z","timestamp":1780649372633,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]],"date-time":"2013-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mayo Clinic Proceedings"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,30]],"date-time":"2013-10-30T04:38:27Z","timestamp":1383107907000},"page":"1196-1203","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Effect of \u03b2-Blockers and Other Antihypertensive Drugs On the Risk of Melanoma Recurrence and Death"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"De Giorgi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Gandini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Grazzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Benemei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niccol\u00f2","family":"Marchionni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierangelo","family":"Geppetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70260-6","article-title":"Antihypertensive drugs and risk of cancer: network meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses of 324,168 participants from randomised trials","volume":"12","author":"Bangalore","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"9281","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05704-X","article-title":"Relation between drug treatment and cancer in hypertensives in the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension 2: a 5-year, prospective, randomised, controlled trial","volume":"358","author":"Lindholm","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1656","article-title":"Long-term use of antihypertensive drugs and risk of cancer","volume":"17","author":"Assimes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2121","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328333146d","article-title":"Reappraisal of European guidelines on hypertension management: a European Society of Hypertension Task Force document","volume":"27","author":"Mancia","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hypertens"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib5","first-page":"CD002003","article-title":"Beta-blockers for hypertension","author":"Wiysonge","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib6","first-page":"CD007185","article-title":"Blood pressure lowering efficacy of beta-blockers as second-line therapy for primary hypertension","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b1665","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b1665","article-title":"Use of blood pressure lowering drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of 147 randomised trials in the context of expectations from prospective epidemiological studies","volume":"338","author":"Law","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.4065\/84.8.718","article-title":"Beta-blocker use for the stages of heart failure","volume":"84","author":"Klapholz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.2165\/0023210-200822120-00006","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy of essential tremor: an overview of existing and upcoming agents","volume":"22","author":"Lyons","year":"2008","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2007.01046.x","article-title":"Beta-blockers for migraine","volume":"48","author":"Evans","year":"2008","journal-title":"Headache"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1271312","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of common forms of tremor","volume":"31","author":"Puschmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2165\/00002512-200522010-00001","article-title":"Management of glaucoma: focus on pharmacological therapy","volume":"22","author":"Marquis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1023\/B:CACO.0000036152.58271.5e","article-title":"Antihypertensive drug use and the risk of prostate cancer (Canada)","volume":"15","author":"Perron","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.197","article-title":"Beta-blocker drug therapy reduces secondary cancer formation in breast cancer and improves cancer specific survival","volume":"1","author":"Powe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(03)00320-4","article-title":"Rising trends in the incidence of and mortality from cutaneous melanoma in the Netherlands: a Northwest to Southeast gradient?","volume":"39","author":"de Vries","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2008.423","article-title":"Increasing burden of melanoma in the United States","volume":"129","author":"Linos","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20074","article-title":"The evolution of melanoma diagnosis: 25 years beyond the ABCDs","volume":"60","author":"Rigel","year":"2010","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib18","unstructured":"Altekruse S, Kosary C, Krapcho M, et\u00a0al. SEER cancer statistics review, 1975-2007 based on November 2009 SEER data submission. SEER website. http:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/csr\/1975_2007\/. Accessed October 9, 2013."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyq107","article-title":"Comparison of time trends in melanoma of skin cancer mortality (1990-2006) between countries based on the WHO mortality database","volume":"40","author":"Marugame","year":"2010","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1003466","article-title":"Improved survival with ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma","volume":"363","author":"Hodi","year":"2010","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra052166","volume":"355","author":"Miller","year":"2006","journal-title":"Melanoma. N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.328","article-title":"Melanoma thickness trends in the United States, 1988-2006","volume":"130","author":"Criscione","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.10.005","article-title":"Norepinephrine upregulates VEGF, IL-8, and IL-6 expression in human melanoma tumor cell lines: implications for stress-related enhancement of tumor progression","volume":"23","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.131","article-title":"Treatment With \u03b2-blockers and reduced disease progression in patients with thick melanoma","volume":"171","author":"De Giorgi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"9754","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61543-7","article-title":"Long-term effect of aspirin on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality: 20-year follow-up of five randomised trials","volume":"376","author":"Rothwell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9759","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62110-1","article-title":"Effect of daily aspirin on long-term risk of death due to cancer: analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials","volume":"377","author":"Rothwell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2010.07.006","article-title":"Revised UK guidelines for the management of cutaneous melanoma 2010","volume":"63","author":"Marsden","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"suppl 5","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"v194","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdq188","article-title":"ESMO Guidelines Working Group. Melanoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"21","author":"Dummer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.10.032","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of melanoma: European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline","volume":"46","author":"Garbe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"36","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6199","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.23.4799","article-title":"Final version of 2009 AJCC melanoma staging and classification","volume":"27","author":"Balch","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0b013e3181ad207b","article-title":"Evolving mechanisms of action of beta blockers: focus on nebivolol","volume":"54","author":"Mason","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706048","article-title":"The selectivity of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists at the human beta1, beta2 and beta3 adrenoceptors","volume":"144","author":"Baker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1097\/CAD.0b013e32832bd1e3","article-title":"Prevention of pancreatic cancer by the beta-blocker propranolol","volume":"20","author":"Al-Wadei","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anticancer Drugs"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2002.tb01313.x","article-title":"Psychosocial stress augments tumor development through beta-adrenergic activation in mice","volume":"93","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Jpn J Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2449","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0903301","article-title":"Improving survival rates in two models of spontaneous postoperative metastasis in mice by combined administration of a beta-adrenergic antagonist and a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor","volume":"184","author":"Glasner","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2649","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc0708819","article-title":"Propranolol for severe hemangiomas of infancy","volume":"358","author":"Leaute-Labreze","year":"2008","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Mayo Clinic Proceedings"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0025619613007866?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0025619613007866?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]],"date-time":"2018-10-11T07:51:42Z","timestamp":1539244302000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0025619613007866"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0025619613007866"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.09.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-6196"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-6196","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}}}