{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T22:27:40Z","timestamp":1758925660445},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]],"date-time":"2004-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1078099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medical Hypotheses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,27]],"date-time":"2004-01-27T05:23:12Z","timestamp":1075180992000},"page":"406-412","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The \u201cYoking\u201d of glutamatergic brain mechanisms involved in controlling brain neuronal excitability and psychosis to brain mechanisms involved in appetite regulation: a new hypothesis on the origin of psychosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Richard B","family":"Rosse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen I","family":"Deutsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1999.tb10908.x","article-title":"Body weight gain induced by antipsychotic drugs: mechanisms and management","volume":"100","author":"Baptista","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB2","unstructured":"Rosse RB, Chilton M, Deutsch SI. Preliminary data suggesting lower body mass index (BMI) in crack cocaine addicts prone to cocaine-induced paranoia\/psychosis (CIP) compared to crack addicts resistant to cocaine-induced paranoia\/psychosis (CIP). Israel J Psychiatr; 2003 [in submission]"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1097\/00002826-199408000-00008","article-title":"Phenomenologic comparison of the idiopathic psychosis of schizophrenia and drug-induced cocaine and phencyclidine psychoses: a retrospective study","volume":"17","author":"Rosse","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB4","unstructured":"Leakey RE, Lewin R. Origins reconsidered. Doubleday; 1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB5","unstructured":"Martin P. Extinctions in Near Time: Repairing the Damage, Plenary Session, given at The Second Astrobiology Science Conference, NASA AMES Research Center, April 7\u201311, 2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB6","series-title":"Extinctions in near time","author":"Martin","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(88)90030-1","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y and peptide YY as possible cerebrospinal markers for major depression and schizophrenia respectively","volume":"22","author":"Widerlov","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1990.tb01366.x","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y: an overview of central distribution, functional aspects, and possible involvement in neuropsychiatric illnesses","volume":"82","author":"Heilig","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1991.tb05539.x","article-title":"Reduced concentrations of galanin, arginine, vasopressin, neuropeptide Y and peptide YY in the temporal cortex, but not in the hypothalamus of brains from schizophrenics","volume":"83","author":"Fredericksen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(98)00002-4","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y-mediated enhancement of NMDA-stimulated [3H] dopamine release from prefrontal rat cortex is reversed by \u03c31 receptor antagonists","volume":"31","author":"Ault","year":"1998","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-9964(90)90012-V","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity in schizophrenia: relationships with clinical measures","volume":"3","author":"Peters","year":"1990","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)91268-J","article-title":"Characterization of phencyclidine-induced effects on neuropeptide Y systems in the rat caudate-putamen","volume":"593","author":"Midgley","year":"1992","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB13","first-page":"333","article-title":"Effects of neuropeptide Y on evoked potentials in the CA1 region and the dentate gyrus of the rat hippocampal slice","volume":"47","author":"Bijak","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pol. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.148.10.1301","article-title":"Recent advances in the phencyclidine model of schizophrenia","volume":"148","author":"Javitt","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00002826-198902000-00001","article-title":"A glutamatergic hypothesis of schizophrenia. Rationale for pharmacotherapy with glycine","volume":"12","author":"Deutsch","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(94)90400-6","article-title":"Dynamic dopaminergic regulation of neuropeptide Y systems in discrete striatal and accumbens regions","volume":"251","author":"Midgley","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"122","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(91)90858-Q","article-title":"N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor complex modulation by neuropeptide Y and peptide YY in rat hippocampus in vitro","volume":"28","author":"Roman","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1054\/npep.2002.0874","article-title":"The effect of competitive and non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonists, ACPC and MK-801 on NPY and CRF-like immunoreactivity in the rat brain amygdala","volume":"35","author":"Wieronska","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuropeptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB19","first-page":"1160","article-title":"Effects of stimulants of abuse on extrapyramidal and limbic neuropeptide Y systems","volume":"288","author":"Scot","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2078","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.6.2078","article-title":"Cocaine-induced reduction of brain neuropeptide Y synthesis dependent on medial prefrontal cortex","volume":"88","author":"Wahlestedt","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145700001759","article-title":"Chronic antipsychotic treatment selectively alters nerve growth factor and neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity and the distribution of choline acetyl transferase in rat brain regions","volume":"3","author":"Angelucci","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(99)00199-9","article-title":"Inhibition of amphetamine- and apomorphine-induced behavioural effects by neuropeptide Y\u2013Y(1) receptor antagonist BIBO 3304","volume":"27","author":"Kask","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4179(96)90057-8","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of intrahippocampal NPY injection on amphetamine-induced behavioural activity","volume":"30","author":"Smialowska","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuropeptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(01)00679-7","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y\u2013Y2 receptors mediate anxiety in the amygdala","volume":"71","author":"Sajdyk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(02)00847-8","article-title":"Area postrema lesions elevate NPY levels and decrease anxiety-related behavior in rats","volume":"77","author":"Miller","year":"2002","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(01)00066-5","article-title":"The neurocircuitry and receptor subtypes mediating anxiolytic-like effects of neuropeptide