{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T01:58:13Z","timestamp":1793239093392,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":147,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,9,11]],"date-time":"2027-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1820620800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":375,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5P41 EB027062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5P41 EB027062"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T15:01:12Z","timestamp":1784646072000},"page":"101222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Immune-stromal interactions at the crossroads of tissue injury, repair, and tumor progression"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Derek","family":"Ning","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Naveed","family":"Tavakol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela L.","family":"Graney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ethan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clark T.","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9382-1574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gordana","family":"Vunjak-Novakovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/2856213","article-title":"The Immune System in Tissue Environments Regaining Homeostasis after Injury: Is \u201cInflammation\u201d Always Inflammation?","volume":"2016","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI124615","article-title":"The role of macrophages in the resolution of inflammation","volume":"129","author":"Watanabe","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.11.040","article-title":"The Stromal Intervention: Regulation of Immunity and Inflammation at the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Barrier","volume":"168","author":"Nowarski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvu062","article-title":"Crosstalk between fibroblasts and inflammatory cells","volume":"102","author":"Van Linthout","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00716-0","article-title":"Fibroblast and myofibroblast activation in normal tissue repair and fibrosis","volume":"25","author":"Younesi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2025.110203","article-title":"Cellular crosstalk in fibrosis: Insights into macrophage and fibroblast dynamics","volume":"301","author":"Froom","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.04.021","article-title":"Fibroblast-macrophage reciprocal interactions in health, fibrosis, and cancer","volume":"54","author":"Buechler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07201","article-title":"Origin and physiological roles of inflammation","volume":"454","author":"Medzhitov","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-020-00541-3","article-title":"Macrophages and the maintenance of homeostasis","volume":"18","author":"Mosser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00419","article-title":"The Role of Macrophages in Acute and Chronic Wound Healing and Interventions to Promote Pro-wound Healing Phenotypes","volume":"9","author":"Krzyszczyk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02124-y","article-title":"Tissue macrophages: origin, heterogenity, biological functions, diseases and therapeutic targets","volume":"10","author":"Guan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cti2.1222","article-title":"Origins and diversity of macrophages in health and disease","volume":"9","author":"Sreejit","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib13","article-title":"Role of Macrophages in Wound Healing","volume":"14","author":"Willenborg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.12703\/P6-13","article-title":"The M1 and M2 paradigm of macrophage activation: time for reassessment","volume":"6","author":"Martinez","year":"2014","journal-title":"F1000Prime Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2011.0307","article-title":"Regulation of Macrophage Polarization and Wound Healing","volume":"1","author":"Ferrante","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00071","article-title":"Convenience versus Biological Significance: Are PMA-Differentiated THP-1 Cells a Reliable Substitute for Blood-Derived Macrophages When Studying in Vitro Polarization?","volume":"9","author":"Tedesco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.06.008","article-title":"Macrophage activation and polarization: nomenclature and experimental guidelines","volume":"41","author":"Murray","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13125","article-title":"Monocyte isolation techniques significantly impact the phenotype of both isolated monocytes and derived macrophages in vitro","volume":"159","author":"Nielsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-022-00824-4","article-title":"Macrophages derived from pluripotent stem cells: prospective applications and research gaps","volume":"12","author":"Lyadova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2915","article-title":"Wnt Signaling Controls the Specification of Definitive and Primitive Hematopoiesis From Human Pluripotent Stem Cells","volume":"32","author":"Sturgeon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.06.017","article-title":"Induced-Pluripotent-Stem-Cell-Derived Primitive Macrophages Provide a Platform for Modeling Tissue-Resident Macrophage Differentiation and Function","volume":"47","author":"Takata","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2021.05.018","article-title":"Differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells to authentic macrophages using a defined, serum-free, open-source