{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T14:50:39Z","timestamp":1791384639734,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":331,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infection, Genetics and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,24]],"date-time":"2018-09-24T16:57:44Z","timestamp":1537808264000},"page":"113-130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Genetics and roadblocks of drug resistant tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0339-1305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Perdig\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Portugal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm086","article-title":"Molecular characteristics of rifampicin- and isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from the Russian Federation","volume":"59","author":"Afanas'ev","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmad, S., Mokaddas, E., 2005. The occurrence of rare rpoB mutations in rifampicin-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Kuwait. Int J Antimicrob Agents 26, 205\u2013212.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.06.009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0015","series-title":"Frequency of embB codon 306 mutations in ethambutol-susceptible and -resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Kuwait. Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)","first-page":"123","volume":"87","author":"Ahmad","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2270","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.10.2270","article-title":"Role of embB in natural and acquired resistance to ethambutol in mycobacteria","volume":"41","author":"Alcaide","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3726","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00620-12","article-title":"Gene Sequencing for Routine Verification of Pyrazinamide Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a Role for pncA but Not rpsA","volume":"50","author":"Alexander","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5654","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05101-11","article-title":"Characterization of mutations conferring extensive drug resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Pakistan","volume":"55","author":"Ali","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4590","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00753-16","article-title":"Mutations in pepQ Confer Low-Level Resistance to Bedaquiline and Clofazimine in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"60","author":"Almeida","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762011000600003","article-title":"Clinical data and molecular analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Goias, Brazil","volume":"106","author":"Alves","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01691-09","article-title":"Identification of katG mutations associated with high-level isoniazid resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"54","author":"Ando","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1106753","article-title":"A diarylquinoline drug active on the ATP synthase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"307","author":"Andries","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science (New York, N.Y)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102135","article-title":"Acquired resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to bedaquiline","volume":"9","author":"Andries","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0060","series-title":"Do we have enough pieces to solve the pyrazinamide puzzle? J Antimicrob Chemother","article-title":"Happy the man, who, studying nature's laws, Thro' known effects can trace the secret cause","author":"Anthony","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aristimuno, L., Armengol, R., Cebollada, A., Espana, M., Guilarte, A., Lafoz, C., Lezcano, M.A., Revillo, M.J., Martin, C., Ramirez, C., Rastogi, N., Rojas, J., de Salas, A.V., Sola, C., Samper, S., 2006. Molecular characterisation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in the First National Survey of Anti-tuberculosis Drug Resistance from Venezuela. BMC Microbiol. 6, 90.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-6-90"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(82)80199-3","article-title":"Inhibition of DNA replication in vitro by pefloxacin","volume":"145","author":"Badet","year":"1982","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bakker-Woudenberg, I.A., van Vianen, W., van Soolingen, D., Verbrugh, H.A., van Agtmael, M.A., 2005. Antimycobacterial agents differ with respect to their bacteriostatic versus bactericidal activities in relation to time of exposure, mycobacterial growth phase, and their use in combination. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49, 2387\u20132398.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.6.2387-2398.2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.6.2009-2011.2003","article-title":"Molecular characterization of isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in Lithuania","volume":"47","author":"Bakonyte","year":"2003","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0085","first-page":"936","article-title":"Mutations in the rpoB gene of rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from Lithuania","volume":"9","author":"Bakonyte","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-12-191","article-title":"Drug resistance-conferring mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Madang, Papua New Guinea","volume":"12","author":"Ballif","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl363","article-title":"pncA mutations in pyrazinamide-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from the southeast region of Brazil","volume":"58","author":"Barco","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2539","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-144-9-2539","article-title":"Mechanism of isoniazid uptake in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"144","author":"Bardou","year":"1998","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2014.12.004","article-title":"Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of aminoglycoside-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Latvia","volume":"81","author":"Bauskenieks","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.2.5.390","article-title":"Uptake and binding of 14C-ethambutol by tubercle bacilli and the relation of binding to growth inhibition","author":"Beggs","year":"1972","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0115","series-title":"Fitness of acquired drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from DOTS compliant patients. Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)","first-page":"418","volume":"93","author":"Bhatter","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.8.1866","article-title":"Physiological cost of rifampin resistance induced in vitro in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"43","author":"Billington","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0125","first-page":"952","article-title":"Characterisation of the pncA gene in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Gauteng, South Africa","volume":"5","author":"Bishop","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1505196","article-title":"Acquired Resistance to Bedaquiline and Delamanid in Therapy for Tuberculosis","volume":"373","author":"Bloemberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1093\/emph\/eot003","article-title":"Epistasis between antibiotic resistance mutations drives the evolution of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"2013","author":"Borrell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Evol Med Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1038\/3906","article-title":"Fitness of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and compensatory mutations","volume":"4","author":"Bottger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt224","article-title":"Genetic characterization of compensatory evolution in strains carrying rpoB Ser531Leu, the rifampicin resistance mutation most frequently found in clinical isolates","volume":"68","author":"Brandis","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2012.08099.x","article-title":"Fitness-compensatory mutations in rifampicin-resistant RNA polymerase","volume":"85","author":"Brandis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3684","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.052548299","article-title":"A new evolutionary scenario for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex","volume":"99","author":"Brosch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0160","first-page":"260","article-title":"Performance of MTBDR plus for detecting high\/low levels of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to isoniazid","volume":"13","author":"Brossier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.23.6.835","article-title":"Roles of ribosomal binding, membrane potential, and electron transport in bacterial uptake of streptomycin and gentamicin","volume":"23","author":"Bryan","year":"1983","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0170","first-page":"1032","article-title":"Molecular characterisation of streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in Poland","volume":"8","author":"Brzostek","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.1.143-150.2004","article-title":"Molecular basis of intrinsic macrolide resistance in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex","volume":"48","author":"Buriankova","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-138-3-551","volume":"138","author":"Busse","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku438","article-title":"Revisiting susceptibility testing in MDR-TB by a standardized quantitative phenotypic assessment in a European multicentre study","volume":"70","author":"Cambau","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00286-0","article-title":"Structural mechanism for rifampicin inhibition of bacterial rna polymerase","volume":"104","author":"Campbell","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01550-10","article-title":"Molecular detection of mutations associated with first- and second-line drug resistance compared with conventional drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"55","author":"Campbell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762007000100009","article-title":"Characterization of ndh gene of isoniazid resistant and susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Brazil","volume":"102","author":"Cardoso","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1038\/35030019","article-title":"Functional insights from the structure of the 30S ribosomal subunit and its interactions with antibiotics","volume":"407","author":"Carter","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.128678.111","article-title":"Microevolution of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Russia","volume":"22","author":"Casali","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm054","article-title":"Genetic and phenotypic characterization of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Hong Kong","volume":"59","author":"Chan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0220","first-page":"278","article-title":"Analysis of isoniazid, streptomycin and ethambutol resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Morocco","volume":"3","author":"Chaoui","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9804","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1105379108","article-title":"Unusual regioversatility of acetyltransferase Eis, a cause of drug resistance in XDR-TB","volume":"108","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0230","first-page":"136","article-title":"Characterization of gyrA and gyrB mutations and fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from Hubei Province, China","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Braz. