{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T20:56:44Z","timestamp":1790024204863,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":425,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007270","name":"University of Michigan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"ANR","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]],"date-time":"2021-03-05T17:48:27Z","timestamp":1614966507000},"page":"111239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Adrenal androgens, adrenarche, and zona reticularis: A human affair?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"528","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1328-9515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Typhanie","family":"Dumontet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib1","first-page":"339","article-title":"Aspects of common marmoset basic biology and life history important for biomedical research","volume":"53","author":"Abbott","year":"2003","journal-title":"Comp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-008-9099-8","article-title":"Nonhuman primates as models for human adrenal androgen production: function and dysfunction","volume":"10","author":"Abbott","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev. Endocr. Metab. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1038\/9629","article-title":"A mutation in the gene encoding steroidogenic factor-1 causes XY sex reversal and adrenal failure in humans","volume":"22","author":"Achermann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.4.8376","article-title":"Gonadal determination and adrenal development are regulated by the orphan nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor-1, in a dose-dependent manner","volume":"87","author":"Achermann","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib5","unstructured":"Addison, T., 1855. On the constitutional and local effects of disease of the supra-renal capsules [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/b21298786 (accessed 3.7.17)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8792","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-65601-0","article-title":"CYP17A1 deficient XY mice display susceptibility to atherosclerosis, altered lipidomic profile and atypical sex development","volume":"10","author":"Aherrahrou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-27-6-861","article-title":"Osteoporosis","volume":"27","author":"Albright","year":"1947","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-194211000-00001","article-title":"A syndrome characterized by primary ovarian insufficiency and decreased stature: report of 11 cases with a digression on hormonal control of axillary and pubic hair","volume":"204","author":"Albright","year":"1942","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-2760(02)00617-3","article-title":"DHEA treatment: myth or reality?","volume":"13","author":"Allolio","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1354.050","article-title":"Age-related effects of dexamethasone administration in adrenal zona reticularis","volume":"1067","author":"Almeida","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2007.12.002","article-title":"Inhibition of vascular inflammation by dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in human aortic endothelial cells: roles of PPARalpha and NF-kappaB","volume":"48","author":"Altman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)91889-9","article-title":"The adrenal androgen-stimulating hormone does not exist","volume":"2","author":"Anderson","year":"1980","journal-title":"Lancet Lond. Engl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1979.tb05062.x","article-title":"Adrenocortical function in puberty. serum ACTH, cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone in girls and boys","volume":"68","author":"Apter","year":"1979","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16503-3","article-title":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia caused by mutant P450 oxidoreductase and human androgen synthesis: analytical study","volume":"363","author":"Arlt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01979887","article-title":"Ein Beitrag zu der feineren Structur und dem Chemismus der Nebennieren","volume":"35","author":"Arnold","year":"1866","journal-title":"Virchows Arch."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-87-6-1377","article-title":"Sexual differences in the biogenesis of the androgens by the adrenal cortex in rat","volume":"87","author":"Askari","year":"1970","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2016.02.002","article-title":"Steroid 17-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase deficiencies, genetic and pharmacologic","volume":"165","author":"Auchus","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3158","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.6.3158","article-title":"Cytochrome b 5 augments the 17,20-lyase activity of human P450c17 without direct electron transfer","volume":"273","author":"Auchus","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2003.01858.x","article-title":"Adrenarche \u2013 physiology, biochemistry and human disease","volume":"60","author":"Auchus","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.143.2.8658","article-title":"Interaction between dax-1 and steroidogenic factor-1 in vivo: increased adrenal responsiveness to ACTH in the absence of dax-1","volume":"143","author":"Babu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/age.12257","article-title":"Differential expression of CYB5A in Chinese and European pig breeds due to genetic variations in the promoter region","volume":"46","author":"Bai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anim. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5383","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.24.12.5383-5390.2004","article-title":"Deletion of the mouse P450c17 gene causes early embryonic lethality","volume":"24","author":"Bair","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E436","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.1389","article-title":"Extramedullary hematopoiesis in the adrenal: case report and review of literature","volume":"7","author":"Banerji","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can. Urol. Assoc. J. J. Assoc. Urol. Can."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2016.09.024","article-title":"DNA methylation is not involved in specific down-regulation of HSD3B2, NR4A1 and RARB genes in androgen-secreting cells of human adrenal cortex","volume":"441","author":"Baquedano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib24","first-page":"455","article-title":"Fecal dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) immunoreactivity as a noninvasive index of circulating DHEA activity in young male laboratory rats","volume":"60","author":"Bardi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Comp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.0.0090095","article-title":"Characterization of a rat adrenocortical inner zone-specific antigen and identification of its putative precursor","volume":"9","author":"Barker","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2020.105724","article-title":"The A-ring reduction of 11-ketotestosterone is efficiently catalysed by AKR1D1 and SRD5A2 but not SRD5A1","volume":"202","author":"Barnard","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2018.06.013","article-title":"11-Oxygenated androgen precursors are the preferred substrates for aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3): implications for castration resistant prostate cancer","volume":"183","author":"Barnard","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5597","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.13.5597","article-title":"Expression and enzymatic activity of recombinant cytochrome P450 17 alpha-hydroxylase in Escherichia coli","volume":"88","author":"Barnes","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.317412.118","article-title":"A ZNRF3-dependent Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling gradient is required for adrenal homeostasis","volume":"33","author":"Basham","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37622","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M405431200","article-title":"The orphan nuclear receptor NGFIB regulates transcription of 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. implications for the control of adrenal functional zonation","volume":"279","author":"Bassett","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4180","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-0410","article-title":"24-Dehydrocholesterol reductase\/seladin-1: a key protein differentially involved in adrenocorticotropin effects observed in human and rat adrenal cortex","volume":"150","author":"Battista","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.1.07062","article-title":"Seladin-1 expression in rat adrenal gland: effect of adrenocorticotropic hormone treatment","volume":"192","author":"Battista","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib33","series-title":"Steroid Hormone Regulation of the Brain","first-page":"3","article-title":"Steroid hormones in the brain: several mechanisms?","author":"Baulieu","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-0760(90)90490-C","article-title":"Neurosteroids: a new brain function?","volume":"37","author":"Baulieu","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2017.02.001","article-title":"Non-invasive monitoring of physiological markers in primates","volume":"91","author":"Behringer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-12-0103","article-title":"Adrenarche in bonobos (Pan paniscus): evidence from ontogenetic changes in urinary dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate levels","volume":"214","author":"Behringer","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(86)90361-4","article-title":"Plasma levels of steroid glucuronides in prepubertal, adult and elderly men","volume":"24","author":"B\u00e9langer","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-008-9105-1","article-title":"Expression of the IGF and the aromatase\/estrogen receptor systems in human adrenal tissues from early infancy to late puberty: implications for the development of adrenarche","volume":"10","author":"Belgorosky","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rev. Endocr. Metab. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-50-1-117","article-title":"The use of constant infusion of unlabeled dehydroepiandrosterone for the assessment of its metabolic clearance rate, its half-life, and its conversion into estrogens","volume":"50","author":"B\u00e9lisle","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0830435","article-title":"Properties of rat adrenal zona reticularis cells: production and stimulation of certain steroids","volume":"83","author":"Bell","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0770025","article-title":"Properties of rat adrenal zona reticularis cells: preparation by gravitational sedimentation","volume":"77","author":"Bell","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-018-1390-3","article-title":"Monkeys, mice and menses: the bloody anomaly of the spiny mouse","volume":"36","author":"Bellofiore","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Assist. Reprod. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2019.04.006","article-title":"The adrenal gland in stress - adaptation on a cellular level","volume":"190","author":"Berger","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22001","article-title":"Adrenal androgen production in catarrhine primates and the evolution of adrenarche","volume":"147","author":"Bernstein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2016.02.033","article-title":"Role of cytochrome b5 in the modulation of the enzymatic activities of cytochrome P450 17\u03b1-hydroxylase\/17,20-lyase (P450 17A1)","volume":"170","author":"Bhatt","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1258\/ebm.2009.009177","article-title":"Stimulation of Sigma-1 receptor by dehydroepiandrosterone ameliorates hypertension-induced kidney hypertrophy in ovariectomized rats","volume":"235","author":"Bhuiyan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med. Maywood NJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1446","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.4.7402","article-title":"Effect of leptin on CYP17 enzymatic activities in human adrenal cells: new insight in the onset of adrenarche","volume":"141","author":"Biason-Lauber","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0b013e32810f2e58","article-title":"Reverse transcriptase-PCR quantification of mRNA levels from cytochrome (CYP)1, CYP2 and CYP3 families in 22 different human tissues","volume":"17","author":"Bi\u00e8che","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacogenetics Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib49","first-page":"419","article-title":"Development of a steroidogenic factor 1\/Cre transgenic mouse line","volume":"44","author":"Bingham","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genes. N. Y. N 2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-47-4-818","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone: kinetics of metabolism in normal men and women","volume":"47","author":"Bird","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib51","first-page":"180","article-title":"Concerning the function and origin of the reticular zone of the adrenal cortex; hyperplasia in the adrenogenital syndrome","volume":"78","author":"Blackman","year":"1946","journal-title":"Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2003-0333","article-title":"Differential requirement for steroidogenic factor-1 gene dosage in adrenal development versus endocrine function","volume":"18","author":"Bland","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2008.80","article-title":"Androgen receptor regulation of the seladin-1\/DHCR24 gene: altered expression in prostate cancer","volume":"88","author":"Bonaccorsi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib54","first-page":"225","article-title":"Intimate contact of chromaffin and cortical cells within the human adrenal gland forms the cellular basis for important intraadrenal interactions","volume":"78","author":"Bornstein","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib55","article-title":"The mammalian adrenal gland","author":"Bourne","year":"1949","journal-title":"Mamm. Adrenal Gland."