{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T03:06:21Z","timestamp":1788318381848,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","metabolismjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,16]],"date-time":"2017-10-16T09:01:57Z","timestamp":1508144517000},"page":"57-65","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Bone disease in primary hyperparathyroidism"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Polyzois","family":"Makras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athanasios D.","family":"Anastasilakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198001243020402","article-title":"Primary hyperparathyroidism. Incidence, morbidity, and potential economic impact in a community","volume":"302","author":"Heath","year":"1980","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1760","article-title":"Presentation of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: proceedings of the third international workshop","volume":"94","author":"Silverberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0015","first-page":"801","article-title":"Catabolic and anabolic actions of parathyroid hormone on the skeleton","volume":"34","author":"Silva","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4047","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.9.8356","article-title":"Catabolic effects of continuous human PTH (1\u201338) in vivo is associated with sustained stimulation of RANKL and inhibition of osteoprotegerin and gene-associated bone formation","volume":"142","author":"Ma","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2005.03.018","article-title":"SOST is a target gene for PTH in bone","volume":"37","author":"Keller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.320","article-title":"The amazing osteocyte","volume":"26","author":"Bonewald","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2012.08.121","article-title":"Osteocyte control of osteoclastogenesis","volume":"54","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2005.02.005","article-title":"SOST\/sclerostin, an osteocyte-derived negative regulator of bone formation","volume":"16","author":"van Bezooijen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2797","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1046","article-title":"Parathyroid hormone receptor signaling induces bone resorption in the adult skeleton by directly regulating the RANKL gene in osteocytes","volume":"155","author":"Ben-awadh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0050","first-page":"N24","article-title":"The pathophysiology of primary hyperparathyroidism","author":"Brown","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.06.004","article-title":"Impaired calcium sensing in parathyroid tumors is selectively associated with lower bone mineral density in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"74","author":"Weber","year":"2017","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650100917","article-title":"Bone structure in postmenopausal hyperparathyroid, osteoporotic, and normal women","volume":"10","author":"Parisien","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650040302","article-title":"Skeletal disease in primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"4","author":"Silverberg","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3001","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-2802","article-title":"Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism: further characterization of a new clinical phenotype","volume":"92","author":"Lowe","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4641","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021404","article-title":"Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism: evidence for a generalized target-tissue resistance to parathyroid hormone","volume":"88","author":"Maruani","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-4255","article-title":"Trabecular bone score (TBS)\u2013a novel method to evaluate bone microarchitectural texture in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"98","author":"Silva","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1841","article-title":"Primary hyperparathyroidism is associated with abnormal cortical and trabecular microstructure and reduced bone stiffness in postmenopausal women","volume":"28","author":"Stein","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02225","article-title":"The risk of fractures in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"155","author":"De Geronimo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-83-3-365","article-title":"Back pain and vertebral crush fractures: an unemphasized mode of presentation for primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"83","author":"Dauphine","year":"1975","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6060(05)80017-0","article-title":"Fracture incidence in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"118","author":"Kenny","year":"1995","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2306","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2006","article-title":"Morphometric vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"94","author":"Vignali","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1999.14.10.1700","article-title":"Primary hyperparathyroidism and the risk of fracture: a population-based study","volume":"14","author":"Khosla","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0115","first-page":"N103","article-title":"Fracture risk in primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"17","author":"Khosla","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-109-12-959","article-title":"Mild asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism is not a risk factor for vertebral fractures","volume":"109","author":"Wilson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1993.tb01017.x","article-title":"The risk of hip fractures in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: a population-based cohort study with a follow-up of 19years","volume":"234","author":"Larsson","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3561","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-1413","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: summary statement from the Fourth International Workshop","volume":"99","author":"Bilezikian","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(88)90100-3","article-title":"Hungry bone syndrome: clinical and biochemical predictors of its occurrence after parathyroid surgery","volume":"84","author":"Brasier","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2012.11.013","article-title":"Skeletal effects of primary hyperparathyroidism: bone mineral density and fracture risk","volume":"16","author":"Lewiecki","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(97)00078-1","article-title":"Primary hyperparathyroidism: biochemical markers and bone mineral density at multiple skeletal sites in Danish patients","volume":"21","author":"Christiansen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3845","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.83.11.5249","article-title":"Bone mineral recovery after parathyroidectomy in patients with primary and renal