medium","volume":"16","author":"Vaughan-Jackson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2016.12.020","article-title":"Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Macrophages Share Ontogeny with MYB-Independent Tissue-Resident Macrophages","volume":"8","author":"Buchrieser","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4808","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21134808","article-title":"Large-Scale Production of Human iPSC-Derived Macrophages for Drug Screening","volume":"21","author":"Gutbier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a041231","article-title":"The Role of Myofibroblasts in Physiological and Pathological Tissue Repair","volume":"15","author":"Schuster","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2014.00123","article-title":"Fibroblasts in fibrosis: novel roles and mediators","volume":"5","author":"Kendall","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.098186","article-title":"Lung development: orchestrating the generation and regeneration of a complex organ","volume":"141","author":"Herriges","year":"2014","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2020.03.019","article-title":"Dysfunction of Hair Follicle Mesenchymal Progenitors Contributes to Age-Associated Hair Loss","volume":"53","author":"Shin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.06.024","article-title":"Fibroblasts: Origins, definitions, and functions in health and disease","volume":"184","author":"Plikus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3409","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30633-9","article-title":"Identification, discrimination and heterogeneity of fibroblasts","volume":"13","author":"Lendahl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2022.07.006","article-title":"Wound healing, fibroblast heterogeneity, and fibrosis","volume":"29","author":"Talbott","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/s10616-014-9771-7","article-title":"Fibroblast sources: Where can we get them?","volume":"68","author":"Fernandes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cytotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.4103\/jomfp.JOMFP_282_19","article-title":"Isolation, culture and characterization of primary cell lines of human buccal mucosal fibroblasts: A combination of explant enzamytic technique","volume":"24","author":"Patil","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Oral Maxillofac. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3081","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.418","article-title":"Induction of pluripotent stem cells from fibroblast cultures","volume":"2","author":"Takahashi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06419-8","article-title":"Subpopulations of fibroblasts derived from human iPS cells","volume":"7","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2012.12.001","article-title":"Macrophages and fibrosis: How resident and infiltrating mononuclear phagocytes orchestrate all phases of tissue injury and repair","volume":"1832","author":"Lech","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-019-0110-2","article-title":"Macrophages: versatile players in renal inflammation and fibrosis","volume":"15","author":"Tang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00602","article-title":"Macrophages During the Fibrotic Process: M2 as Friend and Foe","volume":"6","author":"Braga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib39","series-title":"Mechanisms of Vascular Disease: A Reference Book for Vascular Specialists","article-title":"Principles of Wound Healing","author":"Schultz","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3073","article-title":"Protective and pathogenic functions of macrophage subsets","volume":"11","author":"Murray","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2495","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2016.402","article-title":"Inflammatory macrophages can transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts during renal fibrosis","volume":"7","author":"Meng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F52","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00260.2018","article-title":"Macrophage-secreted TGF-\u03b21 contributes to fibroblast activation and ureteral stricture after ablation injury","volume":"317","author":"Ueshima","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib43","article-title":"The pivotal role of TGF-\u03b2\/Smad pathway in fibrosis pathogenesis and treatment","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-020-00849-5","article-title":"Tumour-associated macrophages drive stromal cell-dependent collagen crosslinking and stiffening to promote breast cancer aggression","volume":"20","author":"Maller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.01.015","article-title":"Circuit Design Features of a Stable Two-Cell System","volume":"172","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.10.058","article-title":"Dectin-1 Regulates Hepatic Fibrosis and Hepatocarcinogenesis by Suppressing TLR4 Signaling Pathways","volume":"13","author":"Seifert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02120-2017","article-title":"CSF1R inhibition prevents radiation pulmonary fibrosis by depletion of interstitial macrophages","volume":"51","author":"Meziani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3172","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-39553-z","article-title":"Cancer associated fibroblasts sculpt tumour microenvironment by recruiting monocytes and inducing immunosuppressive PD-1+ TAMs","volume":"9","author":"Gok