{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T08:28:26Z","timestamp":1790411306410,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]],"date-time":"2006-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162339200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infection, Genetics and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,6]],"date-time":"2006-05-06T10:24:57Z","timestamp":1146911097000},"page":"484-490","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Microsatellite typing reveals strong genetic structure of Schistosoma mansoni from localities in Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"L.E.","family":"Agola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.N.","family":"Mburu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.J.","family":"DeJong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.N.","family":"Mungai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.M.","family":"Muluvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.N.M.","family":"Njagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.S.","family":"Loker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.M.","family":"Mkoji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(08)60425-X","article-title":"Population biology of parasitic nematodes: application of genetic markers","volume":"41","author":"Anderson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Adv. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1980.29.890","article-title":"Susceptibility to chemotherapeutic agents of strain of Schistosoma mansoni isolates from treated and untreated patients","volume":"29","author":"Araujo","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/141.3.1007","article-title":"Host movement and the genetic structure of parasitic nematodes","volume":"141","author":"Blouin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294X.1996.00098.x","article-title":"A simple method for estimating null allele frequency from heterozygote deficiency","volume":"5","author":"Brookfield","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib5","series-title":"Freshwater Snails of Africa and Medical Importance","author":"Brown","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4758(97)90019-3","article-title":"This wormy world\u2014then and now","volume":"13","author":"Bundy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Parasitol. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/85.3.611","article-title":"Gene flow accelerates local adaptation among finite populations: simulating the evolution of insecticide resistance","volume":"85","author":"Caprio","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Econ. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(87)90032-0","article-title":"Tolerance of Kenyan Schistosoma mansoni to oxaminiquine","volume":"81","author":"Coles","year":"1987","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-8278.2001.00053.x","article-title":"Microsatellites loci in human blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni and their utility for other Schistosome species","volume":"1","author":"Curtis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol. Notes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182002002020","article-title":"Schistosome genetic diversity: the implication of population structure as detected with microsatellite markers","volume":"125","author":"Curtis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(97)00670-0","article-title":"Distribution and genetic diversity of Schistosoma haematobium within its bulinid intermediate hosts in Mali","volume":"66","author":"Dabo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Tropica."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182099004722","article-title":"Host-parasite population genetics: a cross-sectional comparison of Bulinus globosus and Schistosoma haematobium","volume":"119","author":"Davies","year":"1999","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(82)90235-8","article-title":"Use of praziquantel in patient with Schistosoma mansoni previously treated with oxaminiquine and\/or hycanthone: resistance of Schistosoma mansoni to schistosomicidal agents","volume":"76","author":"Dias","year":"1982","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2002)088[0232:DOSIIM]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Distribution of schistosome infections in molluscan hosts at different levels of parasite prevalence","volume":"88","author":"Eppert","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.2307\/2408678","article-title":"Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap","volume":"39","author":"Felsenstein","year":"1985","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2003.09.005","article-title":"Drugs for the control of parasitic disease: current status and development of schistosomiasis","volume":"19","author":"Fenwick","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib17","unstructured":"Goudet, J., 2000. FSTAT, A Program to Estimate and Test Gene Diversities and Fixation Indices (Version 2.9.3). http:\/\/www.unil.ch\/software\/fstat.html."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4758(00)01711-7","article-title":"Schistosomiasis vaccine: a response to devils\u2019 advocate's view","volume":"16","author":"Hagan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Parasitol. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(86)90154-2","article-title":"Schistosoma mansoni: comparison of a Caribbean and African strain and experimental crossing based on compatibility with intermediate hosts Rattus rattus","volume":"61","author":"Imbert-Establet","year":"1986","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.60.932","article-title":"Resistance to praziquantel: direct evidence from Schistosoma mansoni isolated from Egyptian villagers","volume":"60","author":"Ismael","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66457-4","article-title":"Reassessment of cost of chronic helmintic infection: a meta analysis of disability-related outcomes in endemicschistosomiasis","volume":"365","author":"King","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1093\/mollus\/65.4.425","article-title":"Population structure of Biomphalaria glabrata, intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni in Guadeloupe Island, using RAPD markers","volume":"65","author":"Langand","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Mollus. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib23","first-page":"209","article-title":"The detection of diseases clustering and a generalized regression approach","volume":"27","author":"Mantel","year":"1967","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000064970","article-title":"Distribution of schistosome genetic diversity within molluscan intermediate hosts","volume":"111","author":"Minchella","year":"1995","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2003)089[0416:FROANH]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"First report of a natural hybrid between Schistosoma mansoni and S. rodhaini","volume":"89","author":"Morgan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3889","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2005.02709.x","article-title":"Origin and diversification of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni","volume":"14","author":"Morgan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02300753","article-title":"Accuracy of estimated phylogenetictrees from molecular data","volume":"19","author":"Nei","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Mol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib28","series-title":"Dispan: Genetic Distance and Phylogenetic analysis","author":"Ota","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2005.tb00990.x","article-title":"Dispersal in a parasitic worm and its two hosts: consequnce for local adaptation","volume":"59","author":"Prugnolle","year":"2005","journal-title":"Evol. Int. Org. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raymond, M., Rousset, F., 1997. GENEPOP (version 3.3) http:\/\/www.wbiomed.edu.au\/genepop\/. Updated from Raymond M and Rousset F, 1995. GENEPOP (version 1.2): a population genetics software for exact tests and ecumenicism. J. Herd. 86, 248\u2013249.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111573"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/105.3.767","article-title":"Estimation of the coancestry coefficient: basis for a short-term genetic distance","volume":"105","author":"Reynolds","year":"1983","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(02)00031-0","article-title":"Populational structure of Schistosoma mansoni assessed by DNA microsatellites","volume":"32","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib33","series-title":"Handbook of Statistical Genetics","article-title":"Inferences from spatial population genetics","author":"Rousset","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib34","first-page":"406","article-title":"The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic tree","volume":"4","author":"Saitou","year":"1987","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(66)90004-6","article-title":"The infectivity and pathogenicity of geographical strains of Schistosoma mansoni","volume":"60","author":"Saoud","year":"1966","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.2307\/3285775","article-title":"Genetic diversity and recruitment pattern of Schistosoma mansoni in a Biomphalaria glabrata snail population: a field study using randomly-amplified polymorphic DNA markers","volume":"85","author":"Sire","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.16.1.393","article-title":"Gene flow in natural populations","volume":"16","author":"Slatkin","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.2307\/2410134","article-title":"Isolation by distance in equilibrium and non-equilibrium populations","volume":"47","author":"Slatkin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000086248","article-title":"The infection of laboratory hosts with cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni and the recovery of adult worms","volume":"55","author":"Smithers","year":"1965","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2003.11.026","article-title":"A comparison of microsatellite polymorphism and heterozygosity among field and laboratory populations of Schistosoma mansoni","volume":"34","author":"Stohler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.2307\/3284469","article-title":"Host-parasite relationships in infections with two Kenyan isolates of Schistosoma mansoni in NMRI mice","volume":"83","author":"Thiongo","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.2144\/00291bm09","article-title":"Preparation of PCR-quality mouse genomic DNA with hot sodium hydroxide and tris (Hotshot)","volume":"29","author":"Truett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biotechniques"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib43","series-title":"The Biology of Schistosomes from Genes to Latrines","first-page":"185","article-title":"Consequences of infections with schistosomes","author":"Von Lichtenberg","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib44","series-title":"Genetic Data Analysis","author":"Weir","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.2307\/2408641","article-title":"Estimating F-statistics for the analysis of population structure","volume":"38","author":"Weir","year":"1984","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002_bib46","unstructured":"WHO, 2002. Prevention and Control of Schistosomiasis and Soil-transmitted Helminthiasis. Report of a WHO expert committee, WHO Technical Report Series 912."}],"container-title":["Infection, Genetics and Evolution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567134806000360?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567134806000360?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T19:49:31Z","timestamp":1627328971000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1567134806000360"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1567134806000360"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-1348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-1348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]}}}