{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:47:33Z","timestamp":1791928053755,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018136","name":"Murray State University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018136","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["MethodsX"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T15:14:22Z","timestamp":1781968462000},"page":"104009","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Development and characterization of silicone-based testosterone propionate implants for sustained androgen delivery in juvenile castrated male pigs"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6167-9139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sydney T.","family":"Puda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5911-8425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heather A.","family":"Moeser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3068-627X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam J.","family":"Moeser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5A","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1051\/rnd:19840501","article-title":"Sex play and behavioral sexualization in the pig","volume":"24","author":"Berry","year":"1984","journal-title":"Reprod. Nutr. Dev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-85-5-971","article-title":"Aggressive behavior and seminal vesicle function in mice: differential sensitivity to androgen given neonatally","volume":"85","author":"Bronson","year":"1969","journal-title":"Endocrinol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2596","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2018-00220","article-title":"Comparing postnatal development of gonadal hormones and associated social behaviors in rats, mice, and humans","volume":"159","author":"Bell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s12576-011-0190-7","article-title":"Prenatal testosterone supplementation alters puberty onset, aggressive behavior, and partner preference in adult male rats","volume":"62","author":"Cruz","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/0018-506X(81)90028-3","article-title":"Neonatal androgens influence the social play of prepubescent rats","volume":"15","author":"Meaney","year":"1981","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(75)90036-0","article-title":"Effects of neonatal androgens on open-field behavior and maze learning in the prepubescent and adult rat","volume":"14","author":"Stewart","year":"1975","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2015.10.040","article-title":"Critical role of androgen receptor in the postnatal period in male sexual behavior in rats","volume":"609","author":"Yamada","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-120-4-1551","article-title":"Differential effects of neonatal and adult androgen exposure on the growth hormone secretory pattern in male rats","volume":"120","author":"Jansson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-117-5-1881","article-title":"Imprinting of growth hormone secretion, body growth, and hepatic steroid metabolism by neonatal testosterone","volume":"117","author":"Jansson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E12","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00446.2016","article-title":"Gonad-related factors promote muscle performance gain during postnatal development in male and female mice","volume":"313","author":"Ueberschlag-Pitiot","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.582614","article-title":"Sex differences in the immune system become evident in the perinatal period in the four core genotypes mouse","volume":"12","author":"Ghosh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23751","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1915075117","article-title":"Perinatal androgens organize sex differences in mast cells and attenuate anaphylaxis severity into adulthood","volume":"117","author":"Mackey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"1688","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2015.0115","article-title":"Hypothalamic control of the male neonatal testosterone surge","volume":"371","author":"Clarkson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B: Biol. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0014","first-page":"127","article-title":"The neonatal testosterone surge: a comparative study","volume":"100","author":"Corbier","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch. Int. Physiol. Biochim. Biophys."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(88)90351-2","article-title":"Testosterone levels in plasma and testes of neonatal mice","volume":"31","author":"Motelica-Heino","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1359","article-title":"Increased activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis in infancy results in increased androgen action in premature boys","volume":"96","author":"Kuiri-Hanninen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F558","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.034017","article-title":"Testosterone measurements in early infancy","volume":"89","author":"Tomlinson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-42-4-679","article-title":"Pituitary-gonadal relations in infancy: 2. Patterns of serum gonadal steroid concentrations in man from birth to two years of age","volume":"42","author":"Winter","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0530377","article-title":"Changes in serum testosterone concentrations in the male pig during development","volume":"53","author":"Colenbrander","year":"1978","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1530\/acta.0.1280173","article-title":"Plasma levels of several androgens and estrogens from birth to puberty in male domestic pigs","volume":"128","author":"Schwarzenberger","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2024.107606","article-title":"Inhibition of testicular development by suppressing neonatal LH rise in male domestic pigs","volume":"270","author":"Park","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-015-0014-5","article-title":"Effect of testosterone deficiency on cholesterol metabolism in pigs fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet","volume":"14","author":"Cai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lipids. Health Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-10-0160","article-title":"Androgen-mediated down-regulation of CYP1A subfamily genes in the pig liver","volume":"207","author":"Kojima","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13132141","article-title":"Structural changes in the skeletal muscle of pigs after long-term administration of testosterone, nandrolone and a combination of the two","volume":"13","author":"Skoup\u00e1","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17122125","article-title":"Testosterone deficiency induces changes of the transcriptomes of visceral adipose tissue in miniature pigs fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1954.131171x","article-title":"The effect of testosterone and castration on the growth and carcass characteristics of swine","volume":"13","author":"Bratzler","year":"1954","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-188-42704","article-title":"Proliferation of skeletal muscle satellite cells after castration and administration of testosterone propionate","volume":"188","author":"Mulvaney","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0309-1740(85)90093-2","article-title":"Testosterone and the incidence of boar taint: effects of testosterone or testosterone propionate on the incidence of boar taint in implanted barrows","volume":"13","author":"Schanbacher","year":"1985","journal-title":"Meat Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1951.104889x","article-title":"Effects of stilbestrol and testosterone pellets implanted into growing-fattening pigs","volume":"10","author":"Woehling","year":"1951","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1914","article-title":"Detection of testosterone esters in blood","volume":"7","author":"Forsdahl","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Test. Anal."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-63-6-1361","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic properties of testosterone propionate in normal men","volume":"63","author":"Fujioka","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mex.2024.102549","article-title":"Fabrication of silastic testosterone enanthate implants to achieve virilizing levels of serum testosterone in swine","volume":"12","author":"Mahabir","year":"2024","journal-title":"MethodsX"}],"container-title":["MethodsX"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221501612600227X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221501612600227X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:21:55Z","timestamp":1791926515000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S221501612600227X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["S221501612600227X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009","relation":{},"ISSN":["2215-0161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2215-0161","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Development and characterization of silicone-based testosterone propionate implants for sustained androgen delivery in juvenile castrated male pigs","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"MethodsX","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mex.2026.104009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104009"}}