{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T19:08:28Z","timestamp":1788289708130,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0214-14380506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0214-14380506"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["XJ2024003602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XJ2024003602"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024300408"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024300408"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82373263"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82373263"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U24A20378"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24A20378"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82403835"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82403835"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32471000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32471000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82403862"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82403862"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013290","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC2506400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC2506400"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013290","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008048","name":"Nanjing University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008048","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013804","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013804","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T16:14:03Z","timestamp":1764173643000},"page":"100936","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["MHC-II-restricted neoantigen vaccine reverses immune microenvironment and overcomes resistance to immune-checkpoint inhibitors in cold tumors"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Xueru","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanbing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiji","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixia","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baorui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3024-8878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jia","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-024-00705-7","article-title":"Defining clinically useful biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitors in solid tumours","volume":"24","author":"Holder","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-018-0007-y","article-title":"Approaches to treat immune hot, altered and cold tumours with combination immunotherapies","volume":"18","author":"Galon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01644-9","article-title":"Neo-intline: integrated pipeline enables neoantigen design through the in-silico presentation of T-cell epitope","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0792-9","article-title":"Neoantigen vaccine generates intratumoral T cell responses in phase Ib glioblastoma trial","volume":"565","author":"Keskin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-018-0044-0","article-title":"CD4(+) T cell help in cancer immunology and immunotherapy","volume":"18","author":"Borst","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22991","article-title":"An immunogenic personal neoantigen vaccine for patients with melanoma","volume":"547","author":"Ott","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6401","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33746-3","article-title":"The oncogenic fusion protein DNAJB1-PRKACA can be specifically targeted by peptide-based immunotherapy in fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Bauer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13387","article-title":"A vaccine targeting mutant IDH1 induces antitumour immunity","volume":"512","author":"Schumacher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-023-01543-9","article-title":"Neoantigen-specific stem cell memory-like CD4(+) T cells mediate CD8(+) T cell-dependent immunotherapy of MHC class II-negative solid tumors","volume":"24","author":"Brightman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2024.02.005","article-title":"Regulation and impact of tumor-specific CD4(+) T cells in cancer and immunotherapy","volume":"45","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14426","article-title":"Mutant MHC class II epitopes drive therapeutic immune responses to cancer","volume":"520","author":"Kreiter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03363-z","article-title":"A vaccine targeting mutant IDH1 in newly diagnosed glioma","volume":"592","author":"Platten","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0810-y","article-title":"Actively personalized vaccination trial for newly diagnosed glioblastoma","volume":"565","author":"Hilf","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-020-00460-2","article-title":"Advances in the development of personalized neoantigen-based therapeutic cancer vaccines","volume":"18","author":"Blass","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-022-00689-z","article-title":"Clinical implications of T cell exhaustion for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"19","author":"Chow","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.06.035","article-title":"Cancer vaccines: Building a bridge over troubled waters","volume":"185","author":"Sellars","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-024-01615-3","article-title":"Fine tuning of CpG spatial distribution with DNA origami for improved cancer vaccination","volume":"19","author":"Zeng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8221","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.37513","article-title":"CD4(+) and CD8a(+) PET imaging predicts response to novel PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor: studies of Sym021 in syngeneic mouse cancer models","volume":"9","author":"Kristensen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-018-0132-0","article-title":"Blockade of the checkpoint receptor TIGIT prevents NK cell exhaustion and elicits potent anti-tumor immunity","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.10.009","article-title":"CD4(+) T Cell Help Confers a Cytotoxic T Cell Effector Program Including Coinhibitory Receptor Downregulation and Increased Tissue Invasiveness","volume":"47","author":"Ahrends","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib21","article-title":"CXCL9\/10-engineered dendritic cells promote T cell activation and enhance immune checkpoint blockade for lung cancer","volume":"5","author":"Lim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2392","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-3200","article-title":"Biological Consequences of MHC-II Expression by Tumor Cells in Cancer","volume":"25","author":"Axelrod","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12087","article-title":"Tissue-resident memory T cells","volume":"255","author":"Shin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.11.015","article-title":"Cytotoxic CD4(+) T cells in cancer: Expanding the immune effector toolbox","volume":"54","author":"Oh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2016.12.039","article-title":"MHC class II restricted neoantigen: A promising target in tumor immunotherapy","volume":"392","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-323771","article-title":"The human liver microenvironment shapes the homing and function of CD4(+) T-cell populations","volume":"71","author":"Wiggins","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-21-0129","article-title":"BHLHE40 Regulates the T-Cell Effector Function Required for Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling and Immune Checkpoint Therapy Efficacy","volume":"10","author":"Salmon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.10.006","article-title":"Systemic vaccination induces CD8(+) T cells and remodels the tumor microenvironment","volume":"185","author":"Baharom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7094","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27428-9","article-title":"Oxidative stress-induced FABP5 S-glutathionylation protects against acute lung injury by suppressing inflammation in macrophages","volume":"12","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.06.001","article-title":"Macrophages and Metabolism in the Tumor Microenvironment","volume":"30","author":"Vitale","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13169","article-title":"Signalling lymphocyte activation molecule family member 9 is found on select subsets of antigen-presenting cells and promotes resistance to Salmonella infection","volume":"159","author":"Wilson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1201996","article-title":"Serum amyloid A3 binds MD-2 to activate p38 and NF-\u03baB pathways in a MyD88-dependent manner","volume":"191","author":"Deguchi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21407-w","article-title":"Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals functional heterogeneity of glioma-associated brain macrophages","volume":"12","author":"Ochocka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-021-00346-0","article-title":"Therapeutic cancer vaccines","volume":"21","author":"Saxena","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2022.188762","article-title":"Tumor-associated neutrophils and neutrophil-targeted cancer therapies","volume":"1877","author":"Que","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib36","first-page":"849","article-title":"Complex role of neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment: an avenue for novel immunotherapies","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11103","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1305569110","article-title":"Anti-CD47 antibody-mediated phagocytosis of cancer by macrophages primes an effective antitumor T-cell response","volume":"110","author":"Tseng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-000957","article-title":"TIGIT in cancer immunotherapy","volume":"8","author":"Chauvin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-022-02783-y","article-title":"Evaluation of cell-cell interaction methods by integrating single-cell RNA sequencing data with spatial information","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI146926","article-title":"Smad7 effects on TGF-\u03b2 and ErbB2 restrain myofibroblast activation and protect from postinfarction heart failure","volume":"132","author":"Humeres","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2021.03.002","article-title":"Gut microbial metabolites facilitate anticancer therapy efficacy by modulating cytotoxic CD8(+) T cell immunity","volume":"33","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6966","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00073-10","article-title":"Downregulation of CDKN1A in adult T-cell leukemia\/lymphoma despite overexpression of CDKN1A in human T-lymphotropic virus 1-infected cell lines","volume":"84","author":"Watanabe","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.12.007","article-title":"Regulatory T Cells Restrain Interleukin-2- and Blimp-1-Dependent Acquisition of Cytotoxic Function by CD4(+) T Cells","volume":"52","author":"\u015aledzi\u0144ska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02001-5","article-title":"Differentiation dynamics of mammary epithelial cells revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing","volume":"8","author":"Bach","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bbaa097","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbaa097","article-title":"SMNN: batch effect correction for single-cell RNA-seq data via supervised mutual nearest neighbor detection","volume":"22","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brief. Bioinform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.02010","article-title":"Artificial Intelligence-Powered Spatial Analysis of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes as Complementary Biomarker for Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer","volume":"40","author":"Park","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib47","article-title":"Neoantigen-specific T cell help outperforms non-specific help in multi-antigen DNA vaccination against cancer","volume":"32","author":"de Graaf","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2014.00032","article-title":"Boosting the MHC Class II-Restricted Tumor Antigen Presentation to CD4+ T Helper Cells: A Critical Issue for Triggering Protective Immunity and Re-Orienting the Tumor Microenvironment Toward an Anti-Tumor State","volume":"4","author":"Accolla","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines3030490","article-title":"Interest of Tumor-Specific CD4 T Helper 1 Cells for Therapeutic Anticancer Vaccine","volume":"3","author":"Galaine","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2013.03.004","article-title":"From the immune contexture to the Immunoscore: the role of prognostic and predictive immune markers in cancer","volume":"25","author":"Angell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-022-01363-8","article-title":"Combination of oral STING agonist MSA-2 and anti-TGF-\u03b2\/PD-L1 bispecific antibody YM101: a novel immune cocktail therapy for non-inflamed tumors","volume":"15","author":"Yi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2021.04.004","article-title":"Single-cell dissection of cellular components and interactions shaping the tumor immune phenotypes in ovarian cancer","volume":"39","author":"Hornburg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.09.030","article-title":"High-Dimensional Analysis Delineates Myeloid and Lymphoid Compartment Remodeling during Successful Immune-Checkpoint Cancer Therapy","volume":"175","author":"Gubin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.09.019","article-title":"Microbiota triggers STING-type I IFN-dependent monocyte reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment","volume":"184","author":"Lam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.03.007","article-title":"T cell immunotherapies engage neutrophils to eliminate tumor antigen escape variants","volume":"186","author":"Hirschhorn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.09.020","article-title":"Hallmarks of response, resistance, and toxicity to immune checkpoint blockade","volume":"184","author":"Morad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2016.10.002","article-title":"TIGIT: A Key Inhibitor of the Cancer Immunity Cycle","volume":"38","author":"Manieri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3671","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-19-3925","article-title":"Tumor CD155 Expression Is Associated with Resistance to Anti-PD1 Immunotherapy in Metastatic Melanoma","volume":"26","author":"Lepletier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2022-004711","article-title":"TIGIT-CD226-PVR axis: advancing immune checkpoint blockade for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"10","author":"Chiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2022.02.005","article-title":"Mechanistic convergence of the TIGIT and PD-1 inhibitory pathways necessitates co-blockade to optimize anti-tumor CD8(+) T cell responses","volume":"55","author":"Banta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1038\/s43018-022-00352-7","article-title":"Concurrent delivery of immune checkpoint blockade modulates T cell dynamics to enhance neoantigen vaccine-generated antitumor immunity","volume":"3","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.05.017","article-title":"Intratumoral CD4(+) T Cells Mediate Anti-tumor Cytotoxicity in Human Bladder Cancer","volume":"181","author":"Oh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts635","article-title":"STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner","volume":"29","author":"Dobin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib64","first-page":"923","article-title":"featureCounts: an efficient general purpose program for assigning sequence reads to genomic features","volume":"30","author":"Liao","year":"2014","journal-title":"featureCounts: an efficient general purpose program for assigning sequence reads to genomic features"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","article-title":"Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2","volume":"15","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09234-6","article-title":"Metascape provides a biologist-oriented resource for the analysis of systems-level datasets","volume":"10","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-7","article-title":"GSVA: gene set variation analysis for microarray and RNA-seq data","volume":"14","author":"H\u00e4nzelmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Bioinf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.4096","article-title":"Integrating single-cell transcriptomic data across different conditions, technologies, and species","volume":"36","author":"Butler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0619-0","article-title":"Fast, sensitive and accurate integration of single-cell data with Harmony","volume":"16","author":"Korsunsky","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1127","article-title":"Origin, precursors and differentiation of mouse dendritic cells","volume":"3","author":"Carlos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2731","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.5.2731","article-title":"Of mice and not men: differences between mouse and human immunology","volume":"172","author":"Mestas","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-018-0276-y","article-title":"Reference-based analysis of lung single-cell sequencing reveals a transitional profibrotic macrophage","volume":"20","author":"Aran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1008-1091","article-title":"The Immunological Genome Project: networks of gene expression in immune cells","volume":"9","author":"Heng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr260","article-title":"Molecular signatures database (MSigDB) 3.0","volume":"27","author":"Liberzon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4402","article-title":"Reversed graph embedding resolves complex single-cell trajectories","volume":"14","author":"Qiu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0667-5","article-title":"NicheNet: modeling intercellular communication by linking ligands to target genes","volume":"17","author":"Browaeys","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2811","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu393","article-title":"\u201c Circlize\u201d implements and enhances circular visualization in R","volume":"30","author":"Gu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-020-0292-x","article-title":"CellPhoneDB: inferring cell\u2013cell communication from combined expression of multi-subunit ligand\u2013receptor complexes","volume":"15","author":"Efremova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."}],"container-title":["Med"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666634025003630?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666634025003630?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T08:59:19Z","timestamp":1778921959000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666634025003630"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S2666634025003630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-6340"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-6340","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"MHC-II-restricted neoantigen vaccine reverses immune microenvironment and overcomes resistance to immune-checkpoint inhibitors in cold tumors","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Med","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100936","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100936"}}