{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T15:47:48Z","timestamp":1782488868913,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medical Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]],"date-time":"2013-10-18T22:00:35Z","timestamp":1382133635000},"page":"103-118","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Other Liver Lesions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Reena","family":"Salgia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit G.","family":"Singal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2893","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25516","article-title":"Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008","volume":"127","author":"Ferlay","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.12.061","article-title":"Epidemiology of viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"142","author":"El-Serag","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2557","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.04.061","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiology and molecular carcinogenesis","volume":"132","author":"El-Serag","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.20.7753","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma incidence, mortality, and survival trends in the United States from 1975 to 2005","volume":"27","author":"Altekruse","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290145","article-title":"Natural history of untreated nonsurgical hepatocellular carcinoma: rationale for the design and evaluation of therapeutic trials","volume":"29","author":"Llovet","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24710","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma confirmation, treatment, and survival in surveillance, epidemiology, and end results registries, 1992-2008","volume":"55","author":"Altekruse","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e32835ff1cf","article-title":"Recent advances in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"29","author":"Padhya","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: an update","volume":"53","author":"Bruix","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.08.019","article-title":"Cirrhosis is present in most patients with hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510270140","article-title":"Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"27","author":"Collier","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.09.014","article-title":"Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and associated risk factors in hepatitis C-related advanced liver disease","volume":"136","author":"Lok","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2009.11.018","article-title":"A\u00a0sustained viral response is associated with reduced liver-related morbidity and mortality in patients with hepatitis C virus","volume":"8","author":"Singal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19880515)61:10<1942::AID-CNCR2820611003>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus. The major etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"61","author":"Beasley","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2003.10.065","article-title":"Diabetes increases the risk of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"126","author":"El-Serag","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.10.005","article-title":"Alcohol, tobacco and obesity are synergistic risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"42","author":"Marrero","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2012.11.029","article-title":"Improving screening for hepatocellular carcinoma by incorporating data on levels of alpha-fetoprotein, over time","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S984","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(12)63814-1","article-title":"Machine learning algorithms outperform conventional regression models in identifying risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"142","author":"Singal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50093","article-title":"Prospective analysis of risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"37","author":"Velazquez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00130-1","article-title":"Clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusions of the Barcelona-2000 EASL conference. European Association for the Study of the Liver","volume":"35","author":"Bruix","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-004-0552-0","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of screening for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"130","author":"Zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.230508","article-title":"Effectiveness of AFP and ultrasound tests on hepatocellular carcinoma mortality in HCV-infected patients in the USA","volume":"60","author":"El-Serag","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05557.x","article-title":"Semiannual and annual surveillance of cirrhotic patients for hepatocellular carcinoma: effects on cancer stage and patient survival (Italian experience)","volume":"97","author":"Trevisani","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2007.01576.x","article-title":"Surveillance programme for hepatocellular carcinoma improves the survival of patients with chronic viral hepatitis","volume":"28","author":"Wong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-154-2-201101180-00006","article-title":"Utilization of surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma among hepatitis C virus-infected veterans in the United States","volume":"154","author":"Davila","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23615","article-title":"Use of surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with cirrhosis in the United States","volume":"52","author":"Davila","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-011-1952-x","article-title":"Utilization of hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance among American patients: a systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Singal","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2009.04014.x","article-title":"Meta-analysis: surveillance with ultrasound for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"30","author":"Singal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-11-1005","article-title":"Effectiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"21","author":"Singal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.449","article-title":"Detection of hepatocellular carcinoma at advanced stages among patients in the HALT-C trial: where did surveillance fail?","volume":"108","author":"Singal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.04.005","article-title":"Alpha-fetoprotein, des-gamma carboxyprothrombin, and lectin-bound alpha-fetoprotein in early hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"137","author":"Marrero","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0096(199807\/08)26:6<303::AID-JCU4>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Sonographic appearances of small hepatic nodules without tumor stain on contrast-enhanced computed tomography and angiography","volume":"26","author":"Iwasaki","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.178.6.1781327","article-title":"Small (<20 mm) enhancing hepatic nodules seen on arterial phase MR imaging of the cirrhotic liver: clinical