Yavuz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19082155","article-title":"Interleukin-1 Beta\u2014A Friend or Foe in Malignancies?","volume":"19","author":"Bent","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12071791","article-title":"Interleukin-1\u03b2 and Cancer","volume":"12","author":"R\u00e9b\u00e9","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2009.12.041","article-title":"Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Are Activated in Incipient Neoplasia to Orchestrate Tumor-Promoting Inflammation in an NF-\u03baB-Dependent Manner","volume":"17","author":"Erez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.12096","article-title":"Cancer-associated fibroblast and M2 macrophage markers together predict outcome in colorectal cancer patients","volume":"104","author":"Herrera","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2012.01127.x","article-title":"Cancer-associated fibroblasts and CD163-positive macrophages in oral squamous cell carcinoma: their clinicopathological and prognostic significance","volume":"41","author":"Fujii","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Oral Pathol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23","DOI":"10.1017\/S1462399411001943","article-title":"Inflammation and wound healing: the role of the macrophage","volume":"13","author":"Koh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.04-2978fje","article-title":"Fibroblast differentiation of bone marrow-derived cells during wound repair","volume":"19","author":"Susan","year":"2005","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI30595","article-title":"Infectious disease, the innate immune response, and fibrosis","volume":"117","author":"Meneghin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200522675","article-title":"Selective depletion of macrophages reveals distinct, opposing roles during liver injury and repair","volume":"115","author":"Duffield","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00158.2013","article-title":"The wound healing, chronic fibrosis, and cancer progression triad","volume":"46","author":"Rybinski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiol. Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.668731","article-title":"Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Cancer and Cancer Immunotherapy","volume":"11","author":"Raskov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2205360119","article-title":"Microenvironmental sensing by fibroblasts controls macrophage population size","volume":"119","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aao3469","article-title":"Cadherin-11\u2013mediated adhesion of macrophages to myofibroblasts establishes a profibrotic niche of active TGF-\u03b2","volume":"12","author":"Lodyga","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adp4726","article-title":"Acute contact with profibrotic macrophages mechanically activates fibroblasts via \u03b1v\u03b23 integrin\u2013mediated engagement of Piezo1","volume":"10","author":"Ezzo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2022.113301","article-title":"Macrophages alter inflammatory and fibrotic gene expression in human vocal fold fibroblasts","volume":"419","author":"Nakamura","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.112131","article-title":"Platelet-instructed SPP1+ macrophages drive myofibroblast activation in fibrosis in a CXCL4-dependent manner","volume":"42","author":"Hoeft","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adbi.201900220","article-title":"3D Scaffold-Based Macrophage Fibroblast Coculture Model Reveals IL-10 Dependence of Wound Resolution Phase","volume":"4","author":"Ullm","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Biosyst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1038\/s41536-021-00193-5","article-title":"3D in vitro M2 macrophage model to mimic modulation of tissue repair","volume":"6","author":"Sapudom","year":"2021","journal-title":"npj Regen. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.02.777","article-title":"Macrophage phenotypes modulate neoangiogenesis and fibroblast profiles in synovial-like organoid cultures","volume":"33","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1039\/C9BM00900K","article-title":"Human fibroblast-macrophage tissue spheroids demonstrate ratio-dependent fibrotic activity for in vitro fibrogenesis model development","volume":"8","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6499","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-34241-5","article-title":"Understanding fibrosis pathogenesis via modeling macrophage-fibroblast interplay in immune-metabolic context","volume":"13","author":"Setten","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s40580-025-00529-7","article-title":"Engineering an immune-integrated lung-on-a-chip to reveal TOX\u2013RAGE axis\u2013driven fibrosis and RAGE blockade as a therapeutic strategy","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nano Converg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1188835","article-title":"A novel 3D spheroid model of rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue incorporating fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages","volume":"14","author":"Philippon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202305852","article-title":"Human Fibroblast-Derived Matrix Hydrogel Accelerates Regenerative Wound Remodeling Through the Interactions with Macrophages","volume":"11","author":"Savitri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib73","article-title":"Modeling mechanical activation of macrophages during pulmonary fibrogenesis for targeted anti-fibrosis