{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T22:08:56Z","timestamp":1788473336315,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017057","name":"Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003007","name":"Ministry of Scientific Research, Egypt","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003007","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infection, Genetics and Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T02:53:43Z","timestamp":1593572023000},"page":"104433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Emerging infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in Egypt: Evidence for an evolutionary advantage of a new S1 variant with a unique gene 3ab constellation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Moharam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hesham","family":"Sultan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salama","family":"Shany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Awad A.","family":"Shehata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Abo-ElKhair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Pfaff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"H\u00f6per","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdy","family":"EL Kady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Beer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timm","family":"Harder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hafez","family":"Hafez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Grund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.14737\/journal.aavs\/2015\/3.7.362.371","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of new variant strains of infectious bronchitis virus in northern Egypt","volume":"3","author":"Abd El Rahman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Anim. Veterin. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abdel-Moneim, A., Madbouly, H., Gelb, J. J., Ladman, B., 2002. Isolation and identification of Egypt\/Beni-Suef\/01 a novel genotype of infectious bronchitis virus. Vet.Med.J., Giza 50, 1065-1078.doi:https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/257856074.","DOI":"10.21608\/vmjg.2002.369387"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2453","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-012-1445-1","article-title":"Emergence of a novel genotype of avian infectious bronchitis virus in Egypt","volume":"157","author":"Abdel-Moneim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2017.05.006","article-title":"Complete genome sequences of two avian infectious bronchitis viruses isolated in Egypt: evidence for genetic drift and genetic recombination in the circulating viruses","volume":"53","author":"Abozeid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1080\/03079459708419239","article-title":"Molecular analysis of the 793\/B serotype of infectious bronchitis virus in Great Britain","volume":"26","author":"Adzhar","year":"1997","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_bb1000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2009.0320","article-title":"Mutation and the evolution of recombination","volume":"365","author":"Barton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2006055","article-title":"Coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus","volume":"38","author":"Cavanagh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1702(88)90039-1","article-title":"Amino acids within hypervariable region 1 of avian coronavirus IBV (Massachusetts serotype) spike glycoprotein are associated with neutralization epitopes","volume":"11","author":"Cavanagh","year":"1988","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1080\/03079458408418570","article-title":"The classification of new serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from poultry flocks in Britain between 1981 and 1983","volume":"13","author":"Cook","year":"1984","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2011.566260","article-title":"Infectious bronchitis virus variants: a review of the history, current situation and control measures","volume":"40","author":"De Wit","year":"2011","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2019.103917","article-title":"Updated unified phylogenetic classification system and revised nomenclature for Newcastle disease virus","volume":"74","author":"Dimitrov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0055","first-page":"669","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of nephropathogenic strain of infectious bronchitis virus in EGYPT","volume":"6","author":"El-Mahdy","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0060","unstructured":"EU\/92\/66\/EEC, 1992. Introducing community measures for the control of Newcastle disease. Official Journal of the European Communities. L260, 1\u201320."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0065","unstructured":"FAO, 2004. FAO recommendations on the prevention, control and eradication of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in Asia, September 2004."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/78.2.737","article-title":"The evolutionary advantage of recombination","volume":"78","author":"Felsenstein","year":"1974","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msh109","article-title":"A large variation in the rates of synonymous substitution for RNA viruses and its relationship to a diversity of viral infection and transmission modes","volume":"21","author":"Hanada","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0080","article-title":"Respiratory disease due to mixed viral infections in poultry flocks in Egypt between 2017 and 2018: upsurge of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N8 since 2018","author":"Hassan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew068","article-title":"Prevalence of avian respiratory viruses in broiler flocks in Egypt","volume":"95","author":"Hassan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.80.1.296-305.2006","article-title":"Neither the RNA nor the proteins of open reading frames 3a and 3b of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus are essential for replication","volume":"80","author":"Hodgson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0095","series-title":"The Evolution and Emergence of RNA Viruses","author":"Holmes","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0100","unstructured":"Jackwood, M., de Wit, J. J., 2013. Infectious bronchitis, in: J. R. G. S.E. Swayne, L.R. McDougald, L.K. Nolan, D.L. Suarez & V. Nair (Eds.), (Ed.), Diseases of poultry (13th ed). Ames, IA: Blackwell Publishing Professional, pp. 117-135."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2012.05.003","article-title":"Molecular evolution and emergence of avian gammacoronaviruses","volume":"12","author":"Jackwood","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0176709","article-title":"Different evolutionary trajectories of vaccine-controlled and non-controlled avian infectious bronchitis viruses in commercial poultry","volume":"12","author":"Jackwood","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-73-3-591","article-title":"Location of antigenic sites defined by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies on the S1 avian infectious bronchitis virus glycopolypeptide","volume":"73","author":"Kant","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2601","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-018-3847-1","article-title":"Changes to taxonomy and the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2018)","volume":"163","author":"King","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12047","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01057-15","article-title":"Infectious bronchitis coronavirus inhibits STAT1 signaling and requires accessory proteins for resistance to Type I interferon activity","volume":"89","author":"Kint","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02671-14","article-title":"Activation of the chicken type I interferon response by infectious bronchitis