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib56","first-page":"401","article-title":"Placental sulfatase deficiency: maternal and fetal expression of steroid sulfatase deficiency and X-linked ichthyosis","volume":"41","author":"Bradshaw","year":"1986","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol. Surv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib57","series-title":"Recherches exp\u00e9rimentales sur la physiologie et la pathologie des capsules surr\u00e9nales [electronic resource]","author":"Brown-S\u00e9quard","year":"1856"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1995.tb02663.x","article-title":"Adrenarche does not occur in treated patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia resulting from 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"42","author":"Brunelli","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0090095","article-title":"Species differences in adrenocortical secretion","volume":"9","author":"Bush","year":"1953","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib60","first-page":"192","article-title":"\u00dcber Androsteron. III. Isolierung eines neuen, physiologisch unwirksamen Sterinderivates aus M\u00e4nnerharn, seine Verkn\u00fcpfung mit Dehydro-androsteron und Androsteron: ein Beitrag zur Konstitution des Androsterons","volume":"229","author":"Butenandt","year":"1934","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.21111","article-title":"Adrenarche in comparative perspective","volume":"23","author":"Campbell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00101","article-title":"DHEAS and human development: an evolutionary perspective","volume":"11","author":"Campbell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba7721","article-title":"A human cell atlas of fetal gene expression","volume":"370","author":"Cao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R31","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI10841","article-title":"Mutations in the protein kinase A R1alpha regulatory subunit cause familial cardiac myxomas and Carney complex","volume":"106","author":"Casey","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib64","first-page":"E305","article-title":"Pubertal endocrinology of the baboon: adrenarche","volume":"241","author":"Castracane","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib65","first-page":"437","article-title":"The zona intermedia of the adrenal cortex, a correlation of possible functional significance with development, morphology and histochemistry","volume":"88","author":"Cater","year":"1954","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib66","first-page":"86","article-title":"Effects of fasting on corticosterone production by zona fasciculata-reticularis cells in ovariectomized rats","volume":"50","author":"Chang","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Investig. Med. Off. Publ. Am. Fed. Clin. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-861553","article-title":"Adrenal androgens and the immune system","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4568","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0368","article-title":"Direct agonist\/antagonist functions of dehydroepiandrosterone","volume":"146","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.00725","article-title":"Triiodothyronine potentiates BMP9-induced osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells through the activation of AMPK\/p38 signaling","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2007.10.004","article-title":"Neurosteroid dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate inhibits persistent sodium currents in rat medial prefrontal cortex via activation of sigma-1 receptors","volume":"210","author":"Cheng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib71","series-title":"Vitamins and Hormones, Dehydroepiandrosterone","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.vh.2018.02.003","article-title":"Chapter two - mechanisms of action of dehydroepiandrosterone","author":"Clark","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1510301","article-title":"The steroidogenic effects of \u03b2-endorphin and joining peptide: a potential role in the modulation of adrenal androgen production","volume":"151","author":"Clarke","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod56.4.789","article-title":"The role of cytochrome P450 17 alpha-hydroxylase and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the integration of gonadal and adrenal steroidogenesis via the delta 5 and delta 4 pathways of steroidogenesis in mammals","volume":"56","author":"Conley","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.111.094706","article-title":"Costs and consequences of cellular compartmentalization and substrate competition among human enzymes involved in androgen and estrogen synthesis","volume":"86","author":"Conley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2010.12.022","article-title":"Defining adrenarche in the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta), a non-human primate model for adrenal androgen secretion","volume":"336","author":"Conley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1229","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00200.2011","article-title":"Adrenal androgen concentrations increase during infancy in male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)","volume":"301","author":"Conley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-11-0467","article-title":"Adrenarche in nonhuman primates: the evidence for it and the need to redefine it","volume":"214","author":"Conley","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-60-6-1154","article-title":"Puberty in the chimpanzee: somatomedin-C and its relationship to somatic growth and steroid hormone concentrations","volume":"60","author":"Copeland","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2018.02.010","article-title":"Based on an analysis of mode of action, styrene-induced mouse lung tumors are not a human cancer concern","volume":"95","author":"Cruzan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. RTP"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib80","first-page":"4095","article-title":"Disrupted gonadogenesis and male-to-female sex reversal in Pod1 knockout mice","volume":"131","author":"Cui","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dev. Camb. Engl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2112","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-103-6-2112","article-title":"Adrenarche: a survey of rodents, domestic animals, and primates","volume":"103","author":"Cutler","year":"1978","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib82","first-page":"2384","article-title":"Andrenarche and its relationship to the onset of puberty","volume":"39","author":"Cutler","year":"1980","journal-title":"Fed. Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-0732","article-title":"Expression and externalization of annexin 1 in the adrenal gland: structure and function of the adrenal gland in annexin 1-null mutant mice","volume":"148","author":"Davies","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa343","article-title":"Sex differences in 11-oxygenated androgen patterns across adulthood","volume":"105","author":"Davio","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.2527\/1999.7751230x","article-title":"Association of cytochrome b5 with 16-androstene steroid synthesis in the testis and accumulation in the fat of male pigs","volume":"77","author":"Davis","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-6374(98)00099-2","article-title":"Age-related changes in the inner zone of the adrenal cortex of the rat--a morphologic and biochemical study","volume":"105","author":"de Almeida","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2011.10.006","article-title":"The cAMP pathway and the control of adrenocortical development and growth","volume":"351","author":"de Joussineau","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-8165(73)80086-1","article-title":"The prepuberal and puberal growth of the adrenal (adrenarche)","volume":"150","author":"Dhom","year":"1973","journal-title":"Beitr. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-59-6-1031","article-title":"Intraadrenal steroid concentrations in man: zonal differences and developmental changes","volume":"59","author":"Dickerman","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2016.07.051","article-title":"Un mod\u00e8le g\u00e9n\u00e9tique murin pour l\u2019exploration mol\u00e9culaire et cellulaire des tumorigen\u00e8ses testiculaires du complexe de Carney","volume":"77","author":"Djari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Endocrinol., 33e congr\u00e8s SFE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib91","series-title":"PKA Drives Paracrine Crisis and WNT4-dependent Testis Tumor in Carney Complex","author":"Djari","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2061","article-title":"Salt-sensitive hypertension in circadian clock-deficient Cry-null mice involves dysregulated adrenal Hsd3b6","volume":"16","author":"Doi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1002\/ame2.12007","article-title":"Dhcr24 activates the PI3K\/Akt\/HKII pathway and protects against dilated cardiomyopathy in mice","volume":"1","author":"Dong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anim. Models Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2487","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-126-5-2487","article-title":"3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase\/isomerase in the fetal zone and neocortex of the human fetal adrenal gland","volume":"126","author":"Doody","year":"1990","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12751","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12751","article-title":"PKA inhibits WNT signalling in adrenal cortex zonation and prevents malignant tumour development","volume":"7","author":"Drelon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.30.9.997","article-title":"Effects of dexamethasone on aryl (SULT1A1)- and hydroxysteroid (SULT2A1)-sulfotransferase gene expression in primary cultured human hepatocytes","volume":"30","author":"Duanmu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos. Biol. Fate Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-42-3-468","article-title":"Plasma adrenal and gonadal sex steroids in human pubertal development","volume":"42","author":"Ducharme","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-73-2-385","article-title":"Endocrine and morphological maturation of the fetal and neonatal adrenal cortex in baboons","volume":"73","author":"Ducsay","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2282","DOI":"10.1002\/1873-3468.13153","article-title":"Cytochrome b5 enhances androgen synthesis by rapidly reducing the CYP17A1 oxy-complex in the lyase step","volume":"592","author":"Duggal","year":"2018","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10218","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201900557R","article-title":"Hormonal and spatial control of SUMOylation in the human and mouse adrenal cortex","volume":"33","author":"Dumontet","year":"2019","journal-title":"Faseb. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.98394","article-title":"PKA signaling drives reticularis differentiation and sexually dimorphic adrenal cortex renewal","volume":"3","author":"Dumontet","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R7","DOI":"10.1016\/0303-7207(90)90120-W","article-title":"Ontogeny of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase\/delta 5-delta 4 isomerase (3 beta-HSD) in human adrenal gland performed by immunocytochemistry","volume":"74","author":"Dupont","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/s10329-017-0602-2","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S), sex, and age in zoo-housed western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)","volume":"58","author":"Edes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Primates J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1177271920914585","article-title":"Allostatic load indices with cholesterol and triglycerides predict disease and mortality risk in zoo-housed western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)","volume":"15","author":"Edes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomark. Insights"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1038\/tpj.2015.18","article-title":"Genetic variation, expression and ontogeny of sulfotransferase SULT2A1 in humans","volume":"15","author":"Ekstr\u00f6m","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2005.10.004","article-title":"Genetic analysis of adrenal absence: agenesis and aplasia","volume":"16","author":"Else","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1159\/000502114","article-title":"Low DHEAS concentration in a girl presenting with short stature and premature pubarche: a novel PAPSS2 gene mutation","volume":"92","author":"Eltan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Horm. Res. Paediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib108","first-page":"3558","article-title":"The zona reticularis is the site of biosynthesis of dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in the adult human adrenal cortex resulting from its low expression