{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T17:07:31Z","timestamp":1790701651366,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543622400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union's Horizon 2020","award":["634880"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["634880"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,19]],"date-time":"2018-06-19T12:40:44Z","timestamp":1529412044000},"page":"148-155","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The human genital tubercle is steroidogenic organ at early pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"477","author":[{"given":"I.","family":"Savchuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.L.","family":"Morvan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.P.","family":"Antignac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Gemzell-Danielsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Le Bizec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"S\u00f6der","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Svechnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/354159a0","article-title":"Deletion of steroid 5 alpha-reductase 2 gene in male pseudohermaphroditism","volume":"354","author":"Andersson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2004.09.004","article-title":"The backdoor pathway to dihydrotestosterone","volume":"15","author":"Auchus","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metabol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2006.11.002","article-title":"Exposure assessment of prepubertal children to steroid endocrine disrupters 1. Analytical strategy for estrogens measurement in plasma at ultra-trace level","volume":"586","author":"Courant","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1140","article-title":"Assessment of circulating sex steroid levels in prepubertal and pubertal boys and girls by a novel ultrasensitive gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method","volume":"95","author":"Courant","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1177\/096368979600500404","article-title":"A mathematical model for the estimation of human embryonic and fetal age","volume":"5","author":"Evtouchenko","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell Transplant."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2011.06.009","article-title":"Why boys will be boys: two pathways of fetal testicular androgen biosynthesis are needed for male sexual differentiation","volume":"89","author":"Fluck","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.23892","article-title":"Backdoor pathway for dihydrotestosterone biosynthesis: implications for normal and abnormal human sex development","volume":"242","author":"Fukami","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev. Dynam."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1159\/000134780","article-title":"Clinical implications of androgen synthesis via 5alpha-reduced precursors","volume":"13","author":"Ghayee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocr. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-7207(02)00368-4","article-title":"Androgens and male physiology the syndrome of 5alpha-reductase-2 deficiency","volume":"198","author":"Imperato-McGinley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s004410100464","article-title":"Expression of the androgen receptor and 5 alpha-reductase type 2 in the developing human fetal penis and urethra","volume":"307","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2004.04.009","article-title":"Steroid 5alpha-reductase 1 promotes 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol synthesis in immature mouse testes by two pathways","volume":"222","author":"Mahendroo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib12","first-page":"209","article-title":"Autoradiographic studies of the localisation of androgen-binding cells in the genital tubercles of fetal rats","volume":"151","author":"Murakami","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4205","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1645","article-title":"Extensive clinical experience - nonclassical 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"91","author":"New","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib14","series-title":"Backdoor Androgen Synthesis in the Human Fetal Testis, 18th European Testis Workshop","volume":"II7","author":"O\u00b4Shaughnessy","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2003-0030","article-title":"Overview of steroidogenic enzymes in the pathway from cholesterol to active steroid hormones","volume":"25","author":"Payne","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-38-1-113","article-title":"Testosterone formation and metabolism during male sexual differentiation in human embryo","volume":"38","author":"Siiteri","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1111\/dgd.12247","article-title":"Systematic analyses of murine masculinization processes based on genital sex differentiation parameters","volume":"57","author":"Suzuki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dev. Growth Differ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12241","article-title":"5alpha-Dihydrotestosterone negatively regulates cell proliferation of the periurethral ventral mesenchyme during urethral tube formation in the murine male genital tubercle","volume":"5","author":"Suzuki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0177(199705)209:1<117::AID-AJA11>3.0.CO;2-Z","article-title":"Expression and regulation of steroid 5 alpha-reductase in the genital tubercle of the fetal rat","volume":"209","author":"Tian","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dev. Dynam."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197410312911806","article-title":"Familial incomplete male pseudohermaphroditism, type 2. Decreased dihydrotestosterone formation in pseudovaginal perineoscrotal hypospadias","volume":"291","author":"Walsh","year":"1974","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1159\/000363609","article-title":"The masculinization programming window","volume":"27","author":"Welsh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocr. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib22","first-page":"245","article-title":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"21","author":"White","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg1903","article-title":"The makings of maleness: towards an integrated view of male sexual development","volume":"7","author":"Wilhelm","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7010602","article-title":"The hormonal control of sexual development","volume":"211","author":"Wilson","year":"1981","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib25","first-page":"577","article-title":"Steroid 5 alpha-reductase 2 deficiency","volume":"14","author":"Wilson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-7207(02)00362-3","article-title":"Androgen physiology: unsolved problems at the millennium","volume":"198","author":"Wilson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2002-220721","article-title":"5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol is formed in tammar wallaby pouch young testes by a pathway involving 5alpha-pregnane-3alpha,17alpha-diol-20-one as a key intermediate","volume":"144","author":"Wilson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-0436.2003.7108001.x","article-title":"Cellular and molecular mechanisms of development of the external genitalia","volume":"71","author":"Yamada","year":"2003","journal-title":"Differentiation"}],"container-title":["Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0303720718301989?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0303720718301989?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,21]],"date-time":"2018-09-21T03:27:02Z","timestamp":1537500422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0303720718301989"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"references-count":28,"alternative-id":["S0303720718301989"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0303-7207"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0303-7207","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The human genital tubercle is steroidogenic organ at early pregnancy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mce.2018.06.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}