{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T03:45:32Z","timestamp":1791171932085,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,1]],"date-time":"2005-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107216000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,1]],"date-time":"2005-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107216000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","em-consulte.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["M\u00e9decine et Maladies Infectieuses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,10]],"date-time":"2005-02-10T23:35:50Z","timestamp":1108078550000},"page":"49-61","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Les maladies infectieuses \u00e9mergentes\u00a0: importance en sant\u00e9 publique, aspects \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques, d\u00e9terminants et pr\u00e9vention"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"J.-C.","family":"Desenclos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"De Valk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.epirev.a018024","article-title":"Infectious disease epidemiology in the 21st century: will it be eradicated or will it reemerge","volume":"22","author":"Reingold","year":"2000","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib2","series-title":"Emerging infections: microbial threats to health in the United States","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib3","series-title":"Addressing emerging infectious diseases threats: a prevention strategy for the United States, Atlanta Georgia: US Dept of Health and Human Services","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0403.980305","article-title":"Global Surveillance of Communicable Diseases","volume":"4","author":"Heymann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0101.950102","article-title":"Factors in the Emergence of Infectious Diseases","volume":"1","author":"Morse","year":"1995","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib6","series-title":"Control of Communicable diseases in man. 17th edition","first-page":"577","author":"Chin","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib7","first-page":"177","article-title":"L\u2019infection par le virus de l\u2019h\u00e9patite C dans le monde\u00a0: importance en sant\u00e9 publique, modes de transmission et perspectives","volume":"7","author":"Desenclos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Virologie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib8","first-page":"104","article-title":"Investigation de 22 cas de contamination parle virus de l\u2019h\u00e9patite C dans un centre d\u2019h\u00e9modialyse, B\u00e9ziers, 2001\u20132002","volume":"16","author":"Savey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bull. Epidemiol. Hebdo."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib9","first-page":"149","article-title":"Les progr\u00e8s de la surveillance et de la pr\u00e9vention de la l\u00e9gionellose","volume":"30","author":"Desenclos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bull. Epidemiol. Hebdo."},{"issue":"9207","key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)06527-7","article-title":"The role of parenteral antischistosomal therapy in the spread of hepatitis C virus in Egypt","volume":"355","author":"Frank","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib11","series-title":"Infectious diseases of humans: dynamics and controls","author":"Anderson","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp048039","article-title":"Crossing the species barier-one small step to man, one giant leap to mankind","volume":"305","author":"Klempner","year":"2004","journal-title":"NEJM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib13","first-page":"305","article-title":"Clinical description of human cases of influenza A (H5N1) in Viet Nam. 2004","author":"Tinh","year":"2004","journal-title":"NEJM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02104","article-title":"The role of evolution in the emergence of infectious diseases","volume":"426","author":"Antia","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib15","first-page":"1245","article-title":"Isolation of avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses from humans-Hong-Kong, 1997-98","volume":"26","year":"1998","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koopmans M, Fouchier R, Wilbrink B, et al. Human infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus A\/H7N7 during an outbreak in poultry in the Netherlands. Eurosurveillance 2003;7(http:\/\/www.eurosurveillance.org\/ew\/2003\/030501.asp).","DOI":"10.2807\/esw.07.18.02217-en"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib17","first-page":"561","article-title":"Multistate Outbreak of Monkeypox --- Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin, 2003","volume":"52","year":"2003","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib18","unstructured":"Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention. West Nile Virus 2002 case count. http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncidod\/dvbid\/westnile\/surv&controlCaseCount02.htm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib19","first-page":"174","article-title":"Les l\u00e9gionelloses d\u00e9clar\u00e9es en France en 2003","volume":"36","author":"Camp\u00e9se","year":"2003","journal-title":"InVS. Bull. Epidemiol. Hebdo."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022987","article-title":"Transmission of West Nile virus from organ donor to four transplant recipients","volume":"348","author":"Iwamoto","year":"2003","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib21","first-page":"161","article-title":"Surveillance du West Nile en France en 2001","volume":"33","author":"Perra","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bull. Epidemiol. Hebdo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1094247","article-title":"Emerging vectors in the culex pipiens complex","volume":"3003","author":"Fonseca","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"9010","key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90730-8","article-title":"Mosquitoes, models, and dengue","volume":"347","author":"Lifson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2000.62.513","article-title":"New insights on the emergence of cholera in Latin America during 1991: the Peruvian experience","volume":"62","author":"Seas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib25","first-page":"67","article-title":"Risque alimentaire infectieux\u00a0: les questions de sant\u00e9 publique et de recherche qui se posent dans le domaine justifient elles de nouveaux recueils de donn\u00e9es\u00a0?","volume":"50","author":"Desenclos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev Epidemiol. Sante Pub."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib26","first-page":"109","article-title":"Augmentation du nombre de gonococcies identifi\u00e9es par le r\u00e9seau RENAGO","volume":"26","author":"Goulet","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bull. Epidemiol. Hebdo."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib27","first-page":"168","article-title":"R\u00e9surgence de la syphilis en France 2000, 2001","volume":"35","author":"Couturier","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bull. Epidemiol. Hebdo."