hyperparathyroidism","volume":"83","author":"Abdelhadi","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3462","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1215","article-title":"The natural history of primary hyperparathyroidism with or without parathyroid surgery after 15years","volume":"93","author":"Rubin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.050910","article-title":"Incidence of primary hyperparathyroidism in Rochester, Minnesota, 1993\u20132001: an update on the changing epidemiology of the disease","volume":"21","author":"Wermers","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0165","first-page":"N98","article-title":"Bone densitometry in asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"17","author":"Miller","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.03109.x","article-title":"Vitamin D metabolites and skeletal consequences in primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"68","author":"Moosgaard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2013.03.009","article-title":"New insights into the effects of primary hyperparathyroidism on the cortical and trabecular compartments of bone","volume":"55","author":"Vu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.98","article-title":"Effects on bone geometry, density, and microarchitecture in the distal radius but not the tibia in women with primary hyperparathyroidism: a case-control study using HR-pQCT","volume":"25","author":"Hansen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-13-0305","article-title":"Bone quality, as measured by trabecular bone score, in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"169","author":"Eller-Vainicher","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2012.11.041","article-title":"\u201cTrabecular Bone Score\u201d (TBS): an indirect measure of bone micro-architecture in postmenopausal patients with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"53","author":"Romagnoli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-2730000003381","article-title":"Bone disease in primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"58","author":"Bandeira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-70-4-930","article-title":"The histomorphometry of bone in primary hyperparathyroidism: preservation of cancellous bone structure","volume":"70","author":"Parisien","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2007.03.020","article-title":"Preserved three-dimensional cancellous bone structure in mild primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"41","author":"Dempster","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2122","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1772","article-title":"Vitamin D repletion in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and coexistent vitamin D insufficiency","volume":"90","author":"Grey","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2010.10.004","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency influences histomorphometric features of bone in primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"48","author":"Stein","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-016-3716-2","article-title":"Primary hyperparathyroidism: review and recommendations on evaluation, diagnosis, and management. A Canadian and international consensus","volume":"28","author":"Khan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0225","series-title":"Primer on the Metabolic Bone Diseases and Disorders of Mineral Metabolism","first-page":"543","article-title":"Primary hyperparathyroidism","author":"Silverberg","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199910213411701","article-title":"A 10-year prospective study of primary hyperparathyroidism with or without parathyroid surgery","volume":"341","author":"Silverberg","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1836","article-title":"Medical observation, compared with parathyroidectomy, for asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: a prospective, randomized trial","volume":"92","author":"Bollerslev","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3114","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0219","article-title":"Surgery or surveillance for mild asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: a prospective, randomized clinical trial","volume":"92","author":"Ambrogini","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(99)00150-7","article-title":"Primary hyperparathyroidism: short-term changes in bone remodeling and bone mineral density following parathyroidectomy","volume":"25","author":"Christiansen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-198211000-00013","article-title":"Sequential changes in bone density before and after parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"17","author":"Leppla","year":"1982","journal-title":"Investig Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-2102","article-title":"Effect of primary hyperparathyroidism on volumetric bone mineral density and bone geometry assessed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography in postmenopausal women","volume":"91","author":"Charopoulos","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7261.598","article-title":"Cohort study of risk of fracture before and after surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"321","author":"Vestergaard","year":"2000","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.14310\/horm.2002.1225","article-title":"Medical treatment of hypercalcaemia","volume":"8","author":"Makras","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hormones (Athens)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1159\/000048935","article-title":"A strategy for the management of elderly women with primary hyperparathyroidism: a comparison of etidronate therapy with parathyroidectomy","volume":"48","author":"Horiuchi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-95-1-23","article-title":"Effects of dichloromethylene diphosphonate on serum and urinary calcium in primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"95","author":"Shane","year":"1981","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.286.6365.587","article-title":"Drug treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism: use of clodronate disodium","volume":"286","author":"Douglas","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0285","first-page":"S69","article-title":"Clodronate in the medical management of hyperparathyroidism","volume":"8","author":"Hamdy","year":"1987","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0290","article-title":"Contemporary medical management of primary hyperparathyroidism: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Leere","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/S1575-0922(09)70843-5","article-title":"Hiperparatiroidismo primario. Una alternativa a la cirug\u00eda","volume":"56","author":"D\u00edaz Guardiola","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3607","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-1417","article-title":"Medical management of primary hyperparathyroidism: proceedings of the fourth international workshop on the management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"99","author":"Marcocci","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2001.16.1.113","article-title":"Effects of oral alendronate in elderly patients with osteoporosis and mild primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"16","author":"Rossini","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020890","article-title":"Oral alendronate increases bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"88","author":"Chow","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4482","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2001-010385","article-title":"Alendronate in the treatment of primary hyperparathyroid-related osteoporosis: a 2-year study","volume":"87","author":"Parker","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3319","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030908","article-title":"Alendronate in primary hyperparathyroidism: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"89","author":"Khan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0325","first-page":"19","article-title":"Treatment with oral biphosphonates can increase the sensitivity of sestamibi radionuclide imaging in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"25","author":"Makras","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0330","first-page":"230","article-title":"Alendronate stimulation of nocturnal parathyroid hormone secretion: a mechanism to explain the continued improvement in bone mineral density accompanying alendronate therapy","volume":"108","author":"Greenspan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Assoc Am Physicians"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0335","first-page":"1067","article-title":"Acute changes in calcium homeostasis during treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism with risedronate","volume":"77","author":"Reasner","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-013-0473-6","article-title":"Effect of parathyroidectomy versus risedronate on volumetric bone mineral density and bone geometry at the tibia in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"32","author":"Tournis","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-005-0680-x","article-title":"Bisphosphonate pretreatment attenuates hungry bone syndrome postoperatively in subjects with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"24","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.5603\/EP.2014.0063","article-title":"Five-year longitudinal evaluation of mild primary hyperparathyroidism \u2014 medical treatment versus clinical observation","volume":"65","author":"Vera","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endokrynol Pol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-1232","article-title":"The relationship of parathyroidectomy and bisphosphonates with fracture risk in primary hyperparathyroidism: an observational study","volume":"164","author":"Yeh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.103.057273","article-title":"pharmacodynamics of the type ii calcimimetic compound cinacalcet HCl","volume":"308","author":"Nemeth","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-011-9459-0","article-title":"Cinacalcet hydrochloride in combination with alendronate normalizes hypercalcemia and improves bone mineral density in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"39","author":"Faggiano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31824c5252","article-title":"Calcimimetics versus parathyroidectomy for treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism: retrospective chart analysis of a prospective database","volume":"255","author":"Keutgen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0375","first-page":"655","article-title":"Cinacalcet efficacy in patients with moderately severe primary hyperparathyroidism according to the European Medicine Agency prescription labeling","volume":"35","author":"Cetani","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198606053142304","article-title":"Ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone in the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism in postmenopausal women","volume":"314","author":"Selby","year":"1986","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-125-5-199609010-00002","article-title":"Effect of hormone replacement therapy on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with mild primary hyperparathyroidism. A randomized, controlled trial","volume":"125","author":"Grey","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020667","article-title":"Raloxifene lowers serum calcium and markers of bone turnover in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"88","author":"Rubin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2001.16.1.189","article-title":"Raloxifene reverses bone loss in postmenopausal women with mild asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"16","author":"Zanchetta","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12188","article-title":"Parathyroid hormone changes following denosumab treatment in postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"79","author":"Makras","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2015.07.011","article-title":"Novel therapies for osteoporosis","volume":"64","author":"Makras","year":"2015","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2426","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-1154","article-title":"An open-label, prospective pilot clinical study of denosumab for severe hyperparathyroidism in patients with low bone mass undergoing dialysis","volume":"99","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6390","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e6390","article-title":"Calcium intake and risk of primary hyperparathyroidism in women: prospective cohort study","volume":"345","author":"Paik","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-002-0383-1","article-title":"The effects of calcium supplementation to patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and a low calcium intake","volume":"41","author":"Jorde","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0425","series-title":"Committee to Review Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin","article-title":"Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D","author":"Medicine Io","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-11-0589","article-title":"Current evidence for recommendation of surgery, medical treatment and vitamin D repletion in mild primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"165","author":"Bollerslev","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-3978","article-title":"Vitamin D treatment in primary hyperparathyroidism: a randomized placebo controlled trial","volume":"99","author":"Rolighed","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0026049517302779?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0026049517302779?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T04:17:05Z","timestamp":1758428225000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0026049517302779"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"references-count":87,"alternative-id":["S0026049517302779"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0026-0495"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0026-0495","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Bone disease in primary hyperparathyroidism","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Metabolism","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}