{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:03:29Z","timestamp":1790352209546,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":181,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031478","name":"NextGenerationEU","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["mcponline.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular & Cellular Proteomics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T23:20:32Z","timestamp":1785885632000},"page":"101633","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sugar-Coded Signals: Glycan-Based Biomarkers in Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Michal","family":"Hires","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Hroncekova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8647-7165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viera","family":"Dujni\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronika","family":"Solovicova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronika Pinkova","family":"Gajdosova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduard","family":"Jane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenka","family":"Lorencova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Bertok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alica","family":"Vikartovska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Datkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4557-1408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Kasak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radek","family":"Kucera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0765-7262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Tkac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262110594","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis: biomarkers and the latest breakthroughs","volume":"26","author":"Xue","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/00045632241285843","article-title":"Biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis and management of rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive review","volume":"62","author":"Sahin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103912","article-title":"Gut microbiota in rheumatoid arthritis: mechanistic insights, clinical biomarkers, and translational perspectives","volume":"24","author":"Qi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2025.e41983","article-title":"Exosomal miRNAs involvement in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"11","author":"Sadeghi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2024.123075","article-title":"Genetics, epigenetics and autoimmunity constitute a Bermuda triangle for the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"357","author":"Srivastava","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Advances in understanding preclinical rheumatoid arthritis and prospects for prevention: Rheumatoid arthritis in 2025","volume":"22","author":"Hitchon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01525-8","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"402","author":"Di Matteo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e594","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(23)00211-4","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of rheumatoid arthritis, 1990\u20132020, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021","volume":"5","author":"Black","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s12014-023-09395-z","article-title":"Changes of serum IgG glycosylation patterns in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"20","author":"Deng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036","article-title":"A review on the epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis: an update and trends from current literature","volume":"39","author":"Uke","year":"2025","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e351","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(23)00094-2","article-title":"Pain in the joints and beyond; the challenge of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"5","author":"Taylor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13090743","article-title":"Clinical phenotypes, serological biomarkers, and synovial features defining seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis: a literature review","volume":"13","author":"Perera","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38927","article-title":"To what extent is the familial risk of rheumatoid arthritis explained by established rheumatoid arthritis risk factors?","volume":"67","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206133","article-title":"Familial aggregation of arthritis-related diseases in seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis: a register-based case-control study in Sweden","volume":"75","author":"Frisell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42098","article-title":"IgG anti\u2013citrullinated protein antibody variable domain glycosylation increases before the onset of rheumatoid arthritis and stabilizes thereafter: a cross-sectional study encompassing \u223c1,500 samples","volume":"74","author":"Kissel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202408769","article-title":"Fc proteoforms of ACPA IgG discriminate autoimmune responses in plasma and synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients and associate with disease activity","volume":"12","author":"Bl\u00f6chl","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2103726","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis\u2014common origins, divergent mechanisms","volume":"388","author":"Gravallese","year":"2023","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.142133","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis: state of the art and future perspectives","volume":"70","author":"Kitas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204021","article-title":"Mortality in rheumatoid arthritis: the impact of disease activity, treatment with glucocorticoids, TNF\u03b1 inhibitors and rituximab","volume":"74","author":"Listing","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13040870","article-title":"New cardiovascular risk biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis: implications and clinical utility\u2014A narrative review","volume":"13","author":"Pamies","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22039","article-title":"The risk of venous thromboembolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"65","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-023-01288-7","article-title":"Stroke risk in rheumatoid arthritis patients: exploring connections and implications for patient care","volume":"24","author":"Al-Ewaidat","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-026-01386-2","article-title":"The evolving comorbidity landscape of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"22","author":"Brooks","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.31138\/mjr.20230801.oo","article-title":"Overview of rheumatoid arthritis and scientific understanding of the disease","volume":"34","author":"Jahid","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mediterr. J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2023.103407","article-title":"A global assessment of incidence trends of autoimmune diseases from 1990 to 2019 and predicted changes to 2040","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-026-01376-4","article-title":"Sex and gender differences in rheumatology: clinical impact and future directions","volume":"22","author":"Pierdominici","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2025-005778","article-title":"Windows for intervention in the prearthritis phase of rheumatoid arthritis? A narrative review of key triggering events and potential preventive strategies","volume":"11","author":"Kastbom","year":"2025","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib28","first-page":"1","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms and risk factors in rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive review","volume":"34","author":"Kumar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abq8476","article-title":"Oral mucosal breaks trigger anti-citrullinated bacterial and human protein antibody responses in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"15","author":"Brewer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000001006","article-title":"Autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis\u2013rheumatoid factor, anticitrullinated protein antibodies and beyond","volume":"36","author":"Steiner","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.1","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"4","author":"Smolen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2010.06.006","article-title":"Psoriasis genetics: breaking the barrier","volume":"26","author":"Roberson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202297","article-title":"Serological changes in the course of traditional and biological disease modifying therapy of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"72","author":"B\u00f6hler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib34","first-page":"172","article-title":"On the occurrence of a factor in human serum activating the specific agglutination of sheep blood corpuscles","volume":"17","author":"Waaler","year":"1940","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141702","article-title":"The impact of glycosylation on the biological function and structure of human immunoglobulins","volume":"25","author":"Arnold","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2025.120288","article-title":"Biomarkers for early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"574","author":"Yi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics16020330","article-title":"Biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis: from traditional serology to precision medicine integration","volume":"16","author":"Soyfoo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232415803","article-title":"Implications of post-translational modifications in autoimmunity with emphasis on citrullination, homocitrullination and acetylation for the pathogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"23","author":"Haro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.220125","article-title":"The virtues and vices of protein citrullination","volume":"9","author":"Christophorou","year":"2022","journal-title":"R. Soc. Open Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq419","article-title":"The relevance of citrullinated vimentin in the production of antibodies against citrullinated proteins and the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"50","author":"Van Steendam","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtauto.2025.100291","article-title":"Autoantibodies as prognostic markers in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"10","author":"Turesson","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Transl. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-020-02191-2","article-title":"Presence of autoantibodies in \u201cseronegative\u201d rheumatoid arthritis associates with classical risk factors and high disease activity","volume":"22","author":"Reed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1096866","article-title":"The diagnostic and prognostic value of IgG and IgA anti-citrullinated protein antibodies in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Sieghart","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211782","article-title":"Anticitrullinated protein\/peptide antibody multiplexing defines an extended group of ACPA-positive rheumatoid arthritis patients with distinct genetic and environmental determinants","volume":"77","author":"R\u00f6nnelid","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00876","article-title":"Determination of autoantibody isotypes increases the sensitivity of serodiagnostics in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Sieghart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-218460","article-title":"Novel autoantibodies identified in ACPA-negative rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"80","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-017-1392-z","article-title":"The isotype and IgG subclass distribution of anti-carbamylated protein antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"19","author":"van Delft","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1002\/acr2.11548","article-title":"Real-World treatment effectiveness of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs by serostatus among patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"5","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACR Open Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-015-0690-6","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis\u2013associated autoantibodies in non\u2013rheumatoid arthritis patients with mucosal inflammation: a case\u2013control