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib28","first-page":"54","article-title":"Les cas de tuberculose d\u00e9clar\u00e9s en France en 2001","volume":"10","author":"Caihlol","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bull. Epidemiol. Hebdo."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib29","first-page":"133","article-title":"Surveillance du SIDA en France\u00a0: situation au 31\u00a0mars 2002","volume":"27","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bull. Epidemiol. Hebdo."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib30","series-title":"Recrudescence des prises de risque et des MST parmi les gays. R\u00e9sultats pr\u00e9liminaires de l\u2019enqu\u00eate presse gay 2000","author":"Adam","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib31","unstructured":"Institut de Veille Sanitaire. Emergence de la Lymphogranulomatose v\u00e9n\u00e9rienne rectale en France\u00a0: cas estim\u00e9s au 31\u00a0mars 2004. Synth\u00e8se r\u00e9alis\u00e9e le 1er juin 2004. http:\/\/www.invs.sante.fr\/actualite\/index.htm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1004.030754","article-title":"Bacterial resistance to antibiotics: public health consequences and risks","volume":"10","author":"Desenclos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib33","first-page":"1102","article-title":"Antimicrobial Resistance among Campylobacter Strains, United States, 1997\u20132001","volume":"10","author":"Gupta","year":"2004","journal-title":"EID"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib34","first-page":"1056","article-title":"Quinolone-resistant Campylobacter Infections in Denmark: Risk factors and Clinical Consequences","volume":"10","author":"Engberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"EID"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib35","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Pandemic preparedeness. http:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/disease\/influenza\/pandemic\/en\/ (consult\u00e9 le 19.10\/04)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0706.010610","article-title":"Important reduction in the reduction of human listeriosis, in a context of preventive efforts in France","volume":"7","author":"Goulet","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.4.1423-1433.2003","article-title":"International collaborative study to compare reverse transcriptase PCR assays for detection and genotyping of noroviruses","volume":"41","author":"Vinje","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib38","first-page":"182","article-title":"Schmidt-Ehry. The distribution and spread of schistosomiasis in relation to water resources development in Mali","volume":"39","author":"Brinkmann","year":"1988","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib39","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Cumulative number of reported probable cases of SARS. Geneva, Switzerland. http:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/sarscountry\/2003_05_09\/en\/ (consult\u00e9 le 13\/04\/04)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.03.08.00120-en","article-title":"Historique des \u00e9pid\u00e9mies de trichinellose li\u00e9es \u00e0 la consommation de viande chevaline, 1975\u20131998","volume":"3","author":"Ancelle","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.5.654","article-title":"Challenges for communicable diseases surveillance and control in southern Iraq, April-June 2003","volume":"290","author":"Valenciano","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib42","series-title":"Rapport Institut de Veille Sanitaire","article-title":"Enqu\u00eate cas-t\u00e9moins sur les facteurs de risque de la leptospirose","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/144.4.745","article-title":"Resurgent tuberculosis in New York City","volume":"144","author":"Brudney","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. Rev. Respir. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib44","first-page":"63","article-title":"Investigation de cas de rougeole en r\u00e9gion Provence-Alpes-C\u00f4te-d'Azur au cours du premier semestre 2003","volume":"16","author":"Six","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bull. Epidemiol. Hebdo."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib45","first-page":"179","article-title":"\u00c9pid\u00e9mie Communautaire de l\u00e9gionellose, Pas-de-Calais, France, novembre 2003\u2013janvier 2004","volume":"36","author":"Micquel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bull. Epidemiol. Hebdo."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib46","first-page":"181","article-title":"Enqu\u00eate cas-t\u00e9moins de cas group\u00e9s communautaires de l\u00e9gionellose, Pas de Calais, France, novembre 2003-janvier 2004","volume":"36","author":"Tran Minh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bull. Epidemiol. Hebdo."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221s","DOI":"10.1016\/S0399-077X(00)89093-9","article-title":"La surveillance des maladies infectieuses et l\u2019expertise microbiologique\u00a0: compl\u00e9mentarit\u00e9 et interaction \u00e0 propos de l\u2019exp\u00e9rience du R\u00e9seau National de Sant\u00e9 Publique et de l\u2019Institut de Veille Sanitaire","volume":"30","author":"Desenclos","year":"2000","journal-title":"M\u00e9d. Mal. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0602.000201","article-title":"Rumors of Disease in the Global Village:Outbreak Verification","volume":"6","author":"Grein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib49","unstructured":"Organisation Mondiale de la Sant\u00e9. R\u00e8glement sanitaire international. Document de travail \u00e0 l\u2019intention des consultations r\u00e9gionales, 12\u00a0janvier 2004. http:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/resources\/publications\/IGWG_IHR_WP12-03-fr.pdf (consult\u00e9 le 13\/08\/04)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005_bib50","first-page":"115","article-title":"Les bases \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques de la ma\u00eetrise de la transmission du SRAS","volume":"24\u201325","author":"L\u00e9vy Bruhl","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bull. Epidemiol. Hebdo."}],"container-title":["M\u00e9decine et Maladies Infectieuses"],"original-title":[],"language":"fr","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0399077X04002860?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0399077X04002860?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T00:51:27Z","timestamp":1759971087000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0399077X04002860"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0399077X04002860"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0399-077X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0399-077X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Les maladies infectieuses \u00e9mergentes\u00a0: importance en sant\u00e9 publique, aspects \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques, d\u00e9terminants et pr\u00e9vention","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"M\u00e9decine et Maladies Infectieuses","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.medmal.2004.09.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2005 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}