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02402-16","article-title":"Delamanid Kills Dormant Mycobacteria In Vitro and in a Guinea Pig Model of Tuberculosis","volume":"61","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.3.528-532.2000","article-title":"pncA mutations as a major mechanism of pyrazinamide resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: spread of a monoresistant strain in Quebec, Canada","volume":"44","author":"Cheng","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.2.596-601.2004","article-title":"Multiplex PCR amplimer conformation analysis for rapid detection of gyrA mutations in fluoroquinolone-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates","volume":"48","author":"Cheng","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2017.04.010","article-title":"High incidence of fluoroquinolone resistance and effect of efflux pump inhibitors on moxifloxacin resistance among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates causing urinary tract infection in Taiwan","volume":"50","author":"Chien","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-11-240","article-title":"Characteristics of pncA mutations in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Taiwan","volume":"11","author":"Chiu","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.3343\/kjlm.2009.29.5.455","article-title":"Detection of isoniazid and rifampicin resistance by sequencing of katG, inhA, and rpoB genes in Korea","volume":"29","author":"Cho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Korean J Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.00330","article-title":"Enhancement of antibiotic activity by efflux inhibitors against multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from Brazil","volume":"6","author":"Coelho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1110","article-title":"Modeling epidemics of multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis of heterogeneous fitness","volume":"10","author":"Cohen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001880","article-title":"Evolution of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis over Four Decades: Whole Genome Sequencing and Dating Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from KwaZulu-Natal","volume":"12","author":"Cohen","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Colangeli, R., Helb, D., Sridharan, S., Sun, J., Varma-Basil, M., Hazbon, M.H., Harbacheuski, R., Megjugorac, N.J., Jacobs, W.R., Jr., Holzenburg, A., Sacchettini, J.C., Alland, D., 2005. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis iniA gene is essential for activity of an efflux pump that confers drug tolerance to both isoniazid and ethambutol. Mol. Microbiol. 55, 1829\u20131840.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04510.x"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cole, S.T., Brosch, R., Parkhill, J., Garnier, T., Churcher, C., Harris, D., Gordon, S.V., Eiglmeier, K., Gas, S., Barry, C.E., 3rd, Tekaia, F., Badcock, K., Basham, D., Brown, D., Chillingworth, T., Connor, R., Davies, R., Devlin, K., Feltwell, T., Gentles, S., Hamlin, N., Holroyd, S., Hornsby, T., Jagels, K., Krogh, A., McLean, J., Moule, S., Murphy, L., Oliver, K., Osborne, J., Quail, M.A., Rajandream, M.A., Rogers, J., Rutter, S., Seeger, K., Skelton, J., Squares, R., Squares, S., Sulston, J.E., Taylor, K., Whitehead, S., Barrell, B.G., 1998. Deciphering the biology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the complete genome sequence. Nature 393, 537\u2013544.","DOI":"10.1038\/31159"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-015-0164-0","article-title":"Rapid determination of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance from whole-genome sequences","volume":"7","author":"Coll","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-017-0029-0","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of multi- and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"50","author":"Coll","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.1038","article-title":"Whole-genome sequencing of rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains identifies compensatory mutations in RNA polymerase genes","volume":"44","author":"Comas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2744","article-title":"Out-of-Africa migration and Neolithic coexpansion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with modern humans","volume":"45","author":"Comas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.5.1186","article-title":"Characterization of streptomycin resistance mechanisms among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients in New York City","volume":"40","author":"Cooksey","year":"1996","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2012.08.020","article-title":"rrs and rpsL mutations in streptomycin-resistant isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Mexico","volume":"46","author":"Cuevas-Cordoba","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-11-78","article-title":"Association of mutation patterns in gyrA\/B genes and ofloxacin resistance levels in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from East China in 2009","volume":"11","author":"Cui","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2011.00831.x","article-title":"Efflux as a mechanism for drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"63","author":"da Silva","year":"2011","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.4.1007","article-title":"Ribosylation by mycobacterial strains as a new mechanism of rifampin inactivation","volume":"39","author":"Dabbs","year":"1995","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-9-39","article-title":"Correlations of mutations in katG, oxyR-ahpC and inhA genes and in vitro susceptibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical strains segregated by spoligotype families from tuberculosis prevalent countries in South America","volume":"9","author":"Dalla Costa","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3805","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02012-15","article-title":"Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis of the Latin American Mediterranean Lineage, Wrongly Identified as Mycobacterium pinnipedii (Spoligotype International Type 863 [SIT863]), Causing Active Tuberculosis in South Brazil","volume":"53","author":"Dalla Costa","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.20.5.810-814.1970","article-title":"Probability distribution of drug-resistant mutants in unselected populations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"20","author":"David","year":"1970","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0350","first-page":"184","article-title":"Comparison of fitness of two isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, one of which had developed multi-drug resistance during the course of treatment","volume":"41","author":"Davies","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Inf. Secur."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6164","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.16.6164","article-title":"Misread protein creates membrane channels: an essential step in the bactericidal action of aminoglycosides","volume":"83","author":"Davis","year":"1986","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2346","article-title":"A structural basis for streptomycin-induced misreading of the genetic code","volume":"4","author":"Demirci","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-5371-3","article-title":"Risk factors for the occurrence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among patients undergoing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment in East Shoa, Ethiopia","volume":"18","author":"Desissa","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200901-0146OC","article-title":"Fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: the effect of duration and timing of fluoroquinolone exposure","volume":"180","author":"Devasia","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.05286-11","article-title":"High proportion of fluoroquinolone-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates with novel gyrase polymorphisms and a gyrA region associated with fluoroquinolone susceptibility","volume":"50","author":"Devasia","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6135","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-06415-5","article-title":"Anti-tubercular Activity of Pyrazinamide is Independent of trans-Translation and RpsA","volume":"7","author":"Dillon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01957-12","article-title":"Involvement of efflux pumps in the resistance to peptidoglycan synthesis inhibitors in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"57","author":"Dinesh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30691-6","article-title":"Xpert MTB\/RIF Ultra for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance: a prospective multicentre diagnostic accuracy study","volume":"18","author":"Dorman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001538","article-title":"Evolution and diversity of clonal bacteria: the paradigm of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"3","author":"Dos Vultos","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2013.06.031","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis rrs A1401G mutation correlates with high-level resistance to kanamycin, amikacin, and capreomycin in clinical isolates from mainland China","volume":"77","author":"Du","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1328","article-title":"Will tuberculosis become resistant to all antibiotics?","volume":"268","author":"Dye","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2016.03.007","article-title":"Antimicrobial Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: The Odd One Out","volume":"24","author":"Eldholm","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0490-3","article-title":"Evolution of extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from a susceptible ancestor in a single patient","volume":"15","author":"Eldholm","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.2307\/4585479","article-title":"The