{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T04:45:01Z","timestamp":1781239501699,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006041","name":"Innovate UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["971615"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["971615"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/RO13756\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/RO13756\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BBS\/E\/B\/000C0428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BBS\/E\/B\/000C0428"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BBS\/E\/B\/000C0427"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BBS\/E\/B\/000C0427"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012067","name":"Babraham Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012067","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001255","name":"Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001255","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001348","name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001348","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004410","name":"European Molecular Biology Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]],"date-time":"2020-12-17T03:45:39Z","timestamp":1608176739000},"page":"243-262.e8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["A booster dose enhances immunogenicity of the COVID-19 vaccine candidate ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in aged mice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Alyssa","family":"Silva-Cayetano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William S.","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Innocentin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Belij-Rammerstorfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7958-6961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra J.","family":"Spencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver T.","family":"Burton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigrid","family":"Fra-Bid\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1600-6437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jia","family":"Le Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazia","family":"Thakur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Conceicao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Evans-Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carly","family":"Noble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalan","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6272-4085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"Liston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6823-9750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah C.","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7711-897X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Lambe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6047-1996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle A.","family":"Linterman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","article-title":"A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019","volume":"382","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"N.\u00a0Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2008-3","article-title":"A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China","volume":"579","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.052","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor","volume":"181","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.2648","article-title":"Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","volume":"323","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.0994","article-title":"Risk Factors Associated with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China","volume":"180","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.5394","article-title":"Baseline Characteristics and Outcomes of 1591 Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 Admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy Region","volume":"323","author":"Grasselli","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2005630","article-title":"Developing Covid-19 Vaccines at Pandemic Speed","volume":"382","author":"Lurie","year":"2020","journal-title":"N.\u00a0Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13222","article-title":"The early landscape of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine development in the UK and rest of the world","volume":"160","author":"Sharpe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03520210045030","article-title":"The efficacy of influenza vaccination in elderly individuals. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial","volume":"272","author":"Govaert","year":"1994","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)07358-3","article-title":"Randomised trial of 23-valent pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine in prevention of pneumonia in middle-aged and elderly people","volume":"351","author":"Ortqvist","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e34145","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034145","article-title":"Age affects quantity but not quality of antibody responses after vaccination with an inactivated flavivirus vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis","volume":"7","author":"Stiasny","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B231","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/48.6.B231","article-title":"Specific humoral immunity in the elderly: in\u00a0vivo and in\u00a0vitro response to vaccination","volume":"48","author":"Burns","year":"1993","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2012.03.010","article-title":"The mouse as a model organism in aging research: usefulness, pitfalls and possibilities","volume":"12","author":"Vanhooren","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0180-1","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying T\u00a0cell ageing","volume":"19","author":"Goronzy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12864","article-title":"Age-related factors that affect B cell responses to vaccination in mice and humans","volume":"296","author":"Frasca","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.03.017","article-title":"Influence of immune aging on vaccine responses","volume":"145","author":"Gustafson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e52473","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.52473","article-title":"Rejuvenating conventional dendritic cells and T follicular helper cell formation after vaccination","volume":"9","author":"Stebegg","year":"2020","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.11.012","article-title":"Systems Analysis of Immunity to Influenza Vaccination across Multiple Years and in Diverse Populations Reveals Shared Molecular Signatures","volume":"43","author":"Nakaya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.3.959","article-title":"Relative contribution of T and B cells to hypermutation and selection of the antibody repertoire in germinal centers of aged mice","volume":"183","author":"Yang","year":"1996","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2012.00836.x","article-title":"The aged microenvironment contributes to the age-related functional defects of CD4 T\u00a0cells in mice","volume":"11","author":"Lefebvre","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib22","first-page":"256","article-title":"The efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccination among Thai elderly persons living in the community","volume":"88","author":"Praditsuwan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Med. Assoc. Thai."