study","volume":"17","author":"Janssen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-018-4326-5","article-title":"Autoantibody and metalloproteinase activity in early arthritis","volume":"38","author":"Ponikowska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2826","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab838","article-title":"Human carbamylome description identifies carbamylated \u03b12-macroglobulin and hemopexin as two novel autoantigens in early rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"61","author":"Sidiras","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1038\/s41589-018-0180-7","article-title":"Acetylation of intrinsically disordered regions regulates phase separation","volume":"15","author":"Saito","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117958","article-title":"Acetylation in autoimmune diseases: from mechanistic insights to therapeutic prospects","volume":"250","author":"Wen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23596","article-title":"Association of autoimmunity to peptidyl arginine deiminase type 4 with genotype and disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"58","author":"Harris","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42428","article-title":"Prediction of erosive disease development by antimitochondrial antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"75","author":"Moore","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38969","article-title":"Malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde adducts and anti-malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"67","author":"Thiele","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.3897\/folmed.62.e47788","article-title":"Serum levels of antibodies to advanced glycation end products in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension","volume":"62","author":"Nikolov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Folia Med.(Plovdiv)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003480","article-title":"Antibodies against advanced glycation end-products and malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde adducts identify a new specific subgroup of hitherto patients with seronegative arthritis with a distinct clinical phenotype and an HLA class II association","volume":"9","author":"van den Beukel","year":"2023","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23177","article-title":"Rheumatic and musculoskeletal immune-related adverse events due to immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"69","author":"Cappelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E317","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0000000000001370","article-title":"Checkpoint inhibitor-associated arthritis: a systematic review of case reports and case series","volume":"27","author":"Ghosh","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2022-002511","article-title":"Anti-RA33 antibodies are present in a subset of patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis","volume":"8","author":"Cappelli","year":"2022","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2024.102021","article-title":"Novel biomarkers in RA: implication for diagnosis, prognosis, and personalised treatment","volume":"39","author":"Neto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.686795","article-title":"Circulating and synovial Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) expression levels correlate with Rheumatoid arthritis severity and tissue infiltration independently of conventional treatments response","volume":"12","author":"Boutet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib64","article-title":"Association between blood Pentraxin-3 concentrations and rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"54","author":"Di Lorenzo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2025.108681","article-title":"Dissecting the specificity of sugar code recognition - unleashing the biomedical potential of galectins by protein engineering","volume":"84","author":"Kalka","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/03946320251358305","article-title":"Galectin-1 as a potential biomarker of rheumatoid arthritis drug effectiveness","volume":"39","author":"Krsti\u0107","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-74185-8","article-title":"Validation of galectin-1 as potential diagnostic biomarker of early rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"10","author":"Triguero-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejr.2022.11.009","article-title":"Clinical significance of Galectin-1 and Galectin-4 in rheumatoid arthritis patients and their potential role as diagnostic markers","volume":"451","author":"Maged","year":"2023","journal-title":"Egypt. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3057","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.03057","article-title":"Clinical relevance of galectin-1 and galectin-3 in rheumatoid arthritis patients: differential regulation and correlation with disease activity","volume":"9","author":"Mendez-Huergo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib70","first-page":"476","article-title":"Serum Galectin-3 level in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Mahalleh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Iran. J. Allergy Asthma Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1080\/03009742.2021.1992860","article-title":"Increased synovial galectin-3 induce inflammatory fibroblast activation and osteoclastogenesis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"52","author":"Nielsen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scand. J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12020327","article-title":"Increased galectin-9 levels correlate with disease activity in patients with DMARD-na\u00efve rheumatoid arthritis and modulate the secretion of MCP-1 and IL-6 from synovial fibroblasts","volume":"12","author":"Nielsen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3391","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-025-07545-2","article-title":"Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) decrement during biologics therapy and its correlation with disease features and treatment outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"44","author":"Zou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/road112","article-title":"Leucine-rich \u03b12-glycoprotein as a useful biomarker for evaluating disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"34","author":"Fujimoto","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mod. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-68186-2","article-title":"A comprehensive N-glycoproteome atlas reveals tissue-specific glycan remodeling but non-random structural microheterogeneities","volume":"17","author":"Wu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.14365","article-title":"Circulating Fetuin-A concentrations in rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"55","author":"Di Lorenzo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9910","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25189910","article-title":"Enhanced association of novel cardiovascular biomarkers Fetuin-A and catestatin with serological and inflammatory markers in rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"25","author":"P\u00e0mies","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adr8078","article-title":"Large-scale multicenter study reveals anticitrullinated SR-A peptide antibody as a biomarker and exacerbator for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"11","author":"Xie","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.70057","article-title":"Association of UCMA with cartilage pathogenesis and inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a novel biomarker","volume":"39","author":"Sonu\u00e7 Karabo\u011fa","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Lab. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1007\/s12291-022-01086-0","article-title":"Clinical utility of pro-inflammatory oligomeric glycoprotein Tenascin-C in the diagnosis of seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"39","author":"Dominic","year":"2024","journal-title":"Indian J. Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.939265","article-title":"Evaluation of the immune feature of ACPA-negative rheumatoid arthritis and the clinical value of matrix metalloproteinase-3","volume":"13","author":"Liang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2023.108196","article-title":"Glycosylation in extracellular vesicles: isolation, characterization, composition, analysis and clinical applications","volume":"67","author":"Vrablova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13061283","article-title":"Exosomal protein biomarkers in arthritis: deciphering the inflammatory profiles of RA and OA","volume":"13","author":"Brenis G\u00f3mez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-017-1334-9","article-title":"Exosomal amyloid A and lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor-1 proteins are associated with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"19","author":"Yoo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-96325-8","article-title":"Newly-diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis patients have elevated levels of plasma extracellular vesicles with protein cargo altered towards inflammatory processes","volume":"15","author":"Rydland","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2312","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac598","article-title":"Citrullinated and carbamylated proteins in extracellular microvesicles from plasma of patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"62","author":"Ucci","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9421720","article-title":"Systemic proteomic analysis reveals distinct exosomal protein profiles in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2021","author":"Qin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4110","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13144110","article-title":"Syndecan-1 levels in females with active rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Rodriguez-Jimenez","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060635","article-title":"Development of a multi-biomarker disease activity test for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"8","author":"Centola","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes362","article-title":"A multi-biomarker score measures rheumatoid arthritis disease activity in the BeSt study","volume":"52","author":"Hirata","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2048","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac715","article-title":"Multibiomarker disease activity score: an objective tool for monitoring rheumatoid arthritis? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"62","author":"Meznerics","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-020-02389-4","article-title":"Validation of the adjusted multi-biomarker disease activity score as a prognostic test for radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis: a combined analysis of multiple studies","volume":"23","author":"Curtis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1007\/s40744-022-00475-4","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in rheumatoid arthritis: current status and future perspectives: a state-of-the-art review","volume":"9","author":"Momtazmanesh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2023.103496","article-title":"Machine learning application in autoimmune diseases: state of art and future prospectives","volume":"23","author":"Danieli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-021-00708-w","article-title":"An introduction to machine learning and analysis of its use in rheumatic diseases","volume":"17","author":"Kingsmore","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.2478\/rir-2023-0011","article-title":"A survey of artificial intelligence in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2025.103914","article-title":"In search of biomarkers for prediction of drug treatment responses in rheumatoid arthritis: lessons learned and future perspectives","volume":"24","author":"Dara","year":"2025","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-025-01193-w","article-title":"Emerging artificial intelligence innovations in rheumatoid arthritis and challenges to clinical adoption","volume":"27","author":"Gilvaz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.0606","article-title":"Assessment of a deep learning model based on electronic health record data to forecast clinical outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2","author":"Norgeot","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2014.0428","article-title":"A computational method to differentiate normal individuals, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients using serum biomarkers","volume":"11","author":"Heard","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Interf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib101","article-title":"Proteome