tuberculostatic action of streptothricin and streptomycin with special reference to the action of streptomycin on the chorioallantoic membrane of the chick embryo","volume":"60","author":"Emmart","year":"1945","journal-title":"Public Health Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr109","article-title":"Comparison of clinical isolates and in vitro selected mutants reveals that tlyA is not a sensitive genetic marker for capreomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"66","author":"Engstrom","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2026","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.06664-11","article-title":"Detection of first- and second-line drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates by pyrosequencing","volume":"50","author":"Engstrom","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0435","series-title":"Tuberculosis surveillance and monitoring in Europe","first-page":"2018","author":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control\/WHO Regional Office for Europe","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0440","series-title":"Delamanid Assessment Report","author":"European Medicines Agency","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0445","series-title":"List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature","author":"Euz\u00e9by","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2747","article-title":"Genomic analysis identifies targets of convergent positive selection in drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"45","author":"Farhat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.201100193","article-title":"Mechanistically distinct nonribosomal peptide synthetases assemble the structurally related antibiotics viomycin and capreomycin","volume":"12","author":"Felnagle","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chembiochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3353","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00050-09","article-title":"Sequence analyses of just four genes to detect extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients undergoing treatment","volume":"53","author":"Feuerriegel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-12-90","article-title":"Sequence analysis for detection of first-line drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from a high-incidence setting","volume":"12","author":"Feuerriegel","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-12-90","article-title":"Sequence analysis for detection of first-line drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from a high-incidence setting","volume":"12","author":"Feuerriegel","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.84.5.1099-1103.1962","article-title":"Mode of action of ethambutol","volume":"84","author":"Forbes","year":"1962","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.057257.116","article-title":"Nonmutational compensation of the fitness cost of antibiotic resistance in mycobacteria by overexpression of tlyA rRNA methylase","volume":"22","author":"Freihofer","year":"2016","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0485","series-title":"Mechanisms of resistance to delamanid, a drug for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)","first-page":"186","volume":"108","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2869","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0511240103","article-title":"Variable host-pathogen compatibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"103","author":"Gagneux","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1124410","article-title":"The competitive cost of antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"312","author":"Gagneux","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science (New York N.Y)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033275","article-title":"Evaluation of genetic mutations associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to amikacin, kanamycin and capreomycin: a systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Georghiou","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2107","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks178","article-title":"The role of eis mutations in the development of kanamycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from the Moscow region","volume":"67","author":"Gikalo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(00)00340-X","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in the absence of selective pressure","volume":"17","author":"Gillespie","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.2.267-274.2002","article-title":"Evolution of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: clinical and molecular perspective","volume":"46","author":"Gillespie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1089\/10766290260469534","article-title":"Multiple drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: evidence for changing fitness following passage through human hosts","volume":"8","author":"Gillespie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Microb. Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0525","series-title":"Polymorphisms in Rv3806c (ubiA) and the upstream region of embA in relation to ethambutol resistance in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from North India. Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)","first-page":"41","volume":"108","author":"Giri","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb2010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2668-2","article-title":"The impact of drug resistance on the risk of tuberculosis infection and disease in child household contacts: a cross sectional study","volume":"17","author":"Golla","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.6b00070","article-title":"Pyrazinamide Resistance Is Caused by Two Distinct Mechanisms: Prevention of Coenzyme A Depletion and Loss of Virulence Factor Synthesis","volume":"2","author":"Gopal","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.7b00017","article-title":"In Vivo-Selected Pyrazinoic Acid-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains Harbor Missense Mutations in the Aspartate Decarboxylase PanD and the Unfoldase ClpC1","volume":"3","author":"Gopal","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4138","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00162-09","article-title":"The arabinosyltransferase EmbC is inhibited by ethambutol in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"53","author":"Goude","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.17.0387","article-title":"Risk factors for extensive drug resistance in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases: a case-case study","volume":"22","author":"Guglielmetti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201304-0650OC","article-title":"Acceleration of tuberculosis treatment by adjunctive therapy with verapamil as an efflux inhibitor","volume":"188","author":"Gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01462-13","article-title":"Efflux inhibition with verapamil potentiates bedaquiline in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"58","author":"Gupta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fux011","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: mechanistic and evolutionary perspectives","volume":"41","author":"Gygli","year":"2017","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7326","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1803723115","article-title":"Ionophoric effects of the antitubercular drug bedaquiline","volume":"115","author":"Hards","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2979","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00037-14","article-title":"Cross-resistance between clofazimine and bedaquiline through upregulation of MmpL5 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"58","author":"Hartkoorn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)37677-4","article-title":"The allosteric three-site model for the ribosomal elongation cycle. New insights into the inhibition mechanisms of aminoglycosides, thiostrepton, and viomycin","volume":"263","author":"Hausner","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5316","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00308-15","article-title":"Mutations in genes for the F420 biosynthetic pathway and a nitroreductase enzyme are the primary resistance determinants in spontaneous in vitro-selected PA-824-resistant mutants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"59","author":"Haver","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.1.107-110.2001","article-title":"Frequency of rpoB mutations inside and outside the cluster I region in rifampin-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates","volume":"39","author":"Heep","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/143.2.268","article-title":"Comparison of bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of isoniazid and ethionamide against Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"143","author":"Heifets","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. Rev. Respir. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-0711-4-6","article-title":"Capreomycin is active against non-replicating M. tuberculosis","volume":"4","author":"Heifets","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(03)00036-0","article-title":"Molecular analysis of rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated in Spain (1996-2001). Description of new mutations in the rpoB gene and review of the literature","volume":"21","author":"Herrera","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060311","article-title":"High functional diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis driven by genetic drift and human demography","volume":"6","author":"Hershberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"den Hertog, A.L., Sengstake, S., Anthony, R.M., 2015. Pyrazinamide resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis fails to bite? Pathog Dis 73, ftv037.","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/ftv037"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"den Hertog, A.L., Menting, S., Pfeltz, R., Warns, M., Siddiqi, S.H., Anthony, R.M., 2016. Pyrazinamide Is Active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cultures at Neutral pH and Low Temperature. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 60, 4956\u20134960.