{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T18:47:57Z","timestamp":1792003677493,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infection, Genetics and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,3]],"date-time":"2019-11-03T04:37:02Z","timestamp":1572755822000},"page":"104050","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Population structure of Borrelia turcica from Greece and Turkey"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Hepner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Fingerle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg Gerhard","family":"Duscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerit","family":"Felsberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Durdica","family":"Marosevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert Ethan","family":"Rollins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercy","family":"Okeyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Sing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Margos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed-effects models usinglme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2001)087[0032:AOTSRA]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Analysis of the systematic relationships among ticks of the genera Rhipicephalus and Boophilus (Acari: Ixodidae) based on mitochondrial 12s ribosomal DNA gene sequences and morphological characters","volume":"87","author":"Beati","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0015","series-title":"Testudo hermanni (Gmelin 1789) \u2013 Hermann\u2019s Tortoise","first-page":"059.1","author":"Bertolero","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0020","series-title":"Genetic analysis of the flagellin gene of Lyme disease spirochetes (Borrelia burgdorferi) isolated from rodents in Taiwan","first-page":"249","volume":"29","author":"Chao","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5076","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.11.5076-5086.2004","article-title":"Borrelia species in host-seeking ticks and small mammals in northern Florida","volume":"42","author":"Clark","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.5.1518-1530.2004","article-title":"eBURST: inferring patterns of evolutionary descent among clusters of related bacterial genotypes from multilocus sequence typing data","volume":"186","author":"Feil","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-10-152","article-title":"Global optimal eBURST analysis of multilocus typing data using a graphic matroid approach","volume":"10","author":"Francisco","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Bioinforma."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-46-4-898","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis of Borrelia species based on flagellin gene sequences and its application for molecular typing of Lyme disease borreliae","volume":"46","author":"Fukunaga","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0045","author":"Gelman"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.09.013","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of Borrelia turcica and \u2018Candidatus Borrelia tachyglossi\u2019 shows relapsing fever-like genomes with unique genomic links to Lyme disease Borrelia","volume":"66","author":"Gofton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2539","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.26464-0","article-title":"A novel, fast-growing Borrelia sp. isolated from the hard tick Hyalomma aegyptium in Turkey","volume":"149","author":"G\u00fcner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.03050-0","article-title":"Borrelia turcica sp. nov., isolated from the hard tick Hyalomma aegyptium in Turkey","volume":"54","author":"G\u00fcner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.06.013","article-title":"First investigations on serum resistance and sensitivity of Borrelia turcica","volume":"10","author":"Hepner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15013","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0903810106","article-title":"Phylogeography of Borrelia burgdorferi in the eastern United States reflects multiple independent Lyme disease emergence events","volume":"106","author":"Hoen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0075","series-title":"African Ixodidae, Ticks of the Sudan","article-title":"Hyalomma aegyptium, the tortoise hyalomma","author":"Hoogstraal","year":"1956"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix1107","article-title":"Surveillance for and discovery of borrelia species in US patients suspected of tickborne illness","volume":"66","author":"Kingry","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185434","article-title":"Molecular detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato - an analytical comparison of real-time PCR protocols from five different scandinavian laboratories","volume":"12","author":"Lager","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1627-x","article-title":"Novel Borrelia species detected in echidna ticks, Bothriocroton concolor, in Australia","volume":"9","author":"Loh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8730","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0800323105","article-title":"MLST of housekeeping genes captures geographic population structure and suggests a European origin of Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"105","author":"Margos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5410","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00116-09","article-title":"A new Borrelia species defined by multilocus sequence analysis of housekeeping genes","volume":"75","author":"Margos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2011.07.022","article-title":"Population genetics, taxonomy, phylogeny and evolution of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato","volume":"11","author":"Margos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2015.06.007","article-title":"PubMLST.org-the new home for the Borrelia MLSA database","volume":"6","author":"Margos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-185X.2010.00141.x","article-title":"Repeatability for gaussian and non-gaussian data: a practical guide for biologists","volume":"85","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btw582","article-title":"PHYLOViZ 2.0: providing scalable data integration and visualization for multiple phylogenetic inference methods","volume":"33","author":"Nascimento","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0125","series-title":"Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics","author":"Nei","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901766","article-title":"Active and passive surveillance and phylogenetic analysis of Borrelia burgdorferi elucidate the process of Lyme disease risk emergence in Canada","volume":"118","author":"Ogden","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-5-301","article-title":"Zoonotic pathogens associated with Hyalomma aegyptium in endangered tortoises: evidence for host-switching behaviour in ticks?","volume":"5","author":"Pastiu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0140","series-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-006-9036-z","article-title":"Hyalomma aegyptium as dominant tick in tortoises of the genus Testudo in Balkan countries, with notes on its host preferences","volume":"40","author":"Siroky","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp. Appl. Acarol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-011-9442-8","article-title":"Life cycle of tortoise tick Hyalomma aegyptium under laboratory conditions","volume":"54","author":"Siroky","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Appl. Acarol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-3-69","article-title":"Establishment of a minor groove binder-probe based quantitative real time PCR to detect Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and differentiation of Borrelia spielmanii by ospA-specific conventional PCR","volume":"3","author":"Strube","year":"2010","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/123.3.585","article-title":"Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism","volume":"123","author":"Tajima","year":"1989","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2009.02054.x","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of a novel Borrelia group of tick-borne borreliae from imported reptiles and their associated ticks","volume":"12","author":"Takano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1758-2229.2011.00280.x","article-title":"Characterization of reptile-associated Borrelia sp. in the vector tick, Amblyomma geoemydae, and its association with Lyme disease and relapsing fever Borrelia spp","volume":"3","author":"Takano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197","article-title":"MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0","volume":"30","author":"Tamura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4673","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/22.22.4673","article-title":"CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice","volume":"22","author":"Thompson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2003.08.006","article-title":"Multi-locus sequence typing: a tool for global epidemiology","volume":"11","author":"Urwin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004002","article-title":"Fine-scale phylogeographic structure of Borrelia lusitaniae revealed by multilocus sequence typing","volume":"3","author":"Vitorino","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2010.02319.x","article-title":"Host migration impacts on the phylogeography of Lyme Borreliosis spirochaete species in Europe","volume":"13","author":"Vollmer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2012.11.014","article-title":"Spatial spread and demographic expansion of lyme borreliosis spirochaetes in Eurasia","volume":"14C","author":"Vollmer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050_bb0205","series-title":"Bioscience Reports","article-title":"Ticks of domestic animals in Africa: a guide to identification of species","author":"Walker","year":"2003"}],"container-title":["Infection, Genetics and Evolution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S156713481930276X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S156713481930276X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T14:39:36Z","timestamp":1761575976000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S156713481930276X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S156713481930276X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-1348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-1348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Population structure of Borrelia turcica from Greece and Turkey","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Infection, Genetics and Evolution","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.104050","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104050"}}