{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T02:08:25Z","timestamp":1791252505688,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]],"date-time":"2016-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470009600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,22]],"date-time":"2016-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1461283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.com.au","bmn.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Current Opinion in Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,28]],"date-time":"2016-04-28T05:28:33Z","timestamp":1461821313000},"page":"19-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The impact of Toxoplasma gondii on the mammalian genome"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Urs B","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan C","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.171.1.49","article-title":"Surprisingly uneven distribution of the T cell receptor V beta repertoire in wild mice","volume":"171","author":"Pullen","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_