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00654-16"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11392.x","article-title":"An investigation of mistranslation in vivo induced by streptomycin by an examination of the susceptibility of abnormal proteins to degradation","volume":"74","author":"Hewitt","year":"1977","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01550-17","article-title":"What Is Resistance? Impact of Phenotypic versus Molecular Drug Resistance Testing on Therapy for Multi- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis","volume":"62","author":"Heyckendorf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4255","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.175.13.4255-4259.1993","article-title":"Characterization of the katG gene encoding a catalase-peroxidase required for the isoniazid susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"175","author":"Heym","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4010","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00433-09","article-title":"Contribution of dfrA and inhA mutations to the detection of isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates","volume":"53","author":"Ho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201502-0372LE","article-title":"Delamanid and Bedaquiline Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ancestral Beijing Genotype Causing Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in a Tibetan Refugee","volume":"193","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2010.04.019","article-title":"Unequal distribution of resistance-conferring mutations among Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium africanum strains from Ghana","volume":"300","author":"Homolka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268899003635","article-title":"Molecular characterization of pncA gene mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from China","volume":"124","author":"Hou","year":"2000","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.12.0949","article-title":"Molecular and phenotypic characterisation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to anti-tuberculosis drugs","volume":"17","author":"Imperiale","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-0711-8-2","article-title":"Minor contribution of mutations at iniA codon 501 and embC-embA intergenic region in ethambutol-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Kuwait","volume":"8","author":"Jaber","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2008.10.017","article-title":"Role of embCAB gene mutations in ethambutol resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from India","volume":"33","author":"Jadaun","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00691-14","article-title":"Profiling of rpoB mutations and MICs for rifampin and rifabutin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"52","author":"Jamieson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2006.05.044","article-title":"Capreomycin binds across the ribosomal subunit interface using tlyA-encoded 2'-O-methylations in 16S and 23S rRNAs","volume":"23","author":"Johansen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0680","first-page":"68","article-title":"Ethambutol resistance testing by mutation detection","volume":"10","author":"Johnson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1126\/science.100.2588.103","article-title":"Control of Gram-Negative Bacteria in Experimental Animals by Streptomycin","volume":"100","author":"Jones","year":"1944","journal-title":"Science (New York N.Y)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jugheli, L., Bzekalava, N., de Rijk, P., Fissette, K., Portaels, F., Rigouts, L., 2009. High level of cross-resistance between kanamycin, amikacin, and capreomycin among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Georgia and a close relation with mutations in the rrs gene. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 5064\u20135068.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00851-09"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1852","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00110-08","article-title":"Pyrazinamide resistance and pncA gene mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"52","author":"Jureen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0700","series-title":"Correlating Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of ofloxacin and moxifloxacin with gyrA mutations using the genotype MTBDRsl assay. Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)","first-page":"137","volume":"95","author":"Kambli","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.32.4.1095-1098.1994","article-title":"Characterization by automated DNA sequencing of mutations in the gene (rpoB) encoding the RNA polymerase beta subunit in rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from New York City and Texas","volume":"32","author":"Kapur","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1994.tb20059.x","article-title":"Dissociation rate of cognate peptidyl-tRNA from the A-site of hyper-accurate and error-prone ribosomes","volume":"226","author":"Karimi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.10.0739","article-title":"Patterns of pncA mutations in drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patients in South Korea","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S147","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ579","article-title":"The Distribution of Fitness Costs of Resistance-Conferring Mutations Is a Key Determinant for the Future Burden of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Model-Based Analysis","volume":"3","author":"Knight","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis 61Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2006.05.017","article-title":"Crystal structure of the bacterial ribosomal decoding site complexed with amikacin containing the gamma-amino-alpha-hydroxybutyryl (haba) group","volume":"88","author":"Kondo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio884","article-title":"Diarylquinolines target subunit c of mycobacterial ATP synthase","volume":"3","author":"Koul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25273","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M803899200","article-title":"Diarylquinolines are bactericidal for dormant mycobacteria as a result of disturbed ATP homeostasis","volume":"283","author":"Koul","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0740","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.6b00111","article-title":"Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Novel Hybrid Efflux Pump Inhibitors for Use against Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"2","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0745","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2011.02.008","article-title":"Truncated Rv2820c enhances mycobacterial virulence ex vivo and in vivo","volume":"50","author":"Lam","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2002.03162.x","article-title":"Overexpression of inhA, but not kasA, confers resistance to isoniazid and ethionamide in Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. bovis BCG and M. tuberculosis","volume":"46","author":"Larsen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0755","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2001.16.5.537","article-title":"Characterization of pncA mutations of pyrazinamide-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Korea","volume":"16","author":"Lee","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Korean Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0760","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2002.43.1.59","article-title":"Mutations in the embB locus among Korean clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to ethambutol","volume":"43","author":"Lee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Yonsei Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0765","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2026","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.4.2026-2027.2005","article-title":"High frequency of mutations in the rpoB gene in rifampin-resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Singapore","volume":"43","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.7.1761","article-title":"Characterization of new mutations in pyrazinamide-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and identification of conserved regions important for the catalytic activity of the pyrazinamidase PncA","volume":"43","author":"Lemaitre","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2629","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.12.2629","article-title":"A single point mutation in the embB gene is responsible for resistance to ethambutol in Mycobacterium smegmatis","volume":"41","author":"Lety","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0780","article-title":"Efflux pump gene expression in multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0785","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2017.02.009","article-title":"Positive epistasis of major low-cost drug resistance mutations rpoB531-TTG and katG315-ACC depends on the phylogenetic background of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains","volume":"49","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0790","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2505","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00072-16","article-title":"Transcriptional Profiling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Exposed to In Vitro Lysosomal Stress","volume":"84","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01711.x","article-title":"Association of specific mutations in katG, rpoB, rpsL and rrs genes with spoligotypes of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Russia","volume":"13","author":"Lipin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2012.02.015","article-title":"gyrA\/B fluoroquinolone resistance allele profiles amongst Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from mainland China","volume":"39","author":"Long","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14711","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0902437106","article-title":"The epidemiological fitness cost of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"106","author":"Luciani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034538","article-title":"Contribution of efflux to the emergence of isoniazid and multidrug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"7","author":"Machado","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt090","article-title":"High-level resistance to isoniazid and ethionamide in multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis of the Lisboa family is associated with inhA double mutations","volume":"68","author":"Machado","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00711","article-title":"Interplay between Mutations and Efflux in Drug Resistant Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"8","author":"Machado","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0825","article-title":"Efflux Activity Differentially Modulates the Levels of Isoniazid and Rifampicin Resistance among Multidrug Resistant and Monoresistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains","volume":"7","author":"Machado","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3879","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00474-12","article-title":"Induction of mycobacterial resistance to quinolone class antimicrobials","volume":"56","author":"Malik","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0835","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039754","article-title":"New