{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T17:28:37Z","timestamp":1784827717046,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001501","name":"University Grants Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["211610107883"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["211610107883"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001501","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009589","name":"Jadavpur University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009589","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001409","name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SR\/FST\/MS-II\/2021\/101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SR\/FST\/MS-II\/2021\/101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001409","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mathematical Biosciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T15:40:28Z","timestamp":1768750828000},"page":"109623","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Impulsive stem cell transplantation to modulate psoriasis: Insights of complex cytokine network"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"394","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6258-4253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subhankar","family":"Kushary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8580-3872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tushar","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7454-4367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priti Kumar","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00067.2017","article-title":"Wound healing: a cellular perspective","volume":"99","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.82","article-title":"Psoriasis","volume":"2","author":"Greb","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0003","article-title":"National, regional, and worldwide epidemiology of psoriasis: systematic analysis and modelling study","volume":"369","author":"Parisi","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0004","first-page":"7","article-title":"Current knowledge on psoriasis and autoimmune diseases","author":"Ayala-Font\u00e1nez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psoriasis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.339","article-title":"Global epidemiology of psoriasis: a systematic review of incidence and prevalence","volume":"133","author":"Parisi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Top. J., Invest. Dermatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2012.15","article-title":"New insights of T cells in the pathogenesis of psoriasis","volume":"9","author":"Cai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0007","series-title":"International Conference on Mathematical Analysis and Application in Modeling","first-page":"87","article-title":"Introducing MSC therapy to inhibit T h 1 and T h 17 mediated cytokines: a mathematical study to regulate psoriasis","author":"Kushary","year":"2023"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20150025","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stem cells-current trends and future prospective","volume":"35","author":"Ullah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biosci. Rep."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2001","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2656","article-title":"Brief report: interleukin-17A-dependent asymmetric stem cell divisions are increased in human psoriasis: a mechanism underlying benign hyperproliferation","volume":"35","author":"Charruyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032713-120225","article-title":"Immunology of psoriasis","volume":"32","author":"Lowes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a022236","article-title":"Regulation of the immune response by TGF-\u03b2: from conception to autoimmunity and infection","volume":"9","author":"Sanjabi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.20517","article-title":"The promise and challenges of cell therapy for psoriasis","volume":"185","author":"Lwin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1974.tb06446.x","article-title":"The cell cycle in psoriasis","volume":"90","author":"GOODWIN","year":"1974","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2014.12.014","article-title":"Cytokines in psoriasis","volume":"73","author":"Baliwag","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12283594","article-title":"Cell kinetic basis for pathophysiology of psoriasis","volume":"85","author":"Weinstein","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0016","first-page":"281","article-title":"Cutaneous side effects of TNF-alpha inhibitors","volume":"15","author":"Lindhaus","year":"2017","journal-title":"JDDG"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0017","first-page":"1","article-title":"Stem cell-based therapy for human diseases","volume":"7","author":"Hoang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-01059-y","article-title":"Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for psoriasis: a phase 1\/2a, single-arm study","volume":"7","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2020.06.009","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell immunomodulation: mechanisms and therapeutic potential","volume":"41","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/jtbi.2001.2400","article-title":"Mathematical modelling of nitric oxide regulation of rete peg formation in psoriasis","volume":"214","author":"Savill","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Theor. Biol."},{"issue":"103","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2014.1071","article-title":"Modelling epidermis homoeostasis and psoriasis pathogenesis","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Interface"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2019.04.007","article-title":"A vivid cytokines interaction model on psoriasis with the effect of impulse biologic (TNF- \u03b1 inhibitor) therapy","volume":"474","author":"Roy","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Theor. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-71251-3","article-title":"A mathematical insight to control the disease psoriasis using mesenchymal stem cell transplantation with a biologic inhibitor","volume":"14","author":"Kushary","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1051\/mmnp\/20127113","article-title":"Mathematical modelling of cancer stem cells population behavior","volume":"7","author":"Beretta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Math. Model. Nat. Phenom."