implications","volume":"178","author":"Jeong","year":"2002","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21966","article-title":"Diagnosis of hepatic nodules 20 mm or smaller in cirrhosis: prospective validation of the noninvasive diagnostic criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"47","author":"Forner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20636","article-title":"Prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison of 7 staging systems in an American cohort","volume":"41","author":"Marrero","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19950501)75:9<2220::AID-CNCR2820750906>3.0.CO;2-4","article-title":"Etiologic factors and clinical presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Differences between cirrhotic and noncirrhotic Italian patients","volume":"75","author":"Trevisani","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510310211","article-title":"Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma increases the chance of treatment: Hong Kong experience","volume":"31","author":"Yuen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-12-0046","article-title":"Failure rates in the hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance process","volume":"5","author":"Singal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Prev Res (Phila)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.216.3.r00se24698","article-title":"Extrahepatic metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"216","author":"Katyal","year":"2000","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.2930360107","article-title":"Primary liver cancer: pattern of metastasis","volume":"36","author":"Lee","year":"1987","journal-title":"J\u00a0Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib40","first-page":"1315","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with paraneoplastic syndromes","volume":"49","author":"Luo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2009.04218.x","article-title":"The clinical presentation and prognostic factors for intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in a tertiary care centre","volume":"31","author":"Singal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.04.008","article-title":"Efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiation, followed by liver transplantation, for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma at 12 US centers","volume":"143","author":"Darwish Murad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-013-2626-9","article-title":"Improved post-transplant survival in the United States for patients with cholangiocarcinoma after 2000","author":"Salgia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.annonc.a010676","article-title":"Chemotherapy improves survival and quality of life in advanced pancreatic and biliary cancer","volume":"7","author":"Glimelius","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib45","first-page":"129","article-title":"Focal liver lesions evaluated by MR imaging","volume":"12","author":"Bilgili","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diagn Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1080\/13651820500273624","article-title":"Focal nodular hyperplasia: what are the indications for resection?","volume":"7","author":"Hsee","year":"2005","journal-title":"HPB (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.8762","article-title":"Systematic review of haemorrhage and rupture of hepatocellular adenomas","volume":"99","author":"van Aalten","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2010.00222.x","article-title":"Malignant transformation of hepatocellular adenomas into hepatocellular carcinomas: a systematic review including more than 1600 adenoma cases","volume":"12","author":"Stoot","year":"2010","journal-title":"HPB (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib49","first-page":"825","article-title":"Selective management of hepatic adenomas","volume":"62","author":"Ault","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1159\/000268406","article-title":"Subtype classification of hepatocellular adenoma","volume":"27","author":"Bioulac-Sage","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dig Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.02.032","article-title":"Hepatocellular benign tumors\u2014from molecular classification to personalized clinical care","volume":"144","author":"Nault","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/S1064-9689(21)00274-9","article-title":"Imaging of benign and malignant focal liver lesions","volume":"9","author":"Martin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2586(199908)10:2<196::AID-JMRI14>3.0.CO;2-R","article-title":"Biliary hamartomas: solitary and multiple lesions shown on current MR techniques including gadolinium enhancement","volume":"10","author":"Semelka","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-4-80","article-title":"Modern management of pyogenic hepatic abscess: a case series and review of the literature","volume":"4","author":"Heneghan","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.3109\/03009738809178554","article-title":"Infected echinococcal cyst. A common cause of pyogenic hepatic abscess","volume":"93","author":"Karavias","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ups J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199902000-00008","article-title":"Risk of major liver resection in patients with underlying chronic liver disease: a reappraisal","volume":"229","author":"Farges","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.7456","article-title":"Increase in future remnant liver function after preoperative portal vein embolization","volume":"98","author":"de Graaf","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300629","article-title":"Intention-to-treat analysis of surgical treatment for early hepatocellular carcinoma: resection versus transplantation","volume":"30","author":"Llovet","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-006-9156-z","article-title":"Optimal initial treatment for early hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with preserved liver function: transplantation or resection?","volume":"14","author":"Poon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000801)89:3<500::AID-CNCR4>3.0.CO;2-O","article-title":"Different risk factors and prognosis for early and late intrahepatic recurrence after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"89","author":"Poon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000197706.21803.a1","article-title":"Early and late recurrence after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: prognostic and therapeutic implications","volume":"243","author":"Portolani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181961c16","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective, randomized, controlled trial of preoperative transarterial chemoembolization for resectable large hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"249","author":"Zhou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21738","article-title":"Improved results of transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a report from the International Registry of Hepatic Tumors in Liver Transplantation","volume":"15","author":"Onaca","year":"2009","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2644","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2006.01509.x","article-title":"Transarterial chemoembolization as a bridge to liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: an