of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase","volume":"81","author":"Endoh","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.3109\/07435809509030458","article-title":"Human adrenal CYP11B1: localization by in situ-hybridization and functional expression in cell cultures","volume":"21","author":"Erdmann","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib110","series-title":"Opuscula Anatomicae","author":"Eustachio","year":"1543"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.104.005389","article-title":"Regulation of human hepatic hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase gene expression by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha transcription factor","volume":"67","author":"Fang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.01.058","article-title":"Differential gene dosage effects of Ad4BP\/SF-1 on target tissue development","volume":"341","author":"Fatchiyah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2010.11.006","article-title":"Steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1, NR5A1) and human disease","volume":"336","author":"Ferraz-de-Souza","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1064","article-title":"CBP\/p300-Interacting transactivator, with Glu\/asp-rich C-terminal domain, 2, and pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 in human adrenal development and disease","volume":"94","author":"Ferraz-de-Souza","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1210\/mend-3-6-968","article-title":"Rat P45017\u03b1 from testis: characterization of a full-length cDNA encoding a unique steroid hydroxylase capable of catalyzing both \u03944- and \u03945-steroid-17,20-lyase reactions","volume":"3","author":"Fevold","year":"1989","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib116","series-title":"A Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests","author":"Fischbach","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1300","article-title":"Mutant P450 oxidoreductase causes disordered steroidogenesis with and without Antley-Bixler syndrome","volume":"36","author":"Fl\u00fcck","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm-2018-0230","article-title":"Biomolecular engineering of antidehydroepiandrosterone antibodies: a new perspective in cancer diagnosis and treatment using single-chain antibody variable fragment","volume":"14","author":"Foga\u00e7a","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"T271","DOI":"10.1530\/JME-18-0086","article-title":"Sulfation pathways: insights into steroid sulfation and desulfation pathways","volume":"61","author":"Foster","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2013.07.016","article-title":"Adrenocortical zonation results from lineage conversion of differentiated zona glomerulosa cells","volume":"26","author":"Freedman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2017.1291617","article-title":"Ambient levels of concentrated PM2.5 affects cell kinetics in adrenal glands: an experimental study in mice","volume":"33","author":"Fuchs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gynecol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-53-2-401","article-title":"The control of steroidogenesis by human fetal adrenal cells in tissue culture. II. Comparison of morphology and steroid production in cells of the fetal and definitive zones","volume":"53","author":"Fujieda","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.vh.2018.09.004","article-title":"Mechanisms of mineralocorticoid receptor signaling","volume":"109","author":"Fuller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vitam. Horm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46049-3","article-title":"Androgen receptor signalling in the male adrenal facilitates X-zone regression, cell turnover and protects against adrenal degeneration during ageing","volume":"9","author":"Gannon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1080\/07435809609043768","article-title":"Adrenarche is associated with decreased 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase expression in the adrenal reticularis","volume":"22","author":"Gell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Endocr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib126","first-page":"3695","article-title":"Adrenarche results from development of a 3\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-deficient adrenal reticularis 1","volume":"83","author":"Gell","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-57-1-56","article-title":"Proopiocortin-related peptide plasma levels throughout prepuberty and puberty","volume":"57","author":"Genazzani","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1090750203","article-title":"The nature of the X-zone of the adrenal gland of the mouse","volume":"75","author":"Gersh","year":"1939","journal-title":"Anat. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00202825","article-title":"A splicing mutation in the cytochrome b5 gene from a patient with congenital methemoglobinemia and pseudohermaphrodism","volume":"93","author":"Giordano","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-26-1-14","article-title":"Development of activity of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in human fetal tissues and in two anencephalic newborns","volume":"26","author":"Goldman","year":"1966","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2013.11.022","article-title":"Development of monoclonal antibodies against human CYP11B1 and CYP11B2","volume":"383","author":"Gomez-Sanchez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2012.09.014","article-title":"Effects of nuclear receptor transactivation on steroid hormone synthesis and gene expression in porcine Leydig cells","volume":"133","author":"Gray","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-13-22","article-title":"Genome-wide association scan and phased haplotype construction for quantitative trait loci affecting boar taint in three pig breeds","volume":"13","author":"Gregersen","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib134","series-title":"The Adrenals","author":"Grollman","year":"1936"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4324","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020592","article-title":"Mutations of the PRKAR1A gene in Cushing's syndrome due to sporadic primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease","volume":"87","author":"Groussin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3640","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2016.501","article-title":"The SigmaR1 chaperone drives breast and colorectal cancer cell migration by tuning SK3-dependent Ca2+ homeostasis","volume":"36","author":"Gueguinou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.3.8330","article-title":"Relationship between the GH\/IGF-I axis, insulin sensitivity, and adrenal androgens in normal prepubertal and pubertal boys","volume":"87","author":"Guercio","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib138","first-page":"536","article-title":"Circadian rhythms in plasma levels of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone, delta 4-androstenedione, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone of healthy young men","volume":"94","author":"Guignard","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2020.111043","article-title":"Stem cell function and plasticity in the normal physiology of the adrenal cortex","volume":"519","author":"Hammer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-019-09894-3","article-title":"Deciphering the epitranscriptomic signatures in cell fate determination and development","volume":"15","author":"Haran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rev. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2443.1996.00254.x","article-title":"Identical origin of adrenal cortex and gonad revealed by expression profiles of Ad4BP\/SF-1","volume":"1","author":"Hatano","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gene Cell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2787","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.120.10.2787","article-title":"Sex-dependent expression of a transcription factor, Ad4BP, regulating steroidogenic P-450 genes in the gonads during prenatal and postnatal rat development","volume":"120","author":"Hatano","year":"1994","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-861550","article-title":"The rise in adrenal androgen biosynthesis: adrenarche","volume":"22","author":"Havelock","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.08.036","article-title":"Sigma-1 receptor chaperones at the ER-mitochondrion interface regulate Ca(2+) signaling and cell survival","volume":"131","author":"Hayashi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198603203141206","article-title":"Congenital methemoglobinemia with a deficiency of cytochrome b5","volume":"314","author":"Hegesh","year":"1986","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4358","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2002-220275","article-title":"Wnt-4 deficiency alters mouse adrenal cortex function, reducing aldosterone production","volume":"143","author":"Heikkil\u00e4","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.3473","article-title":"Site-directed mutagenesis of the substrate-binding cleft of human estrogen sulfotransferase","volume":"276","author":"Hempel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-1100","article-title":"Adrenal 20\u03b1-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the mouse catabolizes progesterone and 11-deoxycorticosterone and is restricted to the X-zone","volume":"148","author":"Hershkovitz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2016.07.001","article-title":"Field endocrinology of nonhuman primates: past, present, and future","volume":"84","author":"Higham","year":"2016","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2017.271106","article-title":"High-resolution, accurate-mass (HRAM) mass spectrometry urine steroid profiling in the diagnosis of adrenal disorders","volume":"63","author":"Hines","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1390301","article-title":"11 beta-Hydroxylase gene expression in the rat adrenal cortex","volume":"139","author":"Ho","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-59-6-712","article-title":"Observations on in vitro adrenal steroid synthesis in the albino mouse","volume":"59","author":"Hofmann","year":"1956","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7494","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)53202-6","article-title":"Ad4BP regulating steroidogenic P-450 gene is a member of steroid hormone receptor superfamily","volume":"268","author":"Honda","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-12-0022","article-title":"Adrenarche: a cell biological perspective","volume":"214","author":"Hornsby","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1000400204","article-title":"A transitory zone in the adrenal cortex which shows age and sex relationships","volume":"40","author":"Howard-Miller","year":"1927","journal-title":"Am. J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9543","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.160270997","article-title":"Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning","volume":"97","author":"Hu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. Unit. States Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R51","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-18-0632","article-title":"The transient cortical zone in the adrenal gland\u2014the mystery of the adrenal X-zone","volume":"241","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2338","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2015-1118","article-title":"A novel population of inner cortical cells in the adrenal gland that displays sexually dimorphic expression of thyroid hormone receptor-\u03b21","volume":"156","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1086\/429417","article-title":"Diversity and function of mutations in P450 oxidoreductase in patients with antley-bixler syndrome and disordered steroidogenesis","volume":"76","author":"Huang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2481","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-1166","article-title":"Indirect regulation of human dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase family 1A member 2 by thyroid hormones","volume":"147","author":"Huang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-09-0127","article-title":"Development of the human adrenal zona reticularis: morphometric and immunohistochemical studies from birth to adolescence","volume":"203","author":"Hui","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-07054-6","article-title":"Stimulatory effect of intermittent hypoxia on the production of corticosterone by zona fasciculata-reticularis cells in rats","volume":"7","author":"Hwang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(83)90039-0","article-title":"Steroid biosynthesis by zona fasciculata and zona reticularis cells purified from the mammalian adrenal cortex","volume":"19","author":"Hyatt","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.002733","article-title":"Rats!","volume":"2","author":"Iannaccone","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dis. Model. Mech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E465","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2413","article-title":"A missense mutation in the human cytochrome b5 gene causes 46,XY disorder of sex development due to true isolated 17,20 lyase deficiency","volume":"97","author":"Idkowiak","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib166","first-page":"654","article-title":"Developmental expression of mouse steroidogenic factor-1, an essential regulator of the steroid hydroxylases","volume":"8","author":"Ikeda","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19681","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)36570-6","article-title":"Expression