{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:37:09Z","timestamp":1787837829854,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","medical-hypotheses.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Hypotheses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,10]],"date-time":"2016-04-10T03:13:19Z","timestamp":1460257999000},"page":"16-19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology in Sri Lanka: Are leptospirosis and Hantaviral infection likely causes?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Chandika Damesh","family":"Gamage","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yomani Dilukshi","family":"Sarathkumara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-010-9339-1","article-title":"Chronic kidney diseases of uncertain etiology (CKDue) in Sri Lanka: geographic distribution and environmental implications","volume":"33","author":"Chandrajith","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Geochem Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2011.258","article-title":"Uncertain etiologies of proteinuric-chronic kidney disease in rural Sri Lanka","volume":"80","author":"Athuraliya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-15-125","article-title":"Additional perspectives on chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka \u2013 lessons learned from the WHO CKDu population prevalence study","volume":"15","author":"Redmon","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0020","unstructured":"Presidentialtaskforce.gov.lk. President Task Force; 2015. [online] Available at: <http:\/\/www.presidentialtaskforce.gov.lk\/en\/kidney.html> [Accessed 14 Nov. 2015]."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4038\/cmj.v58i1.5356","article-title":"Geographical distribution of chronic kidney disease of unknown origin in North Central Region of Sri Lanka","volume":"58","author":"Jayasekara","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ceylon Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.37757\/MR2014.V16.N2.10","article-title":"Update on uncertain etiology of chronic kidney disease in Sri Lanka\u2019s north-central dry zone","volume":"16","author":"Wanigasuriya","year":"2014","journal-title":"MEDICC Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s12199-011-0237-7","article-title":"Risk factors associated with disease progression and mortality in chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology: a cohort study in Medawachchiya, Sri Lanka","volume":"17","author":"Senevirathna","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Health Preventive Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4038\/cmj.v58i4.6304","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of renal histology in asymptomatic patients with probable chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology in Sri Lanka","volume":"58","author":"Wijetunge","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ceylon Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0045","series-title":"Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology in Sri Lanka: quest for understanding and global implications","author":"Elledge","year":"2014"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2007.05.006","article-title":"Chronic renal failure in North Central Province of Sri Lanka: an environmentally induced disease","volume":"101","author":"Wanigasuriya","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-14-180","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease of uncertain aetiology: prevalence and causative factors in a developing country","volume":"14","author":"Jayatilake","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0060","article-title":"The short term effect of cyanobacterial toxin extracts on mice kidney","volume":"16","author":"Dissananyake","year":"2011"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.04.007","article-title":"Could ochratoxin A in food commodities be the cause of chronic kidney disease in Sri Lanka?","volume":"102","author":"Wanigasuriya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-011-0301-4","article-title":"Mycotoxin detection in urine samples from patients with chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology in Sri Lanka","volume":"87","author":"Desalegn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2010.03.011","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease associated with environmental toxins and exposures","volume":"17","author":"Soderland","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv Chron Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2013.10.062","article-title":"CKD of unknown origin in central america: the case for a mesoamerican nephropathy","volume":"63","author":"Correa-Rotter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-9-147","article-title":"Leptospirosis in the Asia Pacific region","volume":"9","author":"Victoriano","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-014-0060-2","article-title":"Current immunological and molecular tools for leptospirosis: diagnostics, vaccine design, and biomarkers for predicting severity","volume":"14","author":"Rajapakse","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrobials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0095","first-page":"4","article-title":"Selected notifiable diseases reported by Medical Officers of Health","volume":"36","author":"Epidemiological Unit","year":"2009","journal-title":"Weekly Epidemiological Report"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2008.04.008","article-title":"Leptospiral nephropathy","volume":"28","author":"Andrade","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e31828fae49","article-title":"Pathophysiology of leptospirosis","volume":"39","author":"Seguro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Shock"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2626","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002626","article-title":"Regional differences of leptospirosis in Sri Lanka: observations from a flood-associated outbreak in 2011","volume":"8","author":"Agampodi","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0115","series-title":"Epidemiology, surveillance and laboratory diagnosis of leptospirosis in the WHO South-East Asia region","author":"Gamage","year":"2012"},{"issue":"01","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.317","article-title":"Hantavirus Infection: a review and global update","volume":"2","author":"Bi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Developing Countries"},{"issue":"8622","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0125","first-page":"1263","article-title":"Hantavirus disease in Sri Lanka","volume":"26","author":"Vitarana","year":"1988","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.64.72","article-title":"Serological evidence of Thailand virus-related hantavirus infection among suspected leptospirosis patients in Kandy, Sri Lanka","volume":"64","author":"Gamage","year":"2011","journal-title":"Jpn. J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"08","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.4115","article-title":"Hantavirus infection mimicking leptospirosis: how long are we going to rely on clinical suspicion?","volume":"8","author":"Dahanayaka","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Infect Developing Countries"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268814003707","article-title":"Concomitant leptospirosis-hantavirus co-infection in acute patients hospitalized in Sri Lanka: implications for a potentially worldwide underestimated problem","volume":"143","author":"Sunil-Chandra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1007\/s004670050733","article-title":"Chronic renal failure after Puumala virus infection","volume":"13","author":"Novo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-015-2446-2","article-title":"Factors predicting kidney damage in Puumala virus infected patients in Southern Denmark","volume":"34","author":"Skarphedinsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/S0953-6205(02)00037-7","article-title":"Acute renal failure caused by leptospirosis and Hantavirus infection in an urban hospital","volume":"13","author":"Sion","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Internal Med"}],"container-title":["Medical Hypotheses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306987716300275?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306987716300275?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T13:52:42Z","timestamp":1655473962000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306987716300275"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["S0306987716300275"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-9877"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-9877","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology in Sri Lanka: Are leptospirosis and Hantaviral infection likely causes?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Medical Hypotheses","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}