therapy","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2022.12.005","article-title":"Fibroblast Activation Protein Activates Macrophages and Promotes Parenchymal Liver Inflammation and Fibrosis","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1900814","article-title":"Tuning Macrophage Phenotype to Mitigate Skeletal Muscle Fibrosis","volume":"204","author":"Stepien","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-19-0959","article-title":"M2b Macrophages Regulate Cardiac Fibroblast Activation and Alleviate Cardiac Fibrosis After Reperfusion Injury","volume":"84","author":"Yue","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib77","article-title":"Myeloid-mesenchymal crosstalk drives ARG1-dependent profibrotic metabolism via ornithine in lung fibrosis","volume":"135","author":"Yadav","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09709-6","article-title":"Dynamic fibroblast contractions attract remote macrophages in fibrillar collagen matrix","volume":"10","author":"Pakshir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15030807","article-title":"Chitosan-Based Biomaterials for Tissue Regeneration","volume":"15","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1433","DOI":"10.1002\/term.2560","article-title":"A co-culture system with three different primary human cell populations reveals that biomaterials and MSC modulate macrophage-driven fibroblast recruitment","volume":"12","author":"Caires","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2021.121006","article-title":"A fully defined matrix to support a pluripotent stem cell derived multi-cell-liver steatohepatitis and fibrosis model","volume":"276","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6401","DOI":"10.1039\/D5LC00469A","article-title":"Immune-integrated cardiac fibrosis-on-a-chip: a 3D microfluidic device for region\u2013specific immune\u2013cardiac crosstalk in the fibrotic heart","volume":"25","author":"Ji","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2024.05.011","article-title":"Primitive macrophages enable long-term vascularization of human heart-on-a-chip platforms","volume":"31","author":"Landau","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib84","article-title":"From Arteries to Capillaries: Approaches to Engineering Human Vasculature","volume":"30","author":"Fleischer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2019.12.010","article-title":"Bioengineered 3D Models to Recapitulate Tissue Fibrosis","volume":"38","author":"Sacchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2022.12.018","article-title":"Organs-on-a-chip: a union of tissue engineering and microfabrication","volume":"41","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2021.102179","article-title":"Engineered models of tumor metastasis with immune cell contributions","volume":"24","author":"Graney","year":"2021","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2016.00012","article-title":"In Vitro Tumor Models: Advantages, Disadvantages, Variables, and Selecting the Right Platform","volume":"4","author":"Katt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3593","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47949-3","article-title":"Macrophage-fibroblast JAK\/STAT dependent crosstalk promotes liver metastatic outgrowth in pancreatic cancer","volume":"15","author":"Raymant","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3291","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-22-1427","article-title":"Lipid-Associated Macrophages Are Induced by Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and Mediate Immune Suppression in Breast Cancer","volume":"82","author":"Timperi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-12556-9","article-title":"Development of tetraculture spheroids as a versatile 3D model for personalized breast cancer research","volume":"15","author":"Piwocka","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202300164","article-title":"In Vitro 3D Spheroid Model Preserves Tumor Microenvironment of Hot and Cold Breast Cancer Subtypes","volume":"12","author":"Dhandapani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182039","article-title":"Pancreatic cancer cell\/fibroblast co-culture induces M2 like macrophages that influence therapeutic response in a 3D model","volume":"12","author":"Kuen","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10080969","article-title":"Monocyte Infiltration and Differentiation in 3D Multicellular Spheroid Cancer Models","volume":"10","author":"Madsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.881207","article-title":"Development of a Multicellular 3D Tumor Model to Study Cellular Heterogeneity and Plasticity in NSCLC Tumor Microenvironment","volume":"12","author":"Arora","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2020.0095","article-title":"A Co-Culture System of Three-Dimensional Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Three-Dimensional Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Combined with Biomolecule Release for Cancer Cell Migration","volume":"26","author":"Nii","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-023-01579-x","article-title":"Fibrosis induced by resident macrophages has divergent roles in pancreas inflammatory injury and PDAC","volume":"24","author":"Baer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib98","article-title":"Smad3 Promotes Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Generation via Macrophage\u2013Myofibroblast Transition","volume":"9","author":"Tang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4064","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17914-x","article-title":"FGF2 alters