evidence-based analysis","volume":"6","author":"Lesurtel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2010.03037.x","article-title":"Liver transplantation in the United States, 1999-2008","volume":"10","author":"Thuluvath","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.24563","article-title":"Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: expansion of the tumor size limits does not adversely impact survival","volume":"33","author":"Yao","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70284-5","article-title":"Predicting survival after liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma beyond the Milan criteria: a retrospective, exploratory analysis","volume":"10","author":"Mazzaferro","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2007.02138.x","article-title":"A\u00a0novel model measuring the harm of transplanting hepatocellular carcinoma exceeding Milan criteria","volume":"8","author":"Volk","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S44","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.22365","article-title":"Milan criteria in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: an evidence-based analysis of 15 years of experience","volume":"17","author":"Mazzaferro","year":"2011","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22412","article-title":"Excellent outcome following down-staging of hepatocellular carcinoma prior to liver transplantation: an intention-to-treat analysis","volume":"48","author":"Yao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520701885481","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation versus ethanol injection for early hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"43","author":"Brunello","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.003","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation improves prognosis compared with ethanol injection for hepatocellular carcinoma < or\u00a0= 4 cm","volume":"127","author":"Lin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.045203","article-title":"Randomised controlled trial comparing percutaneous radiofrequency thermal ablation, percutaneous ethanol injection, and percutaneous acetic acid injection to treat hepatocellular carcinoma of 3 cm or less","volume":"54","author":"Lin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.214.3.r00mr02761","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma: radio-frequency ablation of medium and large lesions","volume":"214","author":"Livraghi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.04.009","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized controlled trial of radiofrequency ablation with ethanol injection for small hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"129","author":"Shiina","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22648","article-title":"Systematic review of randomized trials for hepatocellular carcinoma treated with percutaneous ablation therapies","volume":"49","author":"Cho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000201480.65519.b8","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective randomized trial comparing percutaneous local ablative therapy and partial hepatectomy for small hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"243","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000167925.90380.fe","article-title":"Percutaneous ethanol injection versus surgical resection for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective study","volume":"242","author":"Huang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib79","first-page":"801","article-title":"Surgical resection versus percutaneous thermal ablation for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"86","author":"Lu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2009.01.016","article-title":"Hepatic resection versus radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic individuals not candidates for liver transplantation: a Markov model decision analysis","volume":"198","author":"Molinari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08649-X","article-title":"Arterial embolisation or chemoembolisation versus symptomatic treatment in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"359","author":"Llovet","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib82","first-page":"820","article-title":"Post embolization syndrome in doxorubicin eluting chemoembolization with DC bead","volume":"59","author":"Pomoni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-009-9711-7","article-title":"Prospective randomized study of doxorubicin-eluting-bead embolization in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: results of the PRECISION V study","volume":"33","author":"Lammer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.01.008","article-title":"Survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated by transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) using drug eluting Beads. Implications for clinical practice and trial design","volume":"56","author":"Burrel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.09.006","article-title":"Radioembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma using yttrium-90 microspheres: a comprehensive report of long-term outcomes","volume":"138","author":"Salem","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.10.049","article-title":"Radioembolization results in longer time-to-progression and reduced toxicity compared with chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"140","author":"Salem","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0708857","article-title":"Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"359","author":"Llovet","year":"2008","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2012.02940.x","article-title":"First interim analysis of the GIDEON (Global Investigation of therapeutic decisions in hepatocellular carcinoma and of its treatment with sorafenib) non-interventional study","volume":"66","author":"Lencioni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31818ddfc6","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in consideration of concomitant stage of liver cirrhosis","volume":"43","author":"Worns","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib90","article-title":"Phase III trial of sunitinib (Su) versus sorafenib (So) in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)","volume":"29S","author":"Cheng","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-11-1991","article-title":"Phase II, open-label study of brivanib as second-line therapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"18","author":"Finn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-10-2011","article-title":"Phase II, open-label study of brivanib as first-line therapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"17","author":"Park","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"}],"container-title":["Medical Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0025712513001272?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0025712513001272?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]],"date-time":"2022-03-09T17:06:38Z","timestamp":1646845598000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0025712513001272"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0025712513001272"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-7125"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-7125","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}}}