insights into fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: functional genetic analysis of gyrA and gyrB mutations","volume":"7","author":"Malik","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0840","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3767","article-title":"Genomic analysis of globally diverse Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains provides insights into the emergence and spread of multidrug resistance","volume":"49","author":"Manson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.4.1289-1294.2004","article-title":"Effect of rpoB mutations conferring rifampin resistance on fitness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"48","author":"Mariam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0850","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.15.0905","article-title":"Access to new drugs and the global drug-resistant TB crisis: a case series from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","volume":"20","author":"Master","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0855","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030466","article-title":"OPC-67683, a nitro-dihydro-imidazooxazole derivative with promising action against tuberculosis in vitro and in mice","volume":"3","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0860","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3192","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.8.3192-3197.2005","article-title":"Molecular analysis of cross-resistance to capreomycin, kanamycin, amikacin, and viomycin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"49","author":"Maus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0865","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.2.571-577.2005","article-title":"Mutation of tlyA confers capreomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"49","author":"Maus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0870","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8949","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)34269-2","article-title":"On the mechanism of rifampicin inhibition of RNA synthesis","volume":"253","author":"McClure","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0875","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.2.228","article-title":"Genetic alterations in streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: mapping of mutations conferring resistance","volume":"38","author":"Meier","year":"1994","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0880","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2452","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.11.2452","article-title":"Correlation of molecular resistance mechanisms and phenotypic resistance levels in streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"40","author":"Meier","year":"1996","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0885","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.9.2317","article-title":"Relationship between pyrazinamide resistance, loss of pyrazinamidase activity, and mutations in the pncA locus in multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"43","author":"Mestdagh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0890","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00036812","article-title":"Protecting the tuberculosis drug pipeline: stating the case for the rational use of fluoroquinolones","volume":"40","author":"Migliori","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0895","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2484","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.11.2484","article-title":"Biogenesis of the mycobacterial cell wall and the site of action of ethambutol","volume":"39","author":"Mikusova","year":"1995","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0900","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.4.805","article-title":"The rpoB gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"38","author":"Miller","year":"1994","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0905","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.05171-11","article-title":"Molecular characteristics of rifampin- and isoniazid-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in Vietnam","volume":"50","author":"Minh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.76.6.771","article-title":"Basic mechanisms of chemotherapy","volume":"76","author":"Mitchison","year":"1979","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11974.x","article-title":"The inhibition of ribosomal translocation by viomycin","volume":"81","author":"Modolell","year":"1977","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3810","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.10.3810-3813.2002","article-title":"Detection of embB306 mutations in ethambutol-susceptible clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Northwestern Russia: implications for genotypic resistance testing","volume":"40","author":"Mokrousov","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2012.08168.x","article-title":"Capreomycin susceptibility is increased by TlyA-directed 2'-O-methylation on both ribosomal subunits","volume":"85","author":"Monshupanee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2291","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.9.2291-2295.2000","article-title":"Phenotypic characterization of pncA mutants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"44","author":"Morlock","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0935","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12200","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0505446102","article-title":"Ancestral antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"102","author":"Morris","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0940","unstructured":"Muller, B., Streicher, E.M., Hoek, K.G., Tait, M., Trollip, A., Bosman, M.E., Coetzee, G.J., Chabula-Nxiweni, E.M., Hoosain, E., Gey van Pittius, N.C., Victor, T.C., van Helden, P.D., Warren, R.M., 2011. inhA promoter mutations: a gateway to extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa? Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 15, 344\u2013351."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0945","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2670","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms11072670","article-title":"Molecular Epidemiological Study of Pyrazinamide-Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from South India","volume":"11","author":"Muthaiah","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0950","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.11.0202","article-title":"Association of streptomycin resistance mutations with level of drug resistance and Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes","volume":"16","author":"Nhu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0955","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4498","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.10.4498-4502.2004","article-title":"Detection of mutations associated with isoniazid and rifampin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Samara Region, Russian Federation","volume":"42","author":"Nikolayevsky","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0960","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05585.x","article-title":"Loss of a conserved 7-methylguanosine modification in 16S rRNA confers low-level streptomycin resistance in bacteria","volume":"63","author":"Okamoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0965","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki069","article-title":"Analysis of rpoB and pncA mutations in the published literature: an insight into the role of oxidative stress in Mycobacterium tuberculosis evolution?","volume":"55","author":"O'Sullivan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0970","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4524","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00707-11","article-title":"DNA gyrase inhibition assays are necessary to demonstrate fluoroquinolone resistance secondary to gyrB mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"55","author":"Pantel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0975","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1990","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.06272-11","article-title":"Extending the definition of the GyrB quinolone resistance-determining region in Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA gyrase for assessing fluoroquinolone resistance in M. tuberculosis","volume":"56","author":"Pantel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0980","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.037614-0","article-title":"Correlation of the phenotypic ethambutol susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with embB gene mutations in Korea","volume":"61","author":"Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0985","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2218","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.6.2218-2225.2005","article-title":"Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates resistant to both isoniazid and ethambutol","volume":"49","author":"Parsons","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0990","series-title":"The Paradigm Shift","first-page":"2016","author":"Partnership","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb0995","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pasca, M.R., Guglierame, P., De Rossi, E., Zara, F., Riccardi, G., 2005. mmpL7 gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is responsible for isoniazid efflux in Mycobacterium smegmatis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49, 4775\u20134777.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.11.4775-4777.2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.1086\/420742","article-title":"Aminoglycoside toxicity: daily versus thrice-weekly dosing for treatment of mycobacterial diseases","volume":"38","author":"Peloquin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2008.0798","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Lisbon, Portugal: a molecular epidemiological perspective","volume":"14","author":"Perdigao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Microb. Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks371","article-title":"From multidrug-resistant to extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Lisbon, Portugal: the stepwise mode of resistance acquisition","volume":"68","author":"Perdigao","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-15-991","article-title":"Unraveling Mycobacterium tuberculosis genomic diversity and evolution in Lisbon, Portugal, a highly drug resistant setting","volume":"15","author":"Perdigao","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7320","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00967-15","article-title":"Uncoupling Environmental pH and Intrabacterial Acidification from Pyrazinamide Susceptibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"59","author":"Peterson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2853","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00244-06","article-title":"Genetic basis for natural and acquired resistance to the diarylquinoline R207910 in mycobacteria","volume":"50","author":"Petrella","year":"2006","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012245","article-title":"Structural insights into the quinolone resistance mechanism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA gyrase","volume":"5","author":"Piton","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.5.1900-1902.2006","article-title":"Significance of mutations in embB codon 306 for prediction of ethambutol resistance in clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates","volume":"50","author":"Plinke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1040","series-title":"Tuberculosis ethambutol resistance: concordance between phenotypic and genotypic test results. Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)","first-page":"448","volume":"89","author":"Plinke","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2891","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00007-10","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis embB codon 306 mutations confer moderately increased resistance to ethambutol in vitro and in vivo","volume":"55","author":"Plinke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6333","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0812883106","article-title":"Conversion of NO2 to NO by reduced coenzyme F420 protects mycobacteria from nitrosative damage","volume":"106","author":"Purwantini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4955","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.9.4955-4960.2002","article-title":"Effect of katG mutations on the virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the implication for transmission in humans","volume":"70","author":"Pym","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2456","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.11.2456","article-title":"Ribosylative inactivation of rifampin by Mycobacterium smegmatis is a principal contributor to its low susceptibility to this antibiotic","volume":"41","author":"Quan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1065","series-title":"Molecular mechanism of rifampicin and isoniazid resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Bangladesh. Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)","author":"Rahim","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramaswamy, S.V., Amin, A.G., Goksel, S., Stager, C.E., Dou, S.J., El Sahly, H., Moghazeh, S.L., Kreiswirth, B.N., Musser, J.M., 2000. Molecular genetic analysis of nucleotide polymorphisms associated with ethambutol resistance in human isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44, 326\u2013336.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.2.326-336.2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.05343-0","article-title":"Genotypic analysis of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Monterrey, Mexico","volume":"53","author":"Ramaswamy","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s002849900095","article-title":"In vitro activities of fourteen antimicrobial agents against drug susceptible and resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and comparative intracellular activities against the virulent H37Rv strain in human macrophages","volume":"33","author":"Rastogi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02191-12","article-title":"Aminoglycoside cross-resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis due to mutations in the 5\u2032 untranslated region of whiB7","volume":"57","author":"Reeves","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1090","first-page":"94","article-title":"Mutations responsible for Mycobacterium tuberculosis isoniazid resistance in Italy","volume":"9","author":"Rindi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1976","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31117-6","article-title":"Global governance of antimicrobial resistance","volume":"391","author":"Rochford","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.1.444-446.2005","article-title":"Characterization of pncA mutations in pyrazinamide-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Brazil","volume":"49","author":"Rodrigues Vde","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01482-12","article-title":"Role of the Mmr efflux pump in drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"57","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2017.01.002","article-title":"Antituberculosis drugs: reducing efflux=increasing activity","volume":"22","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw466","article-title":"Intrinsic rifamycin resistance of Mycobacterium abscessus is mediated by ADP-ribosyltransferase MAB_0591","volume":"72","author":"Rominski","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rozwarski, D.A., Grant, G.A., Barton, D.H., Jacobs, W.R., Jr., Sacchettini, J.C., 1998. Modification of the NADH of the isoniazid target (InhA) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Science (New York N.Y) 279, 98\u2013102.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.279.5347.98"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1125","first-page":"188","article-title":"Streptomycin as second-line chemotherapy for tuberculosis","volume":"16","author":"Ruiz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev Esp Quimioter"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00328707","article-title":"Streptomycin preferentially perturbs ribosomal proofreading","volume":"198","author":"Ruusala","year":"1984","journal-title":"Mol Gen Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01486-07","article-title":"Transfer of embB codon 306 mutations into clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains alters susceptibility to ethambutol, isoniazid, and rifampin","volume":"52","author":"Safi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01288-09","article-title":"Allelic exchange and mutant selection demonstrate that common clinical embCAB gene mutations only modestly increase resistance to ethambutol in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"54","author":"Safi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2743","article-title":"Evolution of high-level ethambutol-resistant tuberculosis through interacting mutations in decaprenylphosphoryl-beta-D-arabinose biosynthetic and utilization pathway genes","volume":"45","author":"Safi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3380753","article-title":"Use of site-directed mutagenesis to probe the structure, function and isoniazid activation of the catalase\/peroxidase, KatG, from Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"338","author":"Saint-Joanis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.6.2425-2431.2004","article-title":"Molecular characterization of rifampin- and isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in Poland","volume":"42","author":"Sajduda","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv347","article-title":"Fitness Costs of Drug Resistance Mutations in Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A Household-Based Case-Control Study","volume":"213","author":"Salvatore","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb2005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4806","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05546-11","article-title":"The antibiotic resistance arrow of time: efflux pump induction is a general first step in the evolution of mycobacterial drug resistance","volume":"56","author":"Schmalstieg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0696-662","article-title":"Mutations in pncA, a gene encoding pyrazinamidase\/nicotinamidase, cause resistance to the antituberculous drug pyrazinamide in tubercle bacillus","volume":"2","author":"Scorpio","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.3.540","article-title":"Characterization of pncA mutations in pyrazinamide-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"41","author":"Scorpio","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2326","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.06154-11","article-title":"New mutations in the mycobacterial ATP synthase: new insights into the binding of the diarylquinoline TMC207 to the ATP synthase C-ring structure","volume":"56","author":"Segala","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00750-06","article-title":"Detection of multidrug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"45","author":"Sekiguchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2010.07218.x","article-title":"Directed mutagenesis of Mycobacterium smegmatis 16S rRNA to reconstruct the in vivo evolution of aminoglycoside resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"77","author":"Shcherbakov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1190","first-page":"1194","article-title":"Characterization of drug-resistant isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis derived from Russian inmates","volume":"8","author":"Shemyakin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2618","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01516-06","article-title":"Association between embB codon 306 mutations and drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"51","author":"Shen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sherman, D.R., Mdluli, K., Hickey, M.J., Arain, T.M., Morris, S.L., Barry, C.E., 3rd, Stover, C.K., 1996. Compensatory ahpC gene expression in isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Science (New York)N.Y 272, 1641\u20131643.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.272.5268.1641"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19512","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M513846200","article-title":"The carboxy terminus of EmbC from Mycobacterium smegmatis mediates chain length extension of the arabinan in lipoarabinomannan","volume":"281","author":"Shi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2007.08.009","article-title":"Detection of streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from China as determined by denaturing HPLC analysis and DNA sequencing","volume":"9","author":"Shi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Microbes Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi, W., Zhang, X., Jiang, X., Yuan, H., Lee, J.S., Barry, C.E., 3rd, Wang, H., Zhang, W., Zhang, Y., 2011. Pyrazinamide inhibits trans-translation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Science (New York N.Y) 333, 1630\u20131632.