{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:53:50Z","timestamp":1772121230802,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Hypotheses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]],"date-time":"2020-01-10T11:47:34Z","timestamp":1578656854000},"page":"109569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Towards a novel therapy against AIDS"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Adrien","family":"Locatelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6189183","article-title":"Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovirus from a patient at risk for acquired immune deficiencysyndrome (AIDS)","volume":"220","author":"Barre-Sinoussi","year":"1983","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13193","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.24.13193","article-title":"Presence of an inducible HIV-1 latent reservoir during highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"94","author":"Chun","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16933","article-title":"Persistent HIV-1 replication maintains the tissue reservoir during therapy","volume":"530","author":"Lorenzo-Redondo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4108","article-title":"International AIDS Society global scientific strategy: towards an HIV cure 2016","volume":"22","author":"Deeks","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802905","article-title":"Long-term control of HIV by CCR5 Delta32\/Delta32 stem-cell transplantation","volume":"360","author":"H\u00fctter","year":"2009","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1027-4","article-title":"HIV-1 remission following CCR5\u039432\/\u039432 haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation","volume":"568","author":"Gupta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1225829","article-title":"A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity","volume":"337","author":"Jinek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1232033","article-title":"RNA-guided human genome engineering via Cas9","volume":"339","author":"Mali","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2013.143","article-title":"Genome engineering using the CRISPR-Cas9 system","volume":"8","author":"Ran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Protocols"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2507","article-title":"Targeted genome engineering in human cells with the Cas9 RNA-guided endonuclease","volume":"31","author":"Cho","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1247005","article-title":"Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening in human cells","volume":"343","author":"Shalem","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.05.010","article-title":"Development and applications of CRISPR-Cas9 for genome engineering","volume":"157","author":"Hsu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2647","article-title":"DNA targeting specificity of RNA-guided Cas9 nucleases","volume":"31","author":"Hsu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.08.021","article-title":"Double nicking by RNA-guided CRISPR Cas9 for enhanced genome editing specificity","volume":"154","author":"Ran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1246981","article-title":"Genetic screens in human cells using the CRISPR-Cas9 system","volume":"343","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2579","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1208507109","article-title":"Cas9-crRNA ribonucleoprotein complex mediates specific DNA cleavage for adaptive immunity in bacteria","volume":"109","author":"Gasiunas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2675","article-title":"CAS9 transcriptional activators for target specificity screening and paired nickases for cooperative genome engineering","volume":"31","author":"Mali","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14299","article-title":"In vivo genome editing using Staphylococcus aureus Cas9","volume":"520","author":"Ran","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2510","DOI":"10.1038\/srep02510","article-title":"Harnessing the CRISPR\/Cas9 system to disrupt latent HIV-1 provirus","volume":"3","author":"Ebina","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6413","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7413","article-title":"Use of the CRISPR\/Cas9 system as an intracellular defense against HIV-1 infection in human cells","volume":"6","author":"Liao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.03.042","article-title":"CRISPR\/Cas9-derived mutations both inhibit HIV-1 replication and accelerate viral escape","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11461","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1405186111","article-title":"RNA-directed gene editing specifically eradicates latent and prevents new HIV-1 infection","volume":"111","author":"Hu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s12977-015-0150-z","article-title":"The CRISPR\/Cas9 system inactivates latent HIV-1 proviral DNA","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22555","DOI":"10.1038\/srep22555","article-title":"Elimination of HIV-1 genomes from human T-lymphoid cells by CRISPR\/Cas9 gene editing","volume":"6","author":"Kaminski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1038\/gt.2016.41","article-title":"Excision of HIV-1 DNA by gene editing: a proof-of-concept in vivo study","volume":"23","author":"Kaminski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gene Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2017.03.012","article-title":"In vivo excision of HIV-1 provirus by saCas9 and multiplex single-guide RNAs in animal models","volume":"25","author":"Yin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7784","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-26190-1","article-title":"CRISPR\/Cas9 system targeting regulatory genes of HIV-1 inhibits viral replication in infected T-cell cultures","volume":"8","author":"Ophinni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.057","article-title":"A combinatorial CRISPR-Cas9 attack on HIV-1 DNA extinguishes all infectious provirus in infected T cell cultures","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2018.05.021","article-title":"Removal of HIV DNA by CRISPR from patient blood engrafts in humanized mice","volume":"12","author":"Bella","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Ther Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2753","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10366-y","article-title":"Sequential LASER ART and CRISPR treatments eliminate HIV-1 in a subset of infected humanized mice","volume":"10","author":"Dash","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00163230","article-title":"Recombination in AIDS viruses","volume":"40","author":"Robertson","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Mol Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg1246","article-title":"The causes and consequences of HIV evolution","volume":"5","author":"Rambaut","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4647","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3116","article-title":"Estimating drug efficacy and viral dynamic parameters: HIV and HCV","volume":"27","author":"Perelson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stat Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0170","unstructured":"Locatelli A. pLV. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6084\/m9.figshare.9642281.v1."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-11-540641","article-title":"Mystery solved: VSV-G-LVs do not allow efficient gene transfer into unstimulated T cells, B cells, and HSCs because they lack the LDL receptor","volume":"123","author":"Amirache","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0180","unstructured":"Alberts B, et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th edition. New York: Garland Science; 2002. Table 22-1, Blood Cells. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK26919\/table\/A4143\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2665","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-03-0822","article-title":"Evidence that the number of hematopoietic stem cells per animal is conserved in mammals","volume":"100","author":"Abkowitz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2017.10.015","article-title":"Ex vivo selection of transduced hematopoietic stem cells for gene therapy of \u03b2-hemoglobinopathies","volume":"26","author":"Bhukhai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm-2016-0164","article-title":"Development and characterization of a long-acting nanoformulated abacavir prodrug","volume":"11","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"}],"container-title":["Medical Hypotheses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306987719311326?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306987719311326?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T19:19:10Z","timestamp":1759691950000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306987719311326"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S0306987719311326"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.31219\/osf.io\/3yx7t","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0306-9877"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-9877","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Towards a novel therapy against AIDS","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Medical Hypotheses","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109569","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109569"}}