and purification of functional human 17 alpha-hydroxylase\/17,20-lyase (P450c17) in Escherichia coli. Use of this system for study of a novel form of combined 17 alpha-hydroxylase\/17,20-lyase deficiency","volume":"268","author":"Imai","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2013.02.023","article-title":"Thyroid hormone receptor and liver X receptor competitively up-regulate human selective Alzheimer's disease indicator-1 gene expression at the transcriptional levels","volume":"432","author":"Ishida","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2003.10.049","article-title":"Activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase mediates thyroid hormone-stimulated osteocalcin synthesis in osteoblasts","volume":"214","author":"Ishisaki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(70)90720-5","article-title":"Steroid biosynthesis by cultures of normal human adrenal tissue","volume":"38","author":"Jones","year":"1970","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5418","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddu265","article-title":"mTOR pathway is activated by PKA in adrenocortical cells and participates in vivo to apoptosis resistance in primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD)","volume":"23","author":"Joussineau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/837901","article-title":"The interplay between estrogen and fetal adrenal cortex","author":"Kaludjerovic","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1995.1173","article-title":"The role of cytochrome b5 in the biosynthesis of androgens by human P450c17","volume":"317","author":"Katagiri","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-08-3367","article-title":"Mouse Polycomb M33 is required for splenic vascular and adrenal gland formation through regulating Ad4BP\/SF1 expression","volume":"106","author":"Katoh-Fukui","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4872","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.136.11.7588219","article-title":"Developmentally regulated expression of adrenal 17 alpha-hydroxylase cytochrome P450 in the mouse embryo","volume":"136","author":"Keeney","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0684.2000.290504.x","article-title":"Serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentrations across the life span of laboratory-housed rhesus monkeys","volume":"29","author":"Kemnitz","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Med. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib177","first-page":"124","article-title":"Regulation of androgen biosynthesis \u2013 a short review and preliminary results from the hyperandrogenic starvation NCI-H295R cell model","volume":"408","author":"Kempn\u00e1","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., Sixteenth Conf. Adrenal Cortex (Adrenal 2014)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-56-4-786","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase localization in human adrenal glands: a light and electron microscopic study","volume":"56","author":"Kennerson","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.37.6.960","article-title":"Cortisol production rate. II. Normal infants, children, and adults","volume":"37","author":"Kenny","year":"1966","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1988.tb02081.x","article-title":"HLA-DR expression by adrenocortical cells of the zona reticularis: structural and allotypic characterization","volume":"31","author":"Khoury","year":"1988","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib181","first-page":"580","article-title":"Adrenocortical cells of the zona reticularis normally express HLA-DR antigenic determinants","volume":"127","author":"Khoury","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2005.03113.x","article-title":"Molecular and neurochemical evidence for the biosynthesis of dehydroepiandrosterone in the adult rat spinal cord","volume":"93","author":"Kibaly","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa498","article-title":"Changes in adrenal androgens and steroidogenic enzyme activities from ages 2, 4, to 6 Years: a prospective cohort study","volume":"105","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3578","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.8.8327","article-title":"Neurosteroid synthesis by cytochrome p450-containing systems localized in the rat brain hippocampal neurons: N-methyl-D-aspartate and calcium-dependent synthesis","volume":"142","author":"Kimoto","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1745","article-title":"Isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency due to the cytochrome b5 mutation W27X","volume":"95","author":"Kok","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2005.09.003","article-title":"Regulation of adrenal glucocorticoid synthesis by interleukin-10: a preponderance of IL-10 receptor in the adrenal zona fasciculata","volume":"20","author":"Koldzic-Zivanovic","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2011.08317.x","article-title":"Circadian expression of steroidogenic cytochromes P450 in the mouse adrenal gland \u2013 involvement of cAMP-responsive element modulator in epigenetic regulation of Cyp17a1","volume":"279","author":"Ko\u0161ir","year":"2012","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90515-R","article-title":"WT-1 is required for early kidney development","volume":"74","author":"Kreidberg","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2008.01768.x","article-title":"Effects of dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation on cognitive function and quality of life: the DHEA and well-ness (DAWN) trial","volume":"56","author":"Kritz-Silverstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.2340","article-title":"Defining biological stress and stress responses based on principles of physics","volume":"333","author":"K\u00fcltz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Exp. Zool. Part Ecol. Integr. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s12576-012-0194-y","article-title":"T cells affect thymic involution during puberty by inducing regression of the adrenal reticularis","volume":"62","author":"Kushida","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2010.231","article-title":"Blockade of testicular and adrenal androgens in prostate cancer treatment","volume":"8","author":"Labrie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib193","series-title":"Progress in Brain Research, NeuroendocrinologyPathological Situations and Diseases","first-page":"97","article-title":"Chapter 4 - DHEA, important source of sex steroids in men and even more in women","author":"Labrie","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-861547","article-title":"Adrenal androgens and intracrinology","volume":"22","author":"Labrie","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib195","first-page":"C113","volume":"vol. 78","author":"Labrie","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2396","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.82.8.4160","article-title":"Marked decline in serum concentrations of adrenal C19 sex steroid precursors and conjugated androgen metabolites during aging","volume":"82","author":"Labrie","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2008.11.004","article-title":"Comparable amounts of sex steroids are made outside the gonads in men and women: strong lesson for hormone therapy of prostate and breast cancer","volume":"113","author":"Labrie","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib198","first-page":"193","article-title":"Complete androgen blockade for the treatment of prostate cancer","author":"Labrie","year":"1985","journal-title":"Important Adv. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.3109\/13697137.2012.733983","article-title":"DHEA and intracrinology at menopause, a positive choice for evolution of the human species","volume":"16","author":"Labrie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.1.06264","article-title":"Is dehydroepiandrosterone a hormone?","volume":"187","author":"Labrie","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib201","first-page":"1249","article-title":"Steroidogenic factor I, a key regulator of steroidogenic enzyme expression, is the mouse homolog of fushi tarazu-factor I","volume":"6","author":"Lala","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4237","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.139.10.6217","article-title":"DAX-1 blocks steroid production at multiple levels","volume":"139","author":"Lalli","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2008.10.045","article-title":"A transgenic mouse line with specific Cre recombinase expression in the adrenal cortex","volume":"300","author":"Lambert-Langlais","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib204","first-page":"E78","article-title":"Hormones in perinatal rat and spiny mouse: relation to altricial and precocial timing of birth","volume":"251","author":"Lamers","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.3181\/0903-MR-97","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of steroidogenic genes: STARD1, CYP11A1 and HSD3B","volume":"234","author":"Lavoie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med. Maywood NJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0930609","article-title":"Immunoreactive cytochrome P-450(17 alpha) in rat and Guinea-pig gonads, adrenal glands and brain","volume":"93","author":"Le Goascogne","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7960","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.12.7960","article-title":"Synergistic activation of the human type II 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase\/delta5-delta4 isomerase promoter by the transcription factor steroidogenic factor-1\/adrenal 4-binding protein and phorbol ester","volume":"272","author":"Leers-Sucheta","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15332-7","article-title":"\u03b2-Catenin and FGFR2 regulate postnatal rosette-based adrenocortical morphogenesis","volume":"11","author":"Leng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cccn.2003.10.031","article-title":"DHEAS as a new diagnostic tool","volume":"341","author":"Leowattana","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/10495390903500607","article-title":"Examination of testicular gene expression patterns in yorkshire pigs with high and low levels of boar taint","volume":"21","author":"Leung","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anim. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coemr.2019.07.008","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism in adrenal gland development and tumorigenesis","volume":"8","author":"Levasseur","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Endocr. Metab. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-111-6-1797","article-title":"Rapid regression of fetal adrenal zone and absence of adrenal reticular zone in the marmoset","volume":"111","author":"Levine","year":"1982","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5684","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa269","article-title":"Targeted mRNA demethylation using an engineered dCas13b-ALKBH5 fusion protein","volume":"48","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.111.184671","article-title":"Generation and characterization of a cyp2f2-null mouse and studies on the role of CYP2F2 in naphthalene-induced toxicity in the lung and nasal olfactory mucosa","volume":"339","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therapeut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2430","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001680","article-title":"A SIGMAR1 splice-site mutation causes distal hereditary motor neuropathy","volume":"84","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335-004-2439-4","article-title":"A novel polymorphism in the 5\u2019 untranslated region of the porcine cytochrome b5 (CYB5) gene is associated with decreased fat androstenone level","volume":"16","author":"Lin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mamm. Genome Off. J. Int. Mamm. Genome Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib217","article-title":"\u03b2-catenin in adrenal zonation and disease","volume":"111120","author":"Little","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2004.02.004","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone stimulates nitric oxide release in vascular endothelial cells: evidence for a cell surface receptor","volume":"69","author":"Liu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21379","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M200491200","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone activates endothelial cell nitric-oxide synthase by a specific plasma membrane receptor coupled to Galpha(i2,3)","volume":"277","author":"Liu","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-1125","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone stimulates endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis through extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1\/2-mediated mechanisms","volume":"149","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.1.01560","article-title":"DNA methylation affects cell proliferation, cortisol secretion and steroidogenic gene expression in human adrenocortical NCI-H295R cells","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib222","series-title":"Endotext. MDText.Com, Inc.","article-title":"Adrenal androgens and aging","author":"Lois","year":"2000"},{"issue":"Suppl. l","key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib223","first-page":"S125","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone metabolism","volume":"150","author":"Longcope","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abe4497","article-title":"Single-cell molecular profiling of all three components of the HPA axis reveals adrenal ABCB1 as a regulator of stress