Y","volume":"26","author":"Kask","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12852","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.220232997","article-title":"Behavioral insensitivity to restraint stress, absent fear suppression of behavior and impaired spatial learning in transgenic rats with hippocampal neuropeptide Y overexpression","volume":"97","author":"Thorsell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-200105000-00010","article-title":"Relationship among plasma cortisol, catecholamines, neuropeptide Y, and human performance during exposure to uncontrollable stress","volume":"63","author":"Morgan 3rd","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(01)00116-6","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor-mediated anxiolysis in the dorsocaudal lateral septum: functional antagonism of corticotropin-releasing hormone-induced anxiety","volume":"104","author":"Kask","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB30","series-title":"Eat or be eaten: predator sensitive foraging among primates","first-page":"1","article-title":"An introduction to predator sensitive foraging","author":"Miller","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7764","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-19-07764.2001","article-title":"Genetic comparison of seizure control by norepinephrine and neuropeptide Y","volume":"21","author":"Weinshenker","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(01)00347-3","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y and epilepsy: varying effects according to seizure type and receptor activation","volume":"22","author":"Reibel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-0115(98)00079-2","article-title":"Antiepileptic effects of NPY on pentylenetetrazole seizures","volume":"75\u201376","author":"Woldbye","year":"1998","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1097\/00124509-199903000-00008","article-title":"Electroconvulsive therapy as an anticonvulsant: a possible role of neuropeptide Y (NPY)","volume":"15","author":"Bolwig","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4179(02)00086-0","article-title":"Extracellular levels of NPY in the dorsal hippocampus of freely moving rats are markedly elevated following a single electroconvulsive stimulation, irrespective of anticonvulsive Y1 receptor blockade","volume":"36","author":"Husum","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuropeptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S1096-4959(01)00545-0","article-title":"Neuropeptides and amphibian prey-catching behavior","volume":"132","author":"Carr","year":"2002","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1996.tb00608.x","article-title":"Postictal psychosis: a comparison with acute interictal and chronic psychoses","volume":"37","author":"Kanemoto","year":"1996","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2826.2001.00674.x","article-title":"The effect of acute and chronic restraint on the central expression of prepro-neuropeptide Y mRNA in normotensive and hypertensive rats","volume":"13","author":"Sweerts","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"issue":"79","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-328X(00)00105-4","article-title":"Acute stress increases neuropeptide Y mRNA within the arcuate nucleus and hilus of the dentate gyrus","volume":"23","author":"Conrad","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain. Res. Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(02)00038-2","article-title":"Early maternal deprivation alters hippocampal levels of neuropeptide Y and calcitonin-gene related peptide in adult rats","volume":"42","author":"Husum","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(02)01012-2","article-title":"Interaction of stress and strain on glutamatergic neurotransmission: relevance to schizophrenia","volume":"74","author":"Billingslea","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1994.tb17055.x","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y inhibits potassium-stimulated glutamate release through Y2 receptors in rat hippocampal slices in vitro","volume":"113","author":"Greber","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.450030111","article-title":"On the site of presynaptic inhibition by neuropeptide Y in the rat hippocampus in vitro","volume":"3","author":"Klapstein","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB44","first-page":"53","article-title":"Weight changes in relation to the characteristics of patients on chlorpromazine","volume":"20","author":"Planansky","year":"1959","journal-title":"J. Clin. Exp. Psychopathol. Q. Rev. Psychiatr. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-200206000-00003","article-title":"Antipsychotic-induced weight gain and therapeutic response: a differential association","volume":"22","author":"Czobor","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.149.1.68","article-title":"Clozapine-induced weight gain: prevalence and clinical relevance","volume":"149","author":"Leadbetter","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.2165\/00044011-199612010-00003","article-title":"Weight gain as a predictor of long term clozapine efficacy","volume":"12","author":"Jalenques","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin. Drug. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(70)71576-4","article-title":"Weight changes with schizophrenic psychosis and psychotropic drug therapy","volume":"9","author":"Holden","year":"1970","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB49","first-page":"102","article-title":"Weight changes during treatment with phenothiazine derivatives","volume":"2","author":"Klett","year":"1960","journal-title":"J. Neuropsychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(70)71577-6","article-title":"Weight as a correlate of clinical response to psychotropic drugs","volume":"9","author":"Singh","year":"1970","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(97)00488-5","article-title":"Clozapine and body mass change","volume":"43","author":"Frankenburg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biol. Psych."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.2000.101006416.x","article-title":"Atypical antipsychotics and weight gain \u2013 a systematic review","volume":"101","author":"Taylor","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scan."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004_BIB53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300023","article-title":"Effect of divalproex combined with olanzapine or risperidone in patients with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia","volume":"28","author":"Casey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"}],"container-title":["Medical Hypotheses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306987703003463?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306987703003463?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]],"date-time":"2019-02-15T06:24:57Z","timestamp":1550211897000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306987703003463"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0306987703003463"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mehy.2003.11.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-9877"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-9877","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]}}}