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80507-7","article-title":"Role of subnetworks mediated by TNF \u03b1, IL-23\/IL-17 and IL-15 in a network involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis","volume":"11","author":"Pandey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0026","first-page":"281","article-title":"Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice","volume":"9","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-016-0289-5","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for treatment towards immune-and inflammation-mediated diseases: review of current clinical trials","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcm.2010.03.057","article-title":"Characterization of stem cells using mathematical models of multistage cell lineages","volume":"53","author":"Stiehl","year":"2011","journal-title":"Math. Comput. Model."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1007\/s11538-014-9971-5","article-title":"Mathematical model of stem cell differentiation and tissue regeneration with stochastic noise","volume":"76","author":"Pa\u017adziorek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bull. Math. Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1137\/1031091","article-title":"The quasi-steady-state assumption: a case study in perturbation","volume":"31","author":"Segel","year":"1989","journal-title":"SIAM Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0031","first-page":"551","article-title":"\u00dcber die lage der integralkurven gew\u00f6hnlicher differentialgleichungen","volume":"24","author":"Nagumo","year":"1942","journal-title":"Proceed. Physico-Math. Soc. Japan. 3rd Series"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bulm.2003.12.004","article-title":"Distinct effects of protease and reverse transcriptase inhibition in an immunological model of HIV-1 infection with impulsive drug effects","volume":"66","author":"Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bull. Math. Biol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5288","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.35.5288","article-title":"Routh-Hurwitz criterion in the examination of eigenvalues of a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations","volume":"35","author":"DeJesus","year":"1987","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"issue":"94","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2014.0144","article-title":"Mathematical modelling of adult hippocampal neurogenesis: effects of altered stem cell dynamics on cell counts and bromodeoxyuridine-labelled cells","volume":"11","author":"Ziebell","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Royal Soc. Interf."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2008.0143","article-title":"Modeling of asymmetric cell division in hematopoietic stem cells\u2013regulation of self-renewal is essential for efficient repopulation","volume":"18","author":"Marciniak-Czochra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1007\/s11538-014-9976-0","article-title":"A multicompartment mathematical model of cancer stem cell-driven tumor growth dynamics","volume":"76","author":"Weekes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bull. Math. Biol."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13403","DOI":"10.1002\/mma.7635","article-title":"A control-based mathematical study on psoriasis dynamics with special emphasis on IL- 21 and IFN- \u03b3 interaction network","volume":"44","author":"Roy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Math. Methods Appl. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1007\/s11538-013-9853-2","article-title":"Mathematical model of the roles of t cells in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"75","author":"Lo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bull. Math. Biol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1010267","article-title":"Individualised computational modelling of immune mediated disease onset, flare and clearance in psoriasis","volume":"18","author":"Shmarov","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.3934\/dcdsb.2013.18.1017","article-title":"A mathematical model for the immunotherapeutic control of the th1\/th2 imbalance in melanoma","volume":"18","author":"Kogan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst.-B"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1080\/00207179.2016.1217566","article-title":"Modelling and finite-time stability analysis of psoriasis pathogenesis","volume":"90","author":"Oza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.117.244855","article-title":"Development and translational application of a minimal physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for a monoclonal antibody against interleukin 23 (IL-23) in IL-23-induced psoriasis-like mice","volume":"365","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s11538-006-9082-z","article-title":"Mathematical modelling of aerosolised skin grafts incorporating keratinocyte clonal subtypes","volume":"69","author":"Denman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bull. Math. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0044","series-title":"Seminars in Immunopathology","first-page":"633","article-title":"Resolution of plaque-type psoriasis: what is left behind (and reinitiates the disease)","volume":"41","author":"Benezeder","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s12080-008-0016-2","article-title":"Floquet theory: a useful tool for understanding nonequilibrium dynamics","volume":"1","author":"Klausmeier","year":"2008","journal-title":"Theor. Ecol."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0046","first-page":"637","article-title":"Study of stability of a discrete two-predators and one prey model","volume":"6","author":"Sen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Contemp. Math. Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.08.012","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 inhibitor-induced psoriasis: systematic review of clinical features, histopathological findings, and management experience","volume":"76","author":"Brown","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2014.10.009","article-title":"An inflammatory triangle in psoriasis: TNF, type i IFNs and IL-17","volume":"26","author":"Grine","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.643125","article-title":"Current advanced therapies based on human mesenchymal stem cells for skin diseases","volume":"9","author":"Sierra-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Dev. Biol."}],"container-title":["Mathematical Biosciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0025556426000131?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0025556426000131?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T08:50:02Z","timestamp":1773996602000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0025556426000131"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S0025556426000131"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-5564"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-5564","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Impulsive stem cell transplantation to modulate psoriasis: Insights of complex cytokine network","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Mathematical Biosciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mbs.2026.109623","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109623"}}