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00295","article-title":"Improved Immune Responses in Young and Aged Mice with Adjuvanted Vaccines against H1N1 Influenza Infection","volume":"9","author":"Baldwin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib24","first-page":"CD001269","article-title":"Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults","volume":"2","author":"Demicheli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu582","article-title":"Immunogenicity of intradermal trivalent influenza vaccine with topical imiquimod: a double blind randomized controlled trial","volume":"59","author":"Hung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20190301","article-title":"The adjuvant GLA-SE promotes human Tfh cell expansion and emergence of public TCR\u03b2 clonotypes","volume":"216","author":"Hill","year":"2019","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2608-y","article-title":"ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine prevents SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in rhesus macaques","volume":"586","author":"van Doremalen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-020-00221-3","article-title":"Evaluation of the immunogenicity of prime-boost vaccination with the replication-deficient viral vectored COVID-19 vaccine candidate ChAdOx1 nCoV-19","volume":"5","author":"Graham","year":"2020","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31604-4","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary report of a phase 1\/2, single-blind, randomised controlled trial","volume":"396","author":"Folegatti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200737984","article-title":"Nanoparticles target distinct dendritic cell populations according to their size","volume":"38","author":"Manolova","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.08.015","article-title":"Unsupervised High-Dimensional Analysis Aligns Dendritic Cells across Tissues and Species","volume":"45","author":"Guilliams","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.12.1685","article-title":"CD8(+) but not CD8(-) dendritic cells cross-prime cytotoxic T\u00a0cells in\u00a0vivo","volume":"192","author":"den Haan","year":"2000","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.04.016","article-title":"Development and function of dendritic cell subsets","volume":"40","author":"Mildner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2003.00058.x","article-title":"Extrafollicular antibody responses","volume":"194","author":"MacLennan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-041015-055605","article-title":"Follicular Helper T Cells","volume":"34","author":"Vinuesa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00604-15","article-title":"Correlates of Protection against Influenza in the Elderly: Results from an Influenza Vaccine Efficacy Trial","volume":"23","author":"Dunning","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Vaccine Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3744","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(01)00087-1","article-title":"Granzyme B: a marker of risk for influenza in institutionalized older adults","volume":"19","author":"McElhaney","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12744","article-title":"Linking signaling and selection in the germinal center","volume":"288","author":"Shlomchik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.09.001","article-title":"Germinal Center B Cell Dynamics","volume":"45","author":"Mesin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.12.004","article-title":"A Temporal Switch in the Germinal Center Determines Differential Output of Memory B and Plasma Cells","volume":"44","author":"Weisel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01028.x","article-title":"Immunosenescence and germinal center reaction","volume":"160","author":"Zheng","year":"1997","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abc5902","article-title":"Potent neutralizing antibodies from COVID-19 patients define multiple targets of vulnerability","volume":"369","author":"Brouwer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.06.044","article-title":"Longitudinal Isolation of Potent Near-Germline SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Antibodies from COVID-19 Patients","volume":"182","author":"Kreer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.06.001","article-title":"Analysis of a SARS-CoV-2-Infected Individual Reveals Development of Potent Neutralizing Antibodies with Limited Somatic Mutation","volume":"53","author":"Seydoux","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1402605","article-title":"CD8+ T\u00a0cells complement antibodies in protecting against yellow fever virus","volume":"194","author":"Bassi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20090222","article-title":"Key role of T\u00a0cell defects in age-related vulnerability to West Nile virus","volume":"206","author":"Brien","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4933-11-4","article-title":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus infection in aged nonhuman primates is associated with modulated pulmonary and systemic immune responses","volume":"11","author":"Clay","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immun. Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6333","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.10.6333","article-title":"T cell responses are better correlates of vaccine protection in the elderly","volume":"176","author":"McElhaney","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/167.3.584","article-title":"Effect of age on cytotoxic T lymphocyte memory as well as serum and local antibody responses elicited by inactivated influenza virus vaccine","volume":"167","author":"Powers","year":"1993","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31605-6","article-title":"Immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant adenovirus type-5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18 years or older: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial","volume":"396","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e40385","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040385","article-title":"A novel chimpanzee adenovirus vector with low human seroprevalence: improved systems for vector derivation and comparative immunogenicity","volume":"7","author":"Dicks","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abc4730","article-title":"Adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 in BALB\/c mice for testing vaccine efficacy","volume":"369","author":"Gu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2708-8","article-title":"A mouse-adapted model of SARS-CoV-2 to test COVID-19 countermeasures","volume":"586","author":"Dinnon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-1070-6","article-title":"Ad26 vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 severe clinical disease in hamsters","volume":"26","author":"Tostanoski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abc6284","article-title":"DNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques","volume":"369","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1177\/0023677213516312","article-title":"FELASA recommendations for the health monitoring of mouse, rat, hamster, guinea pig and rabbit colonies in breeding and experimental units","volume":"48","author":"M\u00e4hler Convenor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lab. Anim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.06.026","article-title":"Microglia Require CD4\u00a0T Cells to Complete the Fetal-to-Adult Transition","volume":"182","author":"Pasciuto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"}],"container-title":["Med"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666634020300349?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666634020300349?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T08:56:55Z","timestamp":1778921815000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666634020300349"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S2666634020300349"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.10.27.357426","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2666-6340"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-6340","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A booster dose enhances immunogenicity of the COVID-19 vaccine candidate ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in aged mice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Med","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.medj.2020.12.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}