adaptation","volume":"7","author":"Lopez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3848","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1976","article-title":"Variants in SULT2A1 affect the DHEA sulphate to DHEA ratio in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome but not the hyperandrogenic phenotype","volume":"98","author":"Louwers","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.10260","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone upregulates neural androgen receptor level and transcriptional activity","volume":"57","author":"Lu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3267","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0024","article-title":"3beta-Hydroxysteroid-delta24 reductase is a hydrogen peroxide scavenger, protecting cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis","volume":"149","author":"Lu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4256","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-1795","article-title":"Seladin-1 is a fundamental mediator of the neuroprotective effects of estrogen in human neuroblast long-term cell cultures","volume":"149","author":"Luciani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031065","article-title":"Expression of the novel adrenocorticotropin-responsive gene selective Alzheimer's disease indicator-1 in the normal adrenal cortex and in adrenocortical adenomas and carcinomas","volume":"89","author":"Luciani","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90211-9","article-title":"A cell-specific nuclear receptor is essential for adrenal and gonadal development and sexual differentiation","volume":"77","author":"Luo","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqaa126","article-title":"RNA-seq reveals sub-zones in mouse adrenal zona fasciculata and the sexually dimorphic responses to thyroid hormone","volume":"161","author":"Lyu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2014.03.014","article-title":"DHEA and cognitive function in the elderly","volume":"145","author":"Maggio","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) and sex steroid formation (intracrinology)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1159\/000488777","article-title":"A new model for adrenarche: inhibition of 3\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 by intra-adrenal cortisol","volume":"89","author":"Majzoub","year":"2018","journal-title":"Horm. Res. Paediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib426","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2008.11.002","article-title":"Neurobiological and neuropsychiatric effects of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA sulfate (DHEAS)","volume":"30","author":"Maninger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Front. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3889","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-2049","article-title":"The presentation of adrenarche is sexually dimorphic and modified by body adiposity","volume":"99","author":"M\u00e4ntyselk\u00e4","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib234","first-page":"3382","volume":"84","author":"Mapes","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-0859","article-title":"The human 3\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase\/\u03945-\u03944 isomerase type 2 promoter is a novel target for the immediate early orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 in steroidogenic cells","volume":"146","author":"Martin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib236","first-page":"3136","article-title":"Relevance of major histocompatibility complex class II expression as a hallmark for the cellular differentiation in the human adrenal cortex","volume":"82","author":"Marx","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E12265","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1809185115","article-title":"Steroidogenic differentiation and PKA signaling are programmed by histone methyltransferase EZH2 in the adrenal cortex","volume":"115","author":"Mathieu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. Unit. States Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2012","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-122-5-2012","article-title":"Dual regulation of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17 alpha-hydroxylase, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase by adenosine 3\u2019,5\u2019-monophosphate and activators of protein kinase C in cultured human adrenocortical cells","volume":"122","author":"McAllister","year":"1988","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.0.0240075","article-title":"Phenotypic variability and origins of mutations in the gene encoding 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II","volume":"24","author":"McCartin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00635","article-title":"The contribution of non-professional antigen-presenting cells to immunity and tolerance in the liver","volume":"9","author":"Mehrfeld","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-72-1-19","article-title":"Human proopiomelanocortin-(79-96), a proposed androgen stimulatory hormone, does not affect steroidogenesis in cultured human fetal adrenal cells","volume":"72","author":"Mellon","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1909786","article-title":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","author":"Merke","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib243","first-page":"378","article-title":"Developmental and functional biology of the primate fetal adrenal cortex 1","volume":"18","author":"Mesiano","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003743","article-title":"Evolutionary history of the most speciose mammals: molecular phylogeny of muroid rodents","volume":"18","author":"Michaux","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-008-9102-4","article-title":"Androgen synthesis in adrenarche","volume":"10","author":"Miller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev. Endocr. Metab. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2014.09.010","article-title":"The post-translational regulation of 17,20 lyase activity","volume":"408","author":"Miller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5832","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2005.04977.x","article-title":"Molecular identification of adrenal inner zone antigen as a heme-binding protein","volume":"272","author":"Min","year":"2005","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-08-0353","article-title":"Role of DNA methylation in the tissue-specific expression of the CYP17A1 gene for steroidogenesis in rodents","volume":"202","author":"Missaghian","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib249","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.2183\/pjab.90.163","article-title":"Functional zonation of the rat adrenal cortex: the development and maintenance","volume":"90","author":"Mitani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Jpn. Acad. Ser. B Phys. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1177\/30.10.6813370","article-title":"Cytochrome P-45011 beta and P-450scc in adrenal cortex: zonal distribution and intramitochondrial localization by the horseradish peroxidase-labeled antibody method","volume":"30","author":"Mitani","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Histochem. Cytochem. Off. J. Histochem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.135.1.8013381","article-title":"A novel cell layer without corticosteroid-synthesizing enzymes in rat adrenal cortex: histochemical detection and possible physiological role","volume":"135","author":"Mitani","year":"1994","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4773(98)00188-9","article-title":"YAC transgenic analysis reveals Wilms' tumour 1 gene activity in the proliferating coelomic epithelium, developing diaphragm and limb","volume":"79","author":"Moore","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mech. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17913","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)37129-7","article-title":"A common trans-acting factor, Ad4-binding protein, to the promoters of steroidogenic P-450s","volume":"267","author":"Morohashi","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib254","first-page":"1196","article-title":"Activation of CYP11A and CYP11B gene promoters by the steroidogenic cell-specific transcription factor","volume":"7","author":"Morohashi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ad4BP. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-71-3-696","article-title":"The effects of oral dehydroepiandrosterone on endocrine-metabolic parameters in postmenopausal women","volume":"71","author":"Mortola","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-1431","article-title":"Contribution of adrenal glands to intratumor androgens and growth of castration-resistant prostate cancer","volume":"25","author":"Mostaghel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Canc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10030","article-title":"Morphological and hormonal parameters in two species of macaques: impact of seasonal breeding","volume":"117","author":"Muehlenbein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0684.2001.d01-60.x","article-title":"Reproductive maturation in a sample of captive male baboons","volume":"30","author":"Muehlenbein","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Med. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2003.07.001","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate as a biomarker of senescence in male non-human primates","volume":"38","author":"Muehlenbein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2015-1036","article-title":"The regulation of steroid action by sulfation and desulfation","volume":"36","author":"Mueller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2015-1036","article-title":"The regulation of steroid action by sulfation and desulfation","volume":"36","author":"Mueller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9724","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA118.002248","article-title":"Human DHEA sulfation requires direct interaction between PAPS synthase 2 and DHEA sulfotransferase SULT2A1","volume":"293","author":"Mueller","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3925","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M805081200","article-title":"Cyp11b1 null mouse, a model of congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"284","author":"Mullins","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)72091-7","article-title":"Isolation of dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate from normal male urine","volume":"152","author":"Munson","year":"1944","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib265","first-page":"595","article-title":"Ultrastructural alterations in rats adrenal cortical cells produced by 4-aminopyrazolopyrimidine and ACTH administration","volume":"10","author":"Murakoshi","year":"1985","journal-title":"Tokai J. Exp. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81172-1","article-title":"Wilms' tumor 1 and Dax-1 modulate the orphan nuclear receptor SF-1 in sex-specific gene expression","volume":"93","author":"Nachtigal","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib267","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-008-9092-2","article-title":"Adrenal changes associated with adrenarche","volume":"10","author":"Nakamura","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev. Endocr. Metab. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2374","article-title":"Type 5 17\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (AKR1C3) contributes to testosterone production in the adrenal reticularis","volume":"94","author":"Nakamura","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.6.2.275","article-title":"Immunoreactive renin in mouse adrenal gland. Localization in the inner cortical region","volume":"6","author":"Naruse","year":"1984","journal-title":"Hypertens. Dallas Tex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.1991.10.1","article-title":"The P450 superfamily: update on new sequences, gene mapping, and recommended nomenclature","volume":"10","author":"Nebert","year":"1991","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00008571-199602000-00002","article-title":"P450 superfamily: update on new sequences, gene mapping, accession numbers and nomenclature","volume":"6","author":"Nelson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pharmacogenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib272","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-1303","article-title":"The developmental increase in adrenocortical 17,20-lyase activity (biochemical adrenarche) is driven primarily by increasing cytochrome b5 in neonatal rhesus macaques","volume":"150","author":"Nguyen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib273","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-08-0337","article-title":"Morphological adrenarche in rhesus macaques: development of the zona reticularis is concurrent with fetal zone regression in the early neonatal period","volume":"199","author":"Nguyen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib274","first-page":"433","article-title":"Zona reticularis in aging spontaneously hypertensive rats: a quantitative ultrastructural study of 70- and 95-week-old animals","volume":"97","author":"Nickerson","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0570123","article-title":"The secretion of dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate in man","volume":"57","author":"Nieschlag","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib276","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1248\/yakushi.123.369","article-title":"Tissue distribution of mRNA expression of human cytochrome P450 isoforms assessedby high-sensitivity real-time reverse