{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T11:51:44Z","timestamp":1775303504500,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infection, Genetics and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,20]],"date-time":"2007-11-20T12:21:08Z","timestamp":1195561268000},"page":"146-151","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["HIV-1 protecting CCR5-\u039432 allele in medieval Poland"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Przemys\u0142aw","family":"Zawicki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henryk W.","family":"Witas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0797-221","article-title":"The extent of genetic variation in the CCR5 gene","volume":"16","author":"Ansari-Lari","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.2114\/jpa.24.375","article-title":"Is spatial distribution of the HIV-1-resistant CCR5Delta32 allele formed by ecological factors?","volume":"24","author":"Balanovsky","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Anthropol. Appl. Hum. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/10606820212135","article-title":"CCR5 and HIV infection","volume":"8","author":"Blanpain","year":"2002","journal-title":"Recept. Channels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1086\/301645","article-title":"Novel alleles of the chemokine-receptor gene CCR5","volume":"61","author":"Carrington","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.11.2057","article-title":"Natural infection of a homozygous delta24 CCR5 red-capped mangabey with an R2b-tropic simian immunodeficiency virus","volume":"188","author":"Chen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib6","first-page":"209","article-title":"Towards an optimal method of archaeological collagen extraction; the influence of pH and grinding","volume":"2","author":"Collins","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anc. Biomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5283.1856","article-title":"Genetic restriction of HIV-1 infection and progression to AIDS by a deletion allele of the CKR5 structural gene","volume":"273","author":"Dean","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2004.024075","article-title":"What caused Black Death?","volume":"81","author":"Duncan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02822","article-title":"Evolutionary genetics: ambiguous role of CCR5 in Y. pestis infection","volume":"430","author":"Elvin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1133515","article-title":"Dendritic cell stimulation by mycobacterial Hsp70 is mediated through CCR5","volume":"314","author":"Floto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15276","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2435085100","article-title":"Evaluating plague and smallpox as historical selective pressures for the CCR5-\u039432 HIV-resistance allele","volume":"100","author":"Galvani","year":"2003","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2004.12.006","article-title":"The evolutionary history of the CCR5-Delta32 HIV-resistance mutation","volume":"7","author":"Galvani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Microbes Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20051970","article-title":"CCR5 deficiency increases risk of symptomatic West Nile virus infection","volume":"203","author":"Glass","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2006.04.007","article-title":"\u201cGround truth\u201d for selection on CCR5-Delta32","volume":"22","author":"Hedrick","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib15","series-title":"Ancient DNA typing: methods, strategies, and applications","author":"Hummel","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6364172","article-title":"Detection of the CCR5-Delta32 HIV resistance gene in Bronze Age skeletons","volume":"6","author":"Hummel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Genes Immun."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(97)00617-3","article-title":"First report of a healthy Indian heterozygous for delta 32 mutant of HIV-1 co-receptor-CCR5 gene","volume":"207","author":"Husain","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s100380070014","article-title":"Distribution of 32 alelle of the CCR5 gene in the population of Poland","volume":"45","author":"Jagodzi\u0144ski","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e49","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0020049","article-title":"CCR5 is essential for NK cell trafficking and host survival following Toxoplasmagondii infection","volume":"2","author":"Khan","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(01)00239-7","article-title":"Evolution of the CCR5 Delta32 mutation based on haplotype variation in Jewish and Northern European population samples","volume":"62","author":"Klitz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1127\/anthranz\/63\/2005\/13","article-title":"Frequency analysis of the delta32ccr5 HIV resistance allele in a medieval plague mass grave","volume":"63","author":"Kremeyer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anthropol. Anz."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.155.4.9105097","article-title":"Elevated chemokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of tuberculosis patients","volume":"155","author":"Kurashima","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1007\/s004390051128","article-title":"Absence of the deltaccr5 mutation in indigenous populations of the Brazilian Amazon","volume":"105","author":"Leboute","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/7.3.399","article-title":"The deltaccr5 mutation conferring protection against HIV-1 in Caucasian populations has a single and recent origin in North Eastern Europe","volume":"7","author":"Libert","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1159\/000048605","article-title":"Analysis of CCR5Delta32 geographic distribution and its correlation with some climatic and geographic factors","volume":"53","author":"Limborska","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum. Hered."