profiling identifies serum biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2018.02.031","article-title":"Glycomics meets artificial intelligence\u2013potential of glycan analysis for identification of seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis patients revealed","volume":"481","author":"Chocholova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib103","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy for detecting osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis from blood serum","volume":"338","author":"Mannerkorpi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Spectrochimica Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5648","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-62634-3","article-title":"Convolutional neural network for classification of two-dimensional array images generated from clinical information may support diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"10","author":"Fukae","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib105","article-title":"Clinical glycoprotein mass spectrometry: the future of disease detection and monitoring","volume":"59","author":"Marrero Roche","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-022-00867-4","article-title":"Glycobiology of rheumatic diseases","volume":"19","author":"Kissel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1039\/D5CS01177A","article-title":"Decoding the function of the human glycome using chemical glycoprobes and glycosensor arrays","volume":"55","author":"He","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202506731","article-title":"Nanoscale mapping of the subcellular glycosylation landscape","volume":"13","author":"Schroeter","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-022-00128-4","article-title":"Glycoproteomics","volume":"2","author":"Bagdonaite","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Methods Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21420","article-title":"Nanotechnology in glycomics: applications in diagnostics, therapy, imaging, and separation processes","volume":"37","author":"Dosekova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.04.023","article-title":"Small RNAs are modified with N-glycans and displayed on the surface of living cells","volume":"184","author":"Flynn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-025-01682-1","article-title":"Extracellular exosomal RNAs are glyco-modified","volume":"27","author":"Sharma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-09310-6","article-title":"RNA N-glycosylation enables immune evasion and homeostatic efferocytosis","volume":"645","author":"Graziano","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16906","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c02197","article-title":"O-Glycosylated RNA identification and prediction by solid-phase chemoenzymatic TnORNA method and PONglyRNA tool","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1080\/14789450.2023.2265061","article-title":"How glycomic studies can impact on prostate cancer","volume":"20","author":"Tkac","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2020.10.004","article-title":"Big-Data glycomics: tools to connect glycan biosynthesis to extracellular communication","volume":"46","author":"Kellman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Biochem. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib117","first-page":"1156","article-title":"Recent advances in N-glycan biomarker discovery among human diseases: N-glycan biomarkers in diseases","volume":"56","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7833","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.4c06400","article-title":"One-step labeling strategy for the profiling of multiple types of protein glycosylation","volume":"97","author":"Tian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2025.100928","article-title":"Comprehensive immunoglobulin G, A, and M glycopeptide profiling for large-scale biomedical research","volume":"24","author":"van Tol","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4518","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b05722","article-title":"Simultaneous immunoglobulin A and G glycopeptide profiling for high-throughput applications","volume":"92","author":"Mom\u010dilovi\u0107","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15865","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.1c01031","article-title":"High-throughput glycomic methods","volume":"122","author":"Trbojevi\u0107-Akma\u010di\u0107","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1021\/jacsau.5c00839","article-title":"Fc profiling of polyclonal IgG, IgA and IgM by light chain capturing coupled with NanoRP-LC-MS","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"JACS Au"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2023.100710","article-title":"Multiplexed antibody glycosylation profiling using dual enzyme digestion and liquid chromatography-triple Quadrupole mass spectrometry method","volume":"23","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.RA117.000454","article-title":"High-throughput serum N-glycomics: method comparison and application to study rheumatoid arthritis and pregnancy-associated changes","volume":"18","author":"Reiding","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4643","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.5c00390","article-title":"Serum N-Glycan signatures as potential biomarkers for the detection and monitoring of IgG4-Related disease","volume":"24","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7155","DOI":"10.1039\/D5SC00467E","article-title":"Integration of RNAseq transcriptomics and N-glycomics reveal biosynthetic pathways and predict structure-specific N-glycan expression","volume":"16","author":"Alvarez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.8155","article-title":"Hallmarks of glycosylation in cancer","volume":"7","author":"Munkley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1038\/316452a0","article-title":"Association of rheumatoid arthritis and primary osteoarthritis with changes in the glycosylation pattern of total serum IgG","volume":"316","author":"Parekh","year":"1985","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3140621","article-title":"Site-specific glycosylation of human immunoglobulin G is altered in four rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"314","author":"Youings","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2023-225237","article-title":"Shift