transcription PCR","volume":"123","author":"Nishimura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Yakugaku Zasshi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib277","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2310","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0810489","article-title":"Inactivating PAPSS2 mutations in a patient with premature pubarche","volume":"360","author":"Noordam","year":"2009","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib278","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-20-0416","article-title":"From adrenarche to aging of adrenal zona reticularis: precocious female adrenopause onset","author":"Nunes-Souza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocr. Connect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib279","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-128X(96)00002-5","article-title":"beta-Lipotropin-stimulated adrenal steroid production","volume":"61","author":"O'Connell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2971","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.130.5.1572304","article-title":"Zone-specific expression of aldosterone synthase cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome P-45011 beta in rat adrenal cortex: histochemical basis for the functional zonation","volume":"130","author":"Ogishima","year":"1992","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E672","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-3556","article-title":"PAPSS2 deficiency causes androgen excess via impaired DHEA sulfation--in vitro and in vivo studies in a family harboring two novel PAPSS2 mutations","volume":"100","author":"Oostdijk","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib282","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-3285","article-title":"11-Oxygenated C19 steroids are the predominant androgens in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"102","author":"O'Reilly","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib283","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4536","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.9.7863","article-title":"The longitudinal study of adrenal maturation during gonadal suppression: evidence that adrenarche is a gradual process","volume":"86","author":"Palmert","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib284","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2837","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M209527200","article-title":"Protein phosphatase 2A and phosphoprotein SET regulate androgen production by P450c17","volume":"278","author":"Pandey","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0150143","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate stimulates expression of blood-testis-barrier proteins claudin-3 and -5 and tight junction formation via a gn\u03b111-coupled receptor in Sertoli cells","volume":"11","author":"Papadopoulos","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib286","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1978.tb01344.x","article-title":"Adrenal androgens in patients with chronic marked elevation of prolactin","volume":"8","author":"Parker","year":"1978","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib287","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2014.02.010","article-title":"Development of adrenal cortical zonation and expression of key elements of adrenal androgen production in the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) from birth to adulthood","volume":"387","author":"Parker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib288","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.3109\/07435800009048564","article-title":"The localization of DHEA sulfotransferase in steroidogenic and steroid metabolizing tissues of the adult rhesus macaque monkey","volume":"26","author":"Parker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib289","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1995.tb17399.x-i1","article-title":"Effect of TGF-\u03b2 on dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase in cultured human fetal adrenal cells","volume":"774","author":"Parker","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.3109\/07435809809032668","article-title":"Effects of ACTH and cytokines on dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase messenger RNA in human adrenal cells","volume":"24","author":"Parker","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endocr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib291","article-title":"Human adrenal gland cortical androgen-stimulating hormone (CASH) is identical with a portion of the joining peptide of pituitary pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)","author":"Parker","year":"1989","journal-title":"71st Annu. Meet Endocr. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib292","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)91974-1","article-title":"Adrenocortical androgen stimulating hormone","volume":"2","author":"Parker","year":"1980","journal-title":"Lancet Lond. Engl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib293","first-page":"E616","article-title":"Evidence for existence of cortical androgen-stimulating hormone","volume":"236","author":"Parker","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib294","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-46-3-396","article-title":"The adrenarche: prolactin, gonadotropins, adrenal androgens, and cortisol","volume":"46","author":"Parker","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-08-0554","article-title":"Plasticity of the zona reticularis in the adult marmoset adrenal cortex: voyages of discovery in the New World","volume":"203","author":"Pattison","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib296","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-0689","article-title":"Male marmoset monkeys express an adrenal fetal zone at birth, but not a zona reticularis in adulthood","volume":"146","author":"Pattison","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib297","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2006.12.023","article-title":"Gender and gonadal status differences in zona reticularis expression in marmoset monkey adrenals: cytochrome b5 localization with respect to cytochrome P450 17,20-lyase activity","volume":"265\u2013266","author":"Pattison","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib298","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1710373","article-title":"Immunoelectron microscopic localization of three key steroidogenic enzymes (cytochrome P450(scc), 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and cytochrome P450(c17)) in rat adrenal cortex and gonads","volume":"171","author":"Pelletier","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-72-1-23","article-title":"Human proopiomelanocortin-(79\u201396), a proposed cortical androgen- stimulating hormone, does not affect steroidogenesis in cultured human adult adrenal cells","volume":"72","author":"Penhoat","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3510067","article-title":"Human 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoforms (AKR1C1-AKR1C4) of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily: functional plasticity and tissue distribution reveals roles in the inactivation and formation of male and female sex hormones","volume":"351","author":"Penning","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2019.105499","article-title":"Intracrinology-revisited and prostate cancer","volume":"196","author":"Penning","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib302","first-page":"608","article-title":"Actions of placental and fetal adrenal steroid hormones in primate pregnancy","volume":"16","author":"Pepe","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2009.03.006","article-title":"New insights on the neuroprotective role of sterols and sex steroids: the seladin-1\/DHCR24 paradigm","volume":"30","author":"Peri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Front. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2675","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-123-6-2675","article-title":"Quantification of P450scc, P450(17) alpha, and iron sulfur protein reductase in Leydig cells and adrenals of inbred strains of mice","volume":"123","author":"Perkins","year":"1988","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2012.01.023","article-title":"Local renin\u2013angiotensin systems in the adrenal gland","volume":"34","author":"Peters","year":"2012","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib306","series-title":"Frontiers of Hormone Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1159\/000494903","article-title":"Androgens in congenital adrenal hyperplasia","author":"Pignatelli","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.1.06972","article-title":"Adrenarche in the rat","volume":"191","author":"Pignatelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib308","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.107524","article-title":"Beta-catenin causes adrenal hyperplasia by blocking zonal transdifferentiation","volume":"31","author":"Pignatti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib309","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2015.00027","article-title":"Adrenocortical zonation, renewal, and remodeling","volume":"6","author":"Pihlajoki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2012-1892","article-title":"Conditional mutagenesis of Gata6 in SF1-positive cells causes gonadal-like differentiation in the adrenal cortex of mice","author":"Pihlajoki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1003160","article-title":"Insulin and IGF1 receptors are essential for XX and XY gonadal differentiation and adrenal development in mice","volume":"9","author":"Pitetti","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.22387","article-title":"Androgens and innate immunity in rehabilitated semi-captive orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus morio) from Malaysian Borneo","volume":"77","author":"Prall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib313","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11128","article-title":"The bonobo genome compared with the chimpanzee and human genomes","volume":"486","author":"Pr\u00fcfer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib314","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.20603","article-title":"Mechanisms of digoxin and digitoxin on the production of corticosterone in zona fasciculata-reticularis cells of ovariectomized rats","volume":"97","author":"Pu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2015.09.044","article-title":"The feto-placental unit, and potential roles of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in prenatal and postnatal brain development: a re-examination using the spiny mouse","volume":"160","author":"Quinn","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib316","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2012-1953","article-title":"Ontogeny of the adrenal gland in the spiny mouse, with particular reference to production of the steroids cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone","volume":"154","author":"Quinn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-2760(02)00609-4","article-title":"Dissecting human adrenal androgen production","volume":"13","author":"Rainey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1081\/ERC-120016974","article-title":"The adrenal genetic puzzle: how do the fetal and adult pieces differ?","volume":"28","author":"Rainey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib319","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2019.04.005","article-title":"Circulating 11-oxygenated androgens across species","volume":"190","author":"Rege","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4585","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-2864","article-title":"Age-dependent increases in adrenal cytochrome b5 and serum 5-Androstenediol-3-sulfate","volume":"101","author":"Rege","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E518","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-3198","article-title":"Transcriptome profiling reveals differentially expressed transcripts between the human adrenal zona fasciculata and zona reticularis","volume":"99","author":"Rege","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib322","article-title":"Transcriptome profiling reveals differentially expressed transcripts between the human adrenal zona fasciculata and zona reticularis","author":"Rege","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib323","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2530","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1942","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4): a paracrine regulator of human adrenal C19 steroid synthesis","volume":"156","author":"Rege","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib324","first-page":"4589","article-title":"11-Ketotestosterone is the dominant circulating bioactive androgen during normal and premature adrenarche","volume":"103","author":"Rege","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-861551","article-title":"Sex differences in adrenal androgens","volume":"22","author":"Rehman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(77)81244-4","article-title":"Secretion of the adrenal androgen, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, during normal infancy, childhood, and adolescence, in sick infants, and in children with endocrinologic abnormalities","volume":"90","author":"Reiter","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib327","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1571","article-title":"Urinary markers of adrenarche: reference values in healthy subjects, aged 3-18 years","volume":"90","author":"Remer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib328","first-page":"3936","article-title":"Role