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1208813"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks430","article-title":"When is an outbreak not an outbreak? Fit, divergent strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis display independent evolution of drug resistance in a large London outbreak","volume":"68","author":"Shorten","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4471","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.9.4471-4474.2003","article-title":"Mutations in katG, inhA, and ahpC genes of Brazilian isoniazid-resistant isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"41","author":"Silva","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1230","unstructured":"Singh, M., Jadaun, G.P., Ramdas, Srivastava, K., Chauhan, V., Mishra, R., Gupta, K., Nair, S., Chauhan, D.S., Sharma, V.D., Venkatesan, K., Katoch, V.M., 2011. Effect of efflux pump inhibitors on drug susceptibility of ofloxacin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. Indian J. Med. Res. 133, 535\u2013540."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1038\/ja.2014.95","article-title":"Prevalence of gyrA and B gene mutations in fluoroquinolone-resistant and -sensitive clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and their relationship with MIC of ofloxacin","volume":"68","author":"Singh","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Antibiot (Tokyo)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq519","article-title":"Mutations outside the rifampicin resistance-determining region associated with rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"66","author":"Siu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.54.2.253-261.1947","article-title":"Tuberculostatic and Tuberculocidal Properties of Streptomycin","volume":"54","author":"Smith","year":"1947","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01454-06","volume":"45","author":"Somoskovi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00142914","article-title":"A mutation associated with clofazimine and bedaquiline cross-resistance in MDR-TB following bedaquiline treatment","volume":"45","author":"Somoskovi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2947","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01570-07","article-title":"Identification of mutations related to streptomycin resistance in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and possible involvement of efflux mechanism","volume":"52","author":"Spies","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2625","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00168-11","article-title":"Streptomycin resistance and lineage-specific polymorphisms in Mycobacterium tuberculosis gidB gene","volume":"49","author":"Spies","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2877","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.10.2877-2884.2001","article-title":"Mechanisms of streptomycin resistance: selection of mutations in the 16S rRNA gene conferring resistance","volume":"45","author":"Springer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.4.1024","article-title":"Characterization of rpsL and rrs mutations in streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from diverse geographic localities","volume":"40","author":"Sreevatsan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.3.636","article-title":"Mutations associated with pyrazinamide resistance in pncA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex organisms","volume":"41","author":"Sreevatsan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.8.1677","article-title":"Ethambutol resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: critical role of embB mutations","volume":"41","author":"Sreevatsan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-006-0135-1","article-title":"Nucleotide polymorphism associated with ethambutol resistance in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"53","author":"Srivastava","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2008.07.001","article-title":"emb nucleotide polymorphisms and the role of embB306 mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to ethambutol","volume":"299","author":"Srivastava","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.1755","article-title":"The structures of the anti-tuberculosis antibiotics viomycin and capreomycin bound to the 70S ribosome","volume":"17","author":"Stanley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Starks, A.M., Aviles, E., Cirillo, D.M., Denkinger, C.M., Dolinger, D.L., Emerson, C., Gallarda, J., Hanna, D., Kim, P.S., Liwski, R., Miotto, P., Schito, M., Zignol, M., 2015. Collaborative Effort for a Centralized Worldwide Tuberculosis Relational Sequencing Data Platform. Clin. Infect. Dis. 61Suppl 3, S141\u2013146.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ610"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3316","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.03014-15","article-title":"MIC of Delamanid (OPC-67683) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Isolates and a Proposed Critical Concentration","volume":"60","author":"Stinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5186","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05385-11","article-title":"Systematic Analysis of Pyrazinamide-Resistant Spontaneous Mutants and Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"56","author":"Stoffels","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.17.6.861-865.1969","article-title":"Antimycobacterial activity of rifampin under in vitro and simulated in vivo conditions","volume":"17","author":"Stottmeier","year":"1969","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01938-07","article-title":"Spread of a low-fitness drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain in a setting of high human immunodeficiency virus prevalence","volume":"46","author":"Strauss","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2009.02800.x","article-title":"Analysis of rpsL and rrs mutations in Beijing and non-Beijing streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Singapore","volume":"16","author":"Sun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01279-17","article-title":"Mutations within embCAB Are Associated with Variable Level of Ethambutol Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from China","volume":"62","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.001","article-title":"rpoB gene sequencing and spoligotyping of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from India","volume":"6","author":"Suresh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2012.01.007","article-title":"Sensitivities of ciprofloxacin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates to fluoroquinolones: role of mutant DNA gyrase subunits in drug resistance","volume":"39","author":"Suzuki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1350","first-page":"81","article-title":"Antimicrobial efflux pumps and Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug tolerance: evolutionary considerations","volume":"374","author":"Szumowski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30753-3","article-title":"Discovery, research, and development of new antibiotics: the WHO priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and tuberculosis","volume":"18","author":"Tacconelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.33.9.1493","article-title":"Inhibition of synthesis of arabinogalactan by ethambutol in Mycobacterium smegmatis","volume":"33","author":"Takayama","year":"1989","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.4.773","article-title":"Cloning and nucleotide sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis gyrA and gyrB genes and detection of quinolone resistance mutations","volume":"38","author":"Takiff","year":"1994","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0597-567","article-title":"The emb operon, a gene cluster of Mycobacterium tuberculosis involved in resistance to ethambutol","volume":"3","author":"Telenti","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsim.2004.05.012","article-title":"Impact of drug resistance on fitness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains of the W-Beijing genotype","volume":"42","author":"Toungoussova","year":"2004","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3209","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.8.3209-3210.2004","article-title":"Spectrum of pncA mutations in multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates obtained in Latvia","volume":"48","author":"Tracevska","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2004.06.007","article-title":"Characterisation of rpsL, rrs and embB mutations associated with streptomycin and ethambutol resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"155","author":"Tracevska","year":"2004","journal-title":"Res. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2014.05.023","article-title":"Construction of a mathematical model for tuberculosis transmission in highly endemic regions of the Asia-Pacific","volume":"358","author":"Trauer","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Theor. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq322","article-title":"Characterization of mutations in streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in the area of Barcelona","volume":"65","author":"Tudo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.6026\/97320630004024","article-title":"Insight to pyrazinamide resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by molecular docking","volume":"4","author":"Unissa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioinformation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197009172831202","article-title":"Rifampin in the treatment of drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis infections","volume":"283","author":"Vall-Spinosa","year":"1970","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp292","article-title":"Isoniazid and rifampicin resistance-associated mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Yangon, Myanmar: implications for rapid molecular testing","volume":"64","author":"Valvatne","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3501","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01209-09","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains with highly discordant rifampin susceptibility test results","volume":"47","author":"Van Deun","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.10.0127","article-title":"Low-level rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains raise a new therapeutic challenge","volume":"15","author":"van Ingen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01719-2016","article-title":"Rapid emergence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bedaquiline resistance: lessons to avoid repeating past errors","volume":"49","author":"Veziris","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01476-09","article-title":"Polymorphisms associated with resistance and cross-resistance to aminoglycosides and capreomycin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from South Korean Patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"48","author":"Via","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.2.708-720.2005","article-title":"Altered NADH\/NAD+ ratio mediates coresistance to isoniazid and ethionamide in mycobacteria","volume":"49","author":"Vilcheze","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1466","article-title":"Transfer of a point mutation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhA resolves the target of isoniazid","volume":"12","author":"Vilcheze","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1445","first-page":"684","article-title":"Unexpected high prevalence of resistance-associated Rv0678 variants in MDR-TB patients without documented prior use of clofazimine or bedaquiline","volume":"72","author":"Villellas","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2804","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.9.2804-2810.2002","article-title":"Isoniazid-induced transient high-level resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"46","author":"Viveiros","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4498","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00287-09","article-title":"Fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and mutations in gyrA and gyrB","volume":"53","author":"Von Groll","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Vos, M., Muller, B., Borrell, S., Black, P.A., van Helden, P.D., Warren, R.M., Gagneux, S., Victor, T.C., 2013. Putative compensatory mutations in the rpoC gene of rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis are associated with ongoing transmission. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 57, 827\u2013832.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01541-12"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.45639-0","article-title":"Anaerobic incubation conditions enhance pyrazinamide activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"53","author":"Wade","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.31.6.157","article-title":"Strain Specificity and Production of Antibiotic Substances: V. Strain Resistance of Bacteria to Antibiotic Substances, Especially to Streptomycin","volume":"31","author":"Waksman","year":"1945","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.52.3.393-397.1946","article-title":"Isolation of Streptomycin-producing Strains of Streptomyces griseus","volume":"52","author":"Waksman","year":"1946","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E4523","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1606590113","article-title":"N-methylation of a bactericidal compound as a resistance mechanism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"113","author":"Warrier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.61.2.667","article-title":"Interaction of rifamycin with bacterial RNA polymerase","volume":"61","author":"Wehrli","year":"1968","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1086\/514096","article-title":"Recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis KatG(S315T) is a competent catalase-peroxidase with reduced activity toward isoniazid","volume":"176","author":"Wengenack","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15825","DOI":"10.1021\/bi982023k","article-title":"Evidence for differential binding of isoniazid by Mycobacterium tuberculosis KatG and the isoniazid-resistant mutant KatG(S315T)","volume":"37","author":"Wengenack","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02532-16","article-title":"Non-pncA Gene-Mutated but Pyrazinamide-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Why Is That?","volume":"55","author":"Werngren","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0126210","article-title":"A Comparison of Methods to Measure Fitness in Escherichia coli","volume":"10","author":"Wiser","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00246","article-title":"Epistasis and the Evolution of Antimicrobial Resistance","volume":"8","author":"Wong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1515","series-title":"TB: A Global Emergency","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1520","series-title":"Report of the meeting of the WHO Global Task Force on XDR-TB: Geneva, Switzerland, 9\u201310 October 2006","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1525","series-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2017","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1530","series-title":"Technical Report on critical concentrations for drug susceptibility testing of medicines used in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2015.11.004","article-title":"Reduction of minimum inhibitory concentrations in drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in the presence of efflux pump inhibitors","volume":"5","author":"Yadav","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00330999","article-title":"Viomycin favours the formation of 70S ribosome couples","volume":"161","author":"Yamada","year":"1978","journal-title":"Mol Gen Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1992.tb02035.x","article-title":"Bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of antituberculosis drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium-Mycobacterium intracellulare complex and Mycobacterium kansasii in different growth phases","volume":"36","author":"Yamori","year":"1992","journal-title":"Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03267.x","article-title":"Detection of rpoB, katG and inhA gene mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from Chongqing as determined by microarray","volume":"16","author":"Yao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1555","first-page":"523","article-title":"Pyrazinamide (aldinamide) in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"65","author":"Yeager","year":"1952","journal-title":"Am Rev Tuberc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02342-16","article-title":"Missense Mutations in the Unfoldase ClpC1 of the Caseinolytic Protease Complex Are Associated with Pyrazinamide Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"61","author":"Yee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1565","first-page":"126","article-title":"Increase in resistance of tubercle bacilli to streptomycin; a preliminary report","volume":"21","author":"Youmans","year":"1946","journal-title":"Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14769","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M300326200","article-title":"Reduced affinity for Isoniazid in the S315T mutant of Mycobacterium tuberculosis KatG is a key factor in antibiotic resistance","volume":"278","author":"Yu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2404","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.06860-11","article-title":"Molecular characterization of multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in Jiangxi, China","volume":"50","author":"Yuan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-9-10","article-title":"Genetic evaluation of relationship between mutations in rpoB and resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to rifampin","volume":"9","author":"Zaczek","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20004","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0907925106","article-title":"Overexpression of the chromosomally encoded aminoglycoside acetyltransferase eis confers kanamycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"106","author":"Zaunbrecher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.01.027","article-title":"The truncated Rv2820c of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing family augments intracellular survival of M. smegmatis by altering cytokine profile and inhibiting NO generation","volume":"59","author":"Zhai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1595","first-page":"6","article-title":"The curious characteristics of pyrazinamide: a review","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1038\/358591a0","article-title":"The catalase-peroxidase gene and isoniazid resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"358","author":"Zhang","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01596.x","article-title":"Transformation with katG restores isoniazid-sensitivity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates resistant to a range of drug concentrations","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2044","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.181.7.2044-2049.1999","article-title":"Role of acid pH and deficient efflux of pyrazinoic acid in unique susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to pyrazinamide","volume":"181","author":"Zhang","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-51-1-42","article-title":"Conditions that may affect the results of susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to pyrazinamide","volume":"51","author":"Zhang","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03681.x","article-title":"The Emb proteins of mycobacteria direct arabinosylation of lipoarabinomannan and arabinogalactan via an N-terminal recognition region and a C-terminal synthetic region","volume":"50","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5477","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.11.5477-5482.2005","article-title":"Detection of mutations associated with isoniazid resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from China","volume":"43","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30073-2","article-title":"Genetic sequencing for surveillance of drug resistance in tuberculosis in highly endemic countries: a multi-country population-based surveillance study","volume":"18","author":"Zignol","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx094","article-title":"Examination of bedaquiline- and linezolid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from the Moscow region","volume":"72","author":"Zimenkov","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1038\/79558","article-title":"Pyrazinamide inhibits the eukaryotic-like fatty acid synthetase I (FASI) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"6","author":"Zimhony","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023_bb1645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2009.11.016","article-title":"Peruvian and globally reported amino acid substitutions on the Mycobacterium tuberculosis pyrazinamidase suggest a conserved pattern of mutations associated to pyrazinamide resistance","volume":"10","author":"Zimic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."}],"container-title":["Infection, Genetics and Evolution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567134818307366?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567134818307366?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]],"date-time":"2022-09-02T16:18:19Z","timestamp":1662135499000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1567134818307366"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"references-count":331,"alternative-id":["S1567134818307366"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-1348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-1348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Genetics and roadblocks of drug resistant tuberculosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Infection, Genetics and Evolution","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.023","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}