in perspective: autoimmunity protecting against rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"83","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5525","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-60431-y","article-title":"A genome-wide association study in 10,000 individuals links plasma N-glycome to liver disease and anti-inflammatory proteins","volume":"16","author":"Sharapov","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3233\/CBM-130373","article-title":"Glycosylation as a marker for inflammatory arthritis","volume":"14","author":"Albrecht","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Biomarkers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2034","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13082034","article-title":"Glycomics in human diseases and its emerging role in biomarker discovery","volume":"13","author":"Onigbinde","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2024.120052","article-title":"Generation and validation of antibody 42B1 recognizing galactose-deficient IgG for diagnosis of chronic inflammatory diseases","volume":"566","author":"Morishima","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.glycos.2025.100002","article-title":"The importance of IgG N-glycosylation in health, disease, and neonatal hemochromatosis","volume":"1","author":"Tha\u00e7i","year":"2025","journal-title":"Glycosci. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2935","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.1c00148","article-title":"Serum and plasma immunoglobulin G Fc N-glycosylation is stable during storage","volume":"20","author":"Amez Mart\u00edn","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.3724\/abbs.2024137","article-title":"Immunoglobulin G glycosylation and its alterations in aging-related diseases: IgG glycosylation with aging-related diseases","volume":"56","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13407","article-title":"The importance of IgG glycosylation\u2014What did we learn after analyzing over 100,000 individuals","volume":"328","author":"Kri\u0161ti\u0107","year":"2024","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2025.101946","article-title":"Variable domain glycosylation as a marker and modulator of immune responses: insights into autoimmunity and B-cell malignancies","volume":"78","author":"Biersteker","year":"2025","journal-title":"Semin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwz048","article-title":"Monitoring of immunoglobulin N- and O-glycosylation in health and disease","volume":"30","author":"de Haan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2023.108169","article-title":"IgG glycans in health and disease: prediction, intervention, prognosis, and therapy","volume":"67","author":"Shkunnikova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2370","DOI":"10.1126\/science.291.5512.2370","article-title":"Glycosylation and the immune system","volume":"291","author":"Rudd","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206598","article-title":"Extensive glycosylation of ACPA-IgG variable domains modulates binding to citrullinated antigens in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"75","author":"Rombouts","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-023-01544-8","article-title":"Effect of posttranslational modifications and subclass on IgG activity: from immunity to immunotherapy","volume":"24","author":"Nimmerjahn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abm1759","article-title":"Surface Ig variable domain glycosylation affects autoantigen binding and acts as threshold for human autoreactive B cell activation","volume":"8","author":"Kissel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M116.062919","article-title":"Structural analysis of variable domain glycosylation of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis reveals the presence of highly sialylated glycans \u2217","volume":"16","author":"Hafkenscheid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.10.035","article-title":"Differences in IgG autoantibody fab glycosylation across autoimmune diseases","volume":"151","author":"Koers","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.06.018","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of galactosyltransferase-and sialyltransferase-encoding mRNA in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"33","author":"Peng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3114","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47337-x","article-title":"Antigen-specific fab profiling achieves molecular-resolution analysis of human autoantibody repertoires in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"15","author":"Stork","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36257-x","article-title":"A subset of antibodies targeting citrullinated proteins confers protection from rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"14","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2172-13-10","article-title":"Influence of variable domain glycosylation on anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies and anti-glomerular basement membrane autoantibodies","volume":"13","author":"Xu","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M114.047381","article-title":"Hinge-region O-Glycosylation of human immunoglobulin G3 (IgG3)","volume":"14","author":"Plomp","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8087","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23158087","article-title":"O-glycosylation changes in serum immunoglobulin G are associated with inflammation development in advanced endometriosis","volume":"23","author":"So\u0142kiewicz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44468-5","article-title":"N-linked Fc glycosylation is not required for IgG-B-cell receptor function in a GC-derived B-cell line","volume":"15","author":"Kissel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2022.974854","article-title":"Advances in IgA glycosylation and its correlation with diseases","volume":"10","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-023-00476-9","article-title":"IgA nephropathy","volume":"9","author":"Stamellou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-025-02088-0","article-title":"IgA displays site-and subclass-specific glycoform differences despite equal glycoenzyme expression","volume":"23","author":"Falck","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13992-8","article-title":"IgA subclasses have different effector functions associated with distinct