of nutritional status in the regulation of adrenarche","volume":"84","author":"Remer","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib329","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-52-6-1129","article-title":"Adrenarche: changing adrenal response to adrenocorticotropin","volume":"52","author":"Rich","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(71)80111-7","article-title":"Plasma 17-ketosteroids and 17-beta hydroxysteroids in girls with premature development of sexual hair","volume":"79","author":"Rosenfield","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-33-2-249","article-title":"Plasma 17-ketosteroids and testosterone in prepubertal children before and after ACTH administration","volume":"33","author":"Rosenfield","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib332","first-page":"225","article-title":"Les mutations activatrices de la PKA alt\u00e8rent les fonctions exocrines et endocrines de l\u2019ovaire : exemple d\u2019un mod\u00e8le murin de complexe de Carney","volume":"79","author":"Roumeau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Endocrinol., 35\u00e8me Congr\u00e8s de la Soc. Fran\u00e7aise d\u2019Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib333","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)69857-6","article-title":"Metabolism of C-16-oxygenated steroids by human placenta: the formation of estriol","volume":"234","author":"Ryan","year":"1959","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib334","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-009-1076-2","article-title":"Steroid hormones affect binding of the sigma ligand 11C-SA4503 in tumour cells and tumour-bearing rats","volume":"36","author":"Rybczynska","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.23064","article-title":"Human-like adrenal development in wild chimpanzees: a longitudinal study of urinary dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate and cortisol","volume":"82","author":"Sabbi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib336","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-021115-105323","article-title":"Glucocorticoid signaling: an update from a genomic perspective","volume":"78","author":"Sacta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib337","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10939","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.24.10939","article-title":"Mice deficient in the orphan receptor steroidogenic factor 1 lack adrenal glands and gonads but express P450 side-chain-cleavage enzyme in the placenta and have normal embryonic serum levels of corticosteroids","volume":"92","author":"Sadovsky","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. Unit. States Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib338","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000980","article-title":"Cushing's syndrome and fetal features resurgence in adrenal cortex\u2013specific Prkar1a knockout mice","volume":"6","author":"Sahut-Barnola","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib424","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2003-0332","article-title":"Steroid Sulfotransferase 2A1 gene transcription is regulated by Steroidogenic Factor 1 and GATA-6 in the human adrenal","volume":"19","author":"Saner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib339","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1590\/1519-6984.23514","article-title":"Adrenal glands of Spix's yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii, Wagler, 1831): morphological and morphometric aspects","volume":"76","author":"Santos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Braz. J. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib340","first-page":"891","article-title":"Immunolocalization of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase in normal and pathologic human adrenal gland","volume":"8","author":"Sasano","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol. Off. J. U. S. Can. Acad. Pathol. Inc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/gene.10235","article-title":"Pbx1 is essential for adrenal development and urogenital differentiation","volume":"37","author":"Schnabel","year":"2003","journal-title":"genesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib342","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3605","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-1619","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase (SULT2A1) by estrogen-related receptor \u03b1","volume":"146","author":"Seely","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib343","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2012-1369","article-title":"SULT2B1b sulfotransferase: induction by vitamin D receptor and reduced expression in prostate cancer","volume":"27","author":"Seo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib344","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.20541","article-title":"The influence of age on fecal steroid hormone levels in male Budongo Forest chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)","volume":"70","author":"Seraphin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.43.030181.001041","article-title":"The fetal adrenal gland","volume":"43","author":"Ser\u00f3n-Ferr\u00e9","year":"1981","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib346","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6536","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111408200","article-title":"Association of multiple developmental defects and embryonic lethality with loss of microsomal NADPH-cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase","volume":"277","author":"Shen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib347","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1020277","article-title":"Adrenal changes in genetically hypothyroid mice","volume":"102","author":"Shire","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib348","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3449","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-0044","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone modulates endothelial nitric oxide synthesis via direct genomic and nongenomic mechanisms","volume":"144","author":"Simoncini","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib349","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-59-4-643","article-title":"Characterization of steroidogenesis in cell cultures of the human fetal adrenal cortex: comparison of definitive zone and fetal zone cells","volume":"59","author":"Simonian","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-108-5-1769","article-title":"Regulation of the fetal human adrenal cortex: effects of adrenocorticotropin on growth and function of monolayer cultures of fetal and definitive zone cells","volume":"108","author":"Simonian","year":"1981","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib351","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0141252","article-title":"Mechanistic scrutiny identifies a kinetic role for cytochrome b5 regulation of human cytochrome P450c17 (CYP17A1, P450 17A1)","volume":"10","author":"Simonov","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib352","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4589","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.11.8547","article-title":"Minireview: aromatase and the regulation of estrogen biosynthesis\u2014some new perspectives","volume":"142","author":"Simpson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib353","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-51-3-548","article-title":"Evidence for dissociation between adrenarche and gonadarche: studies in patients with idiopathic precocious puberty, gonadal dysgenesis, isolated gonadotropin deficiency, and constitutionally delayed growth and adolescence","volume":"51","author":"Sklar","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib354","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-111-3-844","article-title":"Further studies on adrenarche in nonhuman primates","volume":"111","author":"Smail","year":"1982","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-68-5-932","article-title":"Relationship between insulin, insulin-like growth factor I, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentrations during childhood, puberty, and adult life","volume":"68","author":"Smith","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib356","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42549","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M107557200","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase gene induction by bile acid activated farnesoid X receptor","volume":"276","author":"Song","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib357","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13801","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.212494599","article-title":"Regulation of a xenobiotic sulfonation cascade by nuclear pregnane X receptor (PXR)","volume":"99","author":"Sonoda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib358","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2014.00101","article-title":"Testosterone increases circulating dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels in the male rhesus macaque","volume":"5","author":"Sorwell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib359","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2012.11.020","article-title":"Cytochrome b5: novel roles in steroidogenesis","volume":"371","author":"Storbeck","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2001-0040","article-title":"Sulfonation and molecular action","volume":"23","author":"Strott","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib361","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2832949","article-title":"Steroid binding at sigma receptors suggests a link between endocrine, nervous, and immune systems","volume":"240","author":"Su","year":"1988","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib362","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(85)90061-5","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies against bovine adrenal cytochrome P-450(11 beta) and cytochrome P-450SCC. Their isolation, characterization and application to immunohistochemical analysis of adrenal cortex","volume":"23","author":"Sugano","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib363","first-page":"759","article-title":"Differentiation of the fetal adrenal cortex of rats--its experimental observation in vivo","volume":"27","author":"Sugihara","year":"1977","journal-title":"Acta Pathol. Jpn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib364","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1993.tb01658.x","article-title":"Immunohistochemical localization of \u03b1 and \u03d5 class glutathione transferases in normal human tissues","volume":"72","author":"Sundberg","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2000.01144.x","article-title":"Developmental changes in steroidogenic enzymes in human postnatal adrenal cortex: immunohistochemical studies","volume":"53","author":"Suzuki","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/46.4.523","article-title":"Serum dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and pregnenolone sulfate concentrations in patients with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism","volume":"46","author":"Tagawa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib366","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1007\/s10764-018-0026-x","article-title":"Development and validation of an enzyme immunoassay for fecal dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata)","volume":"39","author":"Takeshita","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib367","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.22295","article-title":"Environmental, biological, and social factors influencing fecal adrenal steroid concentrations in female Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata)","volume":"76","author":"Takeshita","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib368","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2013.05.019","article-title":"The influence of age and season on fecal dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS) concentrations in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata)","volume":"191","author":"Takeshita","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib369","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1007\/s00360-019-01235-7","article-title":"Developmental changes in the endocrine stress response in orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus)","volume":"189","author":"Takeshita","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14542","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-32870-9","article-title":"Involvement of DHH and GLI1 in adrenocortical autograft regeneration in rats","volume":"8","author":"Takizawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1538\/expanim.44.285","article-title":"Comparison of adrenocortical zonation in C57BL\/6J and DDD mice","volume":"44","author":"Tanaka","year":"1995","journal-title":"Exp. Anim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib372","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI127429","article-title":"Chemogenetic activation of adrenocortical Gq signaling causes hyperaldosteronism and disrupts functional zonation","volume":"130","author":"Taylor","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib373","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2667","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-1527","article-title":"Pathways leading to phosphorylation of P450c17 and to the posttranslational regulation of androgen biosynthesis","volume":"149","author":"Tee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib374","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23903","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.460048","article-title":"Phosphorylation of human cytochrome P450c17 by p38\u03b1 selectively increases 17,20 lyase activity and androgen biosynthesis","volume":"288","author":"Tee","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21072545","article-title":"Human DENND1A.V2 drives Cyp17a1 expression and androgen production in mouse ovaries and adrenals","volume":"21","author":"Teves","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib376","first-page":"1273","article-title":"Serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels as an individual marker","volume":"79","author":"Thomas","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib377","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E31","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0692","article-title":"Cortisol stimulates secretion of dehydroepiandrosterone in human adrenocortical cells through inhibition of 3\u03b2HSD2","volume":"96","author":"Topor","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib378","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2960","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2011.02523.x","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)\u2014a precursor steroid or an active hormone in human physiology (CME)","volume":"8","author":"Traish","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Sex. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib379","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1159\/000486036","article-title":"The rise, fall, and resurrection of 11-oxygenated androgens in human physiology and disease","volume":"89","author":"Turcu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Horm. Res. Paediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-15-1181","article-title":"Adrenal-derived 11-oxygenated 19-carbon steroids are the dominant androgens in classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"174","author":"Turcu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068691","article-title":"Differential regulation of human 3\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 for steroid hormone biosynthesis by starvation and cyclic amp stimulation: studies in the human adrenal NCI-H295R cell model","volume":"8","author":"Udhane","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib382","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10132","DOI":"10.1038\/srep10132","article-title":"Retinoic acid receptor beta and angiopoietin-like protein 1 are involved in the regulation of human androgen biosynthesis","volume":"5","author":"Udhane","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib383","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.004390","article-title":"Adrenal development is initiated by Cited2 and Wt1 through modulation of Sf-1 dosage","volume":"134","author":"Val","year":"2007","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib384","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(92)90204-3","article-title":"Adrenal glands of mouse and rat do not synthesize androgens","volume":"50","author":"van Weerden","year":"1992","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2016.00238","article-title":"Functional zonation of the adult mammalian adrenal cortex","volume":"10","author":"Vinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib386","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(76)90103-5","article-title":"Production of testosterone and corticosteroids by the rat adrenal gland incubated in vitro and the effects of stimulation with ACTH, LH and FSH","volume":"7","author":"Vinson","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib387","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-978898","article-title":"The adrenal renin\/angiotensin system in the rat","volume":"30","author":"Vinson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Horm. Metab. Res. Horm. Stoffwechselforschung Horm. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib388","first-page":"340","article-title":"In vitro modification of rat adrenal zona fasciculata\/reticularis function by the zona glomerulosa","volume":"81","author":"Vinson","year":"1976","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib389","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(78)90122-X","article-title":"The effect of sex and strain of rats on the in vitro response of adrenocortical tissue of ACTH stimulation","volume":"9","author":"Vinson","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(78)90181-4","article-title":"Steroid 17-hydroxylation and androgen production by incubated rat adrenal tissue","volume":"9","author":"Vinson","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib391","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(87)90377-3","article-title":"The effect of ACTH therapy on serum dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, testosterone and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone in infants","volume":"28","author":"Voutilainen","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib392","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8411","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.16.8411","article-title":"Three-dimensional structure of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase: prototype for FMN- and FAD-containing enzymes","volume":"94","author":"Wang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib393","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-7207(00)00404-4","article-title":"Differentially expressed genes in zona reticularis cells of the human adrenal cortex","volume":"173","author":"Wang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib394","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1086\/323473","article-title":"Mutations in the 3\u03b2-hydroxysterol \u039424-reductase gene cause desmosterolosis, an autosomal recessive disorder of cholesterol biosynthesis","volume":"69","author":"Waterham","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1080\/03602530600569877","article-title":"The biological actions of dehydroepiandrosterone involves multiple receptors","volume":"38","author":"Webb","year":"2006","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib396","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.1580969.x","article-title":"Diminished adrenal androgen secretion in familial glucocorticoid deficiency implicates a significant role for ACTH in the induction of adrenarche","volume":"46","author":"Weber","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib397","article-title":"Beyond glucocorticoids: integrating dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) into animal Welfare research","volume":"10","author":"Whitham","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anim. Open Access J. MDPI"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib398","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-861546","article-title":"Is there a receptor for dehydroepiandrosterone or dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate?","volume":"22","author":"Widstrom","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib399","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2013.10.004","article-title":"Age- and gender-associated changes in the concentrations of serum TGF-1\u03b2, DHEA-S and IGF-1 in healthy captive baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis)","volume":"195","author":"Willis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib400","first-page":"4220","article-title":"Lymphocytes stimulate dehydroepiandrosterone production through direct cellular contact with adrenal zona reticularis cells: a novel mechanism of immune-endocrine interaction 1","volume":"84","author":"Wolkersd\u00f6rfer","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib401","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1995.tb17403.x-i1","article-title":"Antidepressant and cognition-enhancing effects of DHEA in major depression","volume":"774","author":"Wolkowitz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib402","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(96)00043-1","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) treatment of depression","volume":"41","author":"Wolkowitz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib403","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2015-1351","article-title":"A direct role for thyroid hormone in development of the adrenal cortex","volume":"156","author":"Wondisford","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib404","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4397","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.139.10.6230","article-title":"Development of adrenal zonation in fetal rats defined by expression of aldosterone synthase and 11beta-hydroxylase","volume":"139","author":"Wotus","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03173","article-title":"Regulation of cellular response to oncogenic and oxidative stress by Seladin-1","volume":"432","author":"Wu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib406","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1002\/gene.10214","article-title":"Conditional knockout of the mouse NADPH-cytochrome p450 reductase gene","volume":"36","author":"Wu","year":"2003","journal-title":"genesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib407","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.45.89","article-title":"Immunohistochemical study of cytochrome b5 in human adrenal gland and in adrenocortical adenomas from patients with Cushing's syndrome","volume":"45","author":"Yanase","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endocr. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib408","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1995.tb17377.x","article-title":"Replacement of DHEA in aging men and women. Potential remedial effects","volume":"774","author":"Yen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib409","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(91)90511-C","article-title":"Isolation, characterization, and chromosomal mapping of mouse P450 17 alpha-hydroxylase\/C17-20 lyase","volume":"10","author":"Youngblood","year":"1991","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22276","article-title":"Effects of evodiamine and rutaecarpine on the secretion of corticosterone by zona fasciculata-reticularis cells in male rats","volume":"108","author":"Yu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib411","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2013.09.002","article-title":"Desmosterol and DHCR24: unexpected new directions for a terminal step in cholesterol synthesis","volume":"52","author":"Zerenturk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib412","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002025","article-title":"Eight common genetic variants associated with serum DHEAS levels suggest a key role in ageing mechanisms","volume":"7","author":"Zhai","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib413","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10619","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.23.10619","article-title":"Serine phosphorylation of human P450c17 increases 17,20-lyase activity: implications for adrenarche and the polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"92","author":"Zhang","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib414","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2019.01.020","article-title":"Oxidative stress increases the 17,20-lyase-catalyzing activity of adrenal P450c17 through p38\u03b1 in the development of hyperandrogenism","volume":"484","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.20175","article-title":"Fecal steroid research in the field and laboratory: improved methods for storage, transport, processing, and analysis","volume":"67","author":"Ziegler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib416","series-title":"Great Ape Societies","first-page":"293","article-title":"Reconstructions reconsidered: chimpanzee models and human evolution","author":"Zihlman","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib417","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4111","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00222-06","article-title":"Two-step regulation of Ad4BP\/SF-1 gene transcription during fetal adrenal development: initiation by a hox-pbx1-prep1 complex and maintenance via autoregulation by Ad4BP\/SF-1","volume":"26","author":"Zubair","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib418","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7030","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00900-08","article-title":"Developmental links between the fetal and adult zones of the adrenal cortex revealed by lineage tracing","volume":"28","author":"Zubair","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239_bib419","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3535074","article-title":"Expression of bovine 17 alpha-hydroxylase cytochrome P-450 cDNA in nonsteroidogenic (COS 1) cells","volume":"234","author":"Zuber","year":"1986","journal-title":"Science"}],"container-title":["Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0303720721000836?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0303720721000836?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T14:16:15Z","timestamp":1759587375000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0303720721000836"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"references-count":425,"alternative-id":["S0303720721000836"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239","relation":{},"ISSN":["0303-7207"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0303-7207","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Adrenal androgens, adrenarche, and zona reticularis: A human affair?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111239","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111239"}}