macrophage polarization, tumour immunity and growth and can be targeted during radiotherapy","volume":"11","author":"Im","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2022.02.024","article-title":"Stromal HIF2 Regulates Immune Suppression in the Pancreatic Cancer Microenvironment","volume":"162","author":"Garcia Garcia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2010.05.019","article-title":"Importance of CCL2-CCR2A\/2B signaling for monocyte migration into spheroids of breast cancer-derived fibroblasts","volume":"215","author":"Ksiazkiewicz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2022.104574","article-title":"In vitro 2D and 3D cancer models to evaluate compounds that modulate macrophage polarization","volume":"378","author":"Helleberg Madsen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib103","unstructured":"Sen. Paul, R. [R-K. (2022). S.5002 - 117th Congress (2021-2022): FDA Modernization Act 2.0. https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/117th-congress\/senate-bill\/5002."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202002030","article-title":"Is it Time for Reviewer 3 to Request Human Organ Chip Experiments Instead of Animal Validation Studies?","volume":"7","author":"Ingber","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2022.114181","article-title":"Engineering complexity in human tissue models of cancer","volume":"184","author":"Ronaldson-Bouchard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0b013e3182116e39","article-title":"Fibroblasts and Myofibroblasts: What Are We Talking About?","volume":"57","author":"Baum","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202509242","article-title":"Integrating Hierarchical Vasculature into Engineered Cardiac Tissues","volume":"37","author":"Zhuang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3346","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-58450-w","article-title":"Generation of induced alveolar assembloids with functional alveolar-like macrophages","volume":"16","author":"Kang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06713-1","article-title":"iPS-cell-derived microglia promote brain organoid maturation via cholesterol transfer","volume":"623","author":"Park","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2511596122","article-title":"Engineered 3D immuno-glial-neurovascular human miBrain model","volume":"122","author":"Stanton","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2018.11.016","article-title":"Generation of mature kupffer cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells","volume":"192","author":"Tasnim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.114302","article-title":"Macrophages enhance contractile force in iPSC-derived human engineered cardiac tissue","volume":"43","author":"Lock","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2024.05.011","article-title":"Primitive macrophages enable long-term vascularization of human heart-onchip platforms","volume":"31","author":"Landau","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-bioeng-110220-115419","article-title":"Regulation of Tumor Invasion by the Physical Microenvironment: Lessons from Breast and Brain Cancer","volume":"24","author":"Beeghly","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-021-01057-5","article-title":"Next-generation cancer organoids","volume":"21","author":"LeSavage","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2023.122428","article-title":"Engineered 3D ex vivo models to recapitulate the complex stromal and immune interactions within the tumor microenvironment","volume":"305","author":"Ravi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib117","first-page":"1008","article-title":"Three-dimensional cardiac microtissues composed of cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells co-differentiated from human pluripotent stem cells","volume":"144","author":"Giacomelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2025.09.011","article-title":"Human heart-macrophage assembloids mimic immune-cardiac interactions and enable arrhythmia disease modeling","volume":"32","author":"O\u2019Hern","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-018-0007-6","article-title":"Organoids in cancer research","volume":"18","author":"Drost","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2405257121","article-title":"An engineered model of metastatic colonization of human bone marrow reveals breast cancer cell remodeling of the hematopoietic niche","volume":"121","author":"Baldassarri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ade7880","article-title":"3D bioprinting of dynamic hydrogel bioinks enabled by small molecule modulators","volume":"9","author":"Hull","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaw2459","article-title":"Biomanufacturing of organ-specific tissues with high cellular density and embedded vascular channels","volume":"5","author":"Skylar-Scott","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4346","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40006-5","article-title":"Spatially controlled construction of assembloids using bioprinting","volume":"14","author":"Roth","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2025.03.002","article-title":"Bioprinted platform for parallelized screening of engineered microtissues in vivo","volume":"32","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib125","article-title":"Organoid bioprinting to pattern the matrix microenvironment","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.06.044","article-title":"Matrix Elasticity Directs Stem Cell Lineage