glycosylation profiles","volume":"11","author":"Steffen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-017-1367-0","article-title":"IgA N-and O-glycosylation profiling reveals no association with the pregnancy-related improvement in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"19","author":"Bondt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2016.0050","article-title":"Glycan biomarkers for rheumatoid arthritis and its remission status in Han Chinese patients","volume":"20","author":"Sebastian","year":"2016","journal-title":"OMICS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib161","first-page":"1","article-title":"A method to identify trace sulfated IgG N-glycans as biomarkers for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2042","DOI":"10.1039\/C8AN02014K","article-title":"Distribution of abnormal IgG glycosylation patterns from rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients by MALDI-TOF-MSn","volume":"144","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13071106","article-title":"An integrated glycosylation signature of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Mayboroda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-025-01246-3","article-title":"Serum IgG N-glycans act as serum biomarkers for differentiation of cold and heat pattern in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2025.1627273","article-title":"Comprehensive lipoprotein and glycoprotein characterization in rheumatoid arthritis plasma and association with clinical markers","volume":"12","author":"Tsezou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-4722-6_9","article-title":"NMR-based quantification of GlycA and GlycB: advancing inflammatory biomarkers in clinical diagnostics","volume":"2961","author":"Embade","year":"2025","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-77772-1","article-title":"Comprehensive analysis of glycoprotein profiles and their association with cardiovascular disease-related microRNAs in rheumatoid arthritis, metabolic disorders, and controls","volume":"14","author":"Llop","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2017.00241","article-title":"Serum protein N-glycosylation changes with rheumatoid arthritis disease activity during and after pregnancy","volume":"4","author":"Reiding","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9626","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26199626","article-title":"Immunoglobulin G subclass-specific glycosylation changes in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"26","author":"Szab\u00f3","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202303832","article-title":"Divergent enzymatic assembly of a comprehensive 64-Membered IgG N-glycan library for functional glycomics","volume":"10","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1080\/08916934.2018.1468886","article-title":"Glycosylation of random IgG distinguishes seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"51","author":"Magorivska","year":"2018","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3731","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-017-0302-1","article-title":"Characterization of IgG glycosylation in rheumatoid arthritis patients by MALDI-TOF-MSn and capillary electrophoresis","volume":"409","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21062045","article-title":"Abberant immunoglobulin G glycosylation in rheumatoid arthritis by LTQ-ESI-MS","volume":"21","author":"Su","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.3724\/abbs.2024123","article-title":"Deciphering disease through glycan codes: leveraging lectin microarrays for clinical insights: deciphering disease through glycan codes","volume":"56","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-99226-y","article-title":"Elevated Fab glycosylation of autoantibodies maintained during B cell depletion therapy","volume":"15","author":"Valk","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12987","article-title":"Altered glycan accessibility on native immunoglobulin G complexes in early rheumatoid arthritis and its changes during therapy","volume":"189","author":"St\u00fcmer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252313060","article-title":"Glycosylation pattern of serum clusterin in psoriatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis\u2014the search for new diagnostic glycomarkers","volume":"25","author":"Kratz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-016-1013-2","article-title":"Alteration of matrix metalloproteinase-3 O-glycan structure as a biomarker for disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"18","author":"Takeshita","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advms.2015.12.009","article-title":"Changes of glycosylation of IgG in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with methotrexate","volume":"61","author":"Gi\u0144dzie\u0144ska-Sie\u015bkiewicz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-024-00963-7","article-title":"GlYcoLISA: antigen-specific and subclass-specific IgG Fc glycosylation analysis based on an immunosorbent assay with an LC\u2013MS readout","volume":"19","author":"Falck","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633_bib181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2023.100540","article-title":"Integrative proteomics and N-glycoproteomics analyses of rheumatoid arthritis synovium reveal immune-associated glycopeptides","volume":"22","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Proteomics"}],"container-title":["Molecular & Cellular Proteomics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1535947626001295?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1535947626001295?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T15:09:56Z","timestamp":1790348996000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1535947626001295"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":181,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1535947626001295"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633","relation":{},"ISSN":["1535-9476"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1535-9476","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sugar-Coded Signals: Glycan-Based Biomarkers in Rheumatoid Arthritis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular & Cellular Proteomics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mcpro.2026.101633","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc on behalf of American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101633"}}