{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:20:14Z","timestamp":1761895214729},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]],"date-time":"2011-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1298937600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infection, Genetics and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,5]],"date-time":"2011-01-05T09:29:32Z","timestamp":1294219772000},"page":"454-459","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Characterization of Vibrio cholerae O139 belonging to multiple ribotypes and isolated from diarrhoeal patients in Kerala, southern India"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"M.H.U. Turabe","family":"Fazil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Bhanumathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.P.","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.V.","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17801","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705599104","article-title":"Viable but nonculturable Vibrio cholerae O1 in biofilms in the aquatic environment and their role in cholera transmission","volume":"104","author":"Alam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000408","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000408","article-title":"The defective prophage pool of Escherichia coli O157: prophage\u2013prophage interactions potentiate horizontal transfer of virulence determinants","volume":"5","author":"Asadulghani","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0015","series-title":"Short Protocol in Molecular Biology","author":"Ausubel","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0602.000206","article-title":"Vibrio cholerae O139 in Calcutta, 1992\u20131998: incidence, antibiograms, and genotypes","volume":"6","author":"Basu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/45.4_ts.493","article-title":"Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method","volume":"45","author":"Bauer","year":"1966","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4779","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.12.4779-4781.2002","article-title":"Characterization of a toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O139 strain belonging to a new ribotype and isolated from a diarrheal patient","volume":"40","author":"Bhanumathi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2389","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.69.4.2389-2394.2003","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal isolated from water and the aquatic plant Eichhornia crassipes in the river Ganga, Varanasi, India","volume":"69","author":"Bhanumathi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2009.00590.x","article-title":"Changing genotypes of cholera toxin (CT) of Vibrio cholerae O139 in Bangladesh and description of three new CT genotypes","volume":"57","author":"Bhuiyan","year":"2009","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5530","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.19.5530-5538.2000","article-title":"Molecular analyses of a putative CTX\u03a6 precursor and evidence for independent acquisition of distinct CTX\u03a6s by toxigenic Vibrio cholerae","volume":"182","author":"Boyd","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46982-0","article-title":"Phenotypic and genotypic traits and epidemiological implication of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 strains in India during 2003","volume":"56","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0055","series-title":"Vibrio cholerae Genomics and Molecular Biology","first-page":"169","article-title":"Evolutionary relationships of pathogenic clones of Vibrio cholerae","author":"Coline Stine","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1126\/science.198.4315.394-a","article-title":"Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and other vibrios: occurrence and distribution in Chesapeake Bay","volume":"198","author":"Colwell","year":"1977","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(02)00005-X","article-title":"Filamentous phages linked to virulence of Vibrio cholerae","volume":"6","author":"Davis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.5.1304-1313.2002","article-title":"Allelic diversity and population structure in Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal based on nucleotide sequence analysis","volume":"184","author":"Farfan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.3.624-630.1997","article-title":"Emergence of a new clone of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor displacing V. cholerae O139 Bengal in Bangladesh","volume":"35","author":"Faruque","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.5.1313-1318.1999","article-title":"Molecular characterization of a new ribotype of Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal associated with an outbreak of cholera in Bangladesh","volume":"37","author":"Faruque","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2000.tb09027.x","article-title":"Genomic diversity among Vibrio cholerae O139 strains isolated in Bangladesh and India between 1992 and 1998","volume":"184","author":"Faruque","year":"2000","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0909.020443","article-title":"Reemergence of epidemic Vibrio cholerae O139, Bangladesh","volume":"9","author":"Faruque","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0337468100","article-title":"Emergence and evolution of Vibrio cholerae O139","volume":"100","author":"Faruque","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(83)90418-9","article-title":"A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity","volume":"132","author":"Feinberg","year":"1983","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0907.020760","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of O139 Vibrio cholerae: mutation, lateral gene transfer, and founder flush","volume":"9","author":"Garg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.8.1.48","article-title":"Cholera","volume":"8","author":"Kaper","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.09.073460","article-title":"Cholera in India: an analysis of reports, 1997\u20132006","volume":"88","author":"Kanungo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-144-5-1213","article-title":"Recombination between rRNA operons created most of the ribotype variation observed in the seventh pandemic clone of Vibrio cholerae","volume":"144","author":"Lan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2007.11.015","article-title":"El Tor and Calcutta CTX\u03a6 precursors coexisting with intact CTX\u03a6 copies in Vibrio cholerae O139 isolates","volume":"159","author":"Ledon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Res. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1758-2229.2009.00085.x","article-title":"Sequence analysis of Vibrio cholerae orfU and zot from pre-CTX\u0424 and CTX\u03a6 reveals multiple origin of pre-CTX\u0424 and CTX\u03a6","volume":"2","author":"Mantri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.05.015","article-title":"Effect of storage and sodium chloride on excision of CTX\u03a6 or pre-CTX\u03a6 and CTX\u03a6 from Vibrio cholerae O139 strains","volume":"10","author":"Mantri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infect. Gen. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(83)90228-3","article-title":"Duplication and amplification of toxin genes in Vibrio cholerae","volume":"35","author":"Mekalanos","year":"1983","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4211","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01304-06","article-title":"Cholera due to altered El Tor strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 in Bangladesh","volume":"44","author":"Nair","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5854","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.12.5854-5856.2004","article-title":"Diverse CTX phages among toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 strains isolated between 1994 and 2002 in an area where cholera is endemic in Bangladesh","volume":"42","author":"Nusrin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(99)10008-9","article-title":"Genetic approaches to study of biofilms","volume":"310","author":"O\u2019Toole","year":"1999","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46655-0","article-title":"Multiplex PCR for detection of antibiotic resistance genes and the SXT element: application in the characterization of Vibrio cholerae","volume":"56","author":"Ramachandran","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)90480-5","article-title":"Emergence of novel strain of Vibrio cholerae with epidemic potential in southern and eastern India","volume":"341","author":"Ramamurthy","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1406.080129","article-title":"Vibrio cholerae O1 hybrid El Tor strains, Asia and Africa","volume":"14","author":"Safa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.7.2635-2637.2002","article-title":"Escalating association of Vibrio cholerae O139 with cholera outbreaks in India","volume":"40","author":"Sinha","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4321","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.11.4321-4324.2002","article-title":"Development of a hexaplex PCR assay for rapid detection of virulence and regulatory genes in Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio mimicus","volume":"40","author":"Singh","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.2.910-921.2001","article-title":"Molecular analysis of Vibrio cholerae O1, O139, non-O1, and non-O139 strains: clonal relationships between clinical and environmental isolates","volume":"67","author":"Singh","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3348","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.12.3348-3350.1997","article-title":"Unique organization of the CTX genetic element in Vibrio cholerae O139 strains which reemerged in Calcatta, India, in September 1996","volume":"35","author":"Sharma","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(75)80083-0","article-title":"Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis","volume":"98","author":"Southern","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02601701","article-title":"Identification of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin by means of a ganglioside immunosorbent assay (GM1-ELISA)","volume":"1","author":"Svennerholm","year":"1978","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.1126\/science.272.5270.1910","article-title":"Lysogenic conversion by a filamentous phage encoding cholera toxin","volume":"272","author":"Waldor","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4157","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.178.14.4157-4165.1996","article-title":"A new type of conjugative transposon encodes resistance to sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and streptomycin in Vibrio cholerae O139","volume":"178","author":"Waldor","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."}],"container-title":["Infection, Genetics and Evolution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567134810003461?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567134810003461?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,15]],"date-time":"2020-06-15T08:35:03Z","timestamp":1592210103000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1567134810003461"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1567134810003461"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.meegid.2010.12.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-1348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-1348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]}}}