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80110-5","article-title":"Homozygous defect in HIV-1 coreceptor accounts for resistance of some multiply-exposed individuals to HIV-1 infection","volume":"86","author":"Liu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/S1201-9712(99)90022-X","article-title":"Genotype and allele frequency of a 32-base pair deletion mutation in the CCR5 gene in various ethnic groups: absence of mutation among Asians and Pacific Islanders","volume":"3","author":"Lu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2003.07.001","article-title":"More about the Viking hypothesis of origin of the delta32 mutation in the CCR5 gene conferring resistance to HIV-1 infection","volume":"3","author":"Lucotte","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199810010-00011","article-title":"Distribution of the CCR5 gene 32-bp deletion in Europe","volume":"19","author":"Lucotte","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Acquir. Immune. Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0597-100","article-title":"Global distribution of the CCR5 gene 32-basepair deletion","volume":"16","author":"Martinson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0288-118","article-title":"The bubonic plague","volume":"258","author":"McEvedy","year":"1988","journal-title":"Sci. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1038\/427606a","article-title":"Evolutionary genetics: CCR5 mutation and plague protection","volume":"427","author":"Mecsas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1086\/367995","article-title":"CC chemokine receptor 5 genotype and susceptibility to transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in women","volume":"187","author":"Philpott","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5375.402","article-title":"Molecular coproscopy: dung and diet of the extinct ground sloth Nothrotheriops shastensis","volume":"281","author":"Poinar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1196-1174","article-title":"Chemokine receptors: gateways to inflammation and infection","volume":"2","author":"Premack","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)62697-9","article-title":"32bp CCR-5 gene deletion and resistance to fast progression in HIV-1 infected heterozygotes","volume":"349","author":"Rappaport","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.163.3.507","article-title":"Association between the CCR5 32-bp deletion allele and late onset of schizophrenia","volume":"163","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e378","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0030378","article-title":"The case for selection at CCR5-Delta32","volume":"3","author":"Sabeti","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.1999.00432.x","article-title":"Frequency of the CCR5 gene 32 basepair deletion in Hispanic Mexicans","volume":"24","author":"Salas-Alanis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1038\/382722a0","article-title":"Resistance to HIV-1 infection in Caucasian individuals bearing mutant alleles of the CCR-5 chemokine receptor gene","volume":"382","author":"Samson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6837","key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1038\/35079176","article-title":"Natural selection and resistance to HIV","volume":"411","author":"Schliekelman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib42","first-page":"579","article-title":"Historic exposure to plague and present-day frequency of CCR5del32 in two isolated islands communities of Dalmatia, Croatia","volume":"47","author":"Smoljanovi\u0107","year":"2006","journal-title":"Croat. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1086\/301867","article-title":"Dating the origin of the CCR5-Delta32 AIDS-resistance allele by the coalescence of haplotypes","volume":"62","author":"Stephens","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1038\/382275a0","article-title":"An agent cleaving glucose derived protein crosslinks in vitro and in vivo","volume":"382","author":"Vasan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R9","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddh075","article-title":"Patterns of ethnic diversity among the genes that influence AIDS","volume":"13","author":"Winkler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib46","first-page":"49","article-title":"Allele protecting against HIV (CCR5-\u039432) identified in early medieval specimens from Central Poland. Preliminary results","volume":"69","author":"Witas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prz. Antropol. Anthropol. Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1127\/anthranz\/60\/2002\/267","article-title":"Distribution of the CCR5 gene 32-basepair deletion in 11 Chinese populations","volume":"60","author":"Zhang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anthropol. Anz."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03401665","article-title":"Inherited resistance to HIV-1 conferred by an inactivating mutation in CC chemokine receptor 5: studies in populations with contrasting clinical phenotypes, defined racial background, and quantified risk","volume":"3","author":"Zimmerman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol. Med."}],"container-title":["Infection, Genetics and Evolution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567134807001736?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567134807001736?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T12:28:27Z","timestamp":1630153707000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1567134807001736"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1567134807001736"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.11.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-1348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-1348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}}}