coronavirus","volume":"89","author":"Kint","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054","article-title":"MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets","volume":"33","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(89)90058-5","article-title":"Phylogeny of antigenic variants of avian coronavirus IBV","volume":"169","author":"Kusters","year":"1989","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2017.09.010","article-title":"First characterization of a middle-east GI-23 lineage (Var2-like) of infectious bronchitis virus in Europe","volume":"242","author":"Lisowska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"vev003","DOI":"10.1093\/ve\/vev003","article-title":"RDP4: detection and analysis of recombination patterns in virus genomes","volume":"1","author":"Martin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Virus Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0155","series-title":"Fields Virology, Sixth Edition","first-page":"825","article-title":"Coronaviridae","author":"Masters","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5108","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0508200103","article-title":"Discovery of an RNA virus 3 '-> 5 ' exoribonuclease that is critically involved in coronavirus RNA synthesis","volume":"103","author":"Minskaia","year":"2006","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"issue":"Pt 12","key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-65-12-2281","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies to the S1 spike and membrane proteins of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus strain Massachusetts M41","volume":"65","author":"Mockett","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2019.1612852","article-title":"Investigation of suspected Newcastle disease (ND) outbreaks in Egypt uncovers a high virus velogenic ND virus burden in small-scale holdings and the presence of multiple pathogens","volume":"48","author":"Moharam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02204-07","article-title":"Development and validation of a one-step real-time PCR assay for simultaneous detection of subtype H5, H7, and H9 avian influenza viruses","volume":"46","author":"Monne","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1007\/s007050050239","article-title":"Identification of amino acids involved in a serotype and neutralization specific epitope within the s1 subunit of avian infectious bronchitis virus","volume":"142","author":"Moore","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2017.02.018","article-title":"New real time and conventional RT-PCRs for updated molecular diagnosis of infectious bronchitis virus infection (IBV) in chickens in Egypt associated with frequent co-infections with avian influenza and Newcastle Disease viruses","volume":"245","author":"Naguib","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.1.30435","article-title":"Novel real-time PCR-based patho- and phylotyping of potentially zoonotic avian influenza A subtype H5 viruses at risk of incursion into Europe in 2017","volume":"22","author":"Naguib","year":"2017","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1702(86)90022-5","article-title":"The peplomer protein sequence of the M41 strain of coronavirus IBV and its comparison with Beaudette strains","volume":"5","author":"Niesters","year":"1986","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2019.1628919","article-title":"Cross-species transmission of poultry pathogens in backyard farms: ducks as carriers of chicken viruses","volume":"48","author":"Pauly","year":"2019","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-019-01693-9","article-title":"Emergence and genetic analysis of variant pathogenic 4\/91 (serotype 793\/B) infectious bronchitis virus in Egypt during 2019","volume":"55","author":"Rohaim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/v11010057","article-title":"Genetic diversity and phylodynamics of avian coronaviruses in egyptian wild birds","volume":"11","author":"Rohaim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Selim, K., Arafa, A. S., Hussein, H. A., El-Sanousi, A.-A., 2013. Molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis viruses isolated from broiler and layer chicken farms in Egypt during 2012. International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine.doi:http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijvsm.2013.10.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijvsm.2013.10.002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0220","unstructured":"Sultan, H., Abdel-Razik, A., Shehata, A., brahim, M., Talaat, S., Abo-Elkhair, M., Bazid, A., Moharam, I., Vahlenkamp, T., 2015. Characterization of Infectious Bronchitis Viruses Circulating in Egyptian chickens during 2012 and 2013. Journal of Veterinary Science & Medical Diagnosis 4:5.doi:http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/2325-9590.1000180."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0225","first-page":"512","article-title":"Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees","volume":"10","author":"Tamura","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.3390\/v3091777","article-title":"Recombination in avian gamma-coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus","volume":"3","author":"Thor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.2307\/1590793","article-title":"Serological differentiation of avian infectious bronchitis field isolates using an enzyme immunoassay: presence of Dutch strains in West Germany","volume":"31","author":"Toro","year":"1987","journal-title":"Avian Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.02.015","article-title":"S1 gene-based phylogeny of infectious bronchitis virus: An attempt to harmonize virus classification","volume":"39","author":"Valastro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.01.017","article-title":"Recombinant live attenuated avian coronavirus vaccines with deletions in the accessory genes 3ab and\/or 5ab protect against infectious bronchitis in chickens","volume":"36","author":"van Beurden","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.1.329-338.2004","article-title":"Development of a real-time reverse-transcription PCR for detection of newcastle disease virus RNA in clinical samples","volume":"42","author":"Wise","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13108","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-31496-1","article-title":"A versatile sample processing workflow for metagenomic pathogen detection","volume":"8","author":"Wylezich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.5501\/wjv.v5.i3.125","article-title":"Genotyping and pathotyping of diversified strains of infectious bronchitis viruses circulating in Egypt","volume":"5","author":"Zanaty","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3583","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-016-3042-1","article-title":"The sequence of the full spike S1 glycoprotein of infectious bronchitis virus circulating in Egypt reveals evidence of intra-genotypic recombination","volume":"161","author":"Zanaty","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.108464","article-title":"Pathogenicity of a QX-like strain of infectious bronchitis virus and effects of accessory proteins 3a and 3b in chickens","volume":"239","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Infection, Genetics and Evolution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567134820302641?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567134820302641?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T14:58:29Z","timestamp":1761577109000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1567134820302641"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S1567134820302641"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-1348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-1348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Emerging infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in Egypt: Evidence for an evolutionary advantage of a new S1 variant with a unique gene 3ab constellation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Infection, Genetics and Evolution","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104433"}}