Specification","volume":"126","author":"Engler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/aaafbc","article-title":"Matrix stiffness and tumor-associated macrophages modulate epithelial to mesenchymal transition of human adenocarcinoma cells","volume":"10","author":"Alonso-Nocelo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biofabrication"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9292","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1605317113","article-title":"Intratumoral oxygen gradients mediate sarcoma cell invasion","volume":"113","author":"Lewis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adp3789","article-title":"Perivascular cells function as key mediators of mechanical and structural changes in vascular capillaries","volume":"11","author":"Franca","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-023-00591-9","article-title":"Engineering biomaterials to tailor the microenvironment for macrophage\u2013endothelium interactions","volume":"8","author":"Guan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202403860","article-title":"Acute Three-Dimensional Hypoxia Regulates Angiogenesis","volume":"14","author":"Ntekoumes","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2023.06.002","article-title":"Collagen VI deposition mediates stromal T cell trapping through inhibition of T cell motility in the prostate tumor microenvironment","volume":"121","author":"Pruitt","year":"2023","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-024-01532-6","article-title":"Differential stiffness between brain vasculature and parenchyma promotes metastatic infiltration through vessel co-option","volume":"26","author":"Uroz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib134","article-title":"Engineered Hydrogels for Organoid Models of Human Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3108","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.9b00445","article-title":"Subtle Regulation of Scaffold Stiffness for the Optimized Control of Cell Behavior","volume":"2","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Bio Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-024-01908-x","article-title":"Engineered matrices reveal stiffness-mediated chemoresistance in patient-derived pancreatic cancer organoids","volume":"23","author":"LeSavage","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-022-01400-4","article-title":"Matrix viscoelasticity controls spatiotemporal tissue organization","volume":"22","author":"Elosegui-Artola","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06991-9","article-title":"Matrix viscoelasticity promotes liver cancer progression in the pre-cirrhotic liver","volume":"626","author":"Fan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI168146","article-title":"Engineered hydrogel reveals contribution of matrix mechanics to esophageal adenocarcinoma and identifies matrix-activated therapeutic targets","volume":"133","author":"Cruz-Acu\u00f1a","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202202992","article-title":"Microstructured Hydrogels to Guide Self-Assembly and Function of Lung Alveolospheres","volume":"34","author":"Loebel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2390","DOI":"10.1039\/D4LC01089B","article-title":"Vascularized tumor-on-a-chip to investigate immunosuppression of CAR-T cells","volume":"25","author":"Bains","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.120470","article-title":"The effects of luminal and trans-endothelial fluid flows on the extravasation and tissue invasion of tumor cells in a 3D in vitro microvascular platform","volume":"265","author":"Hajal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13515","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1210182109","article-title":"Three-dimensional microfluidic model for tumor cell intravasation and endothelial barrier function","volume":"109","author":"Zervantonakis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-022-00882-6","article-title":"A multi-organ chip with matured tissue niches linked by vascular flow","volume":"6","author":"Ronaldson-Bouchard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2020.11.014","article-title":"Multiorgan-on-a-Chip: A Systemic Approach To Model and Decipher Inter-Organ Communication","volume":"39","author":"Picollet-D\u2019hahan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2024.11.003","article-title":"Self-organization of the hematopoietic vascular niche and emergent innate immunity on a chip","volume":"31","author":"Georgescu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222_bib147","article-title":"Modeling the Effects of Protracted Cosmic Radiation in a Human Organ-on-Chip Platform","volume":"11","author":"Tavakol","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."}],"container-title":["Med"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666634026002254?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666634026002254?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T15:34:33Z","timestamp":1789140873000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666634026002254"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":147,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2666634026002254"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-6340"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-6340","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Immune-stromal interactions at the crossroads of tissue injury, repair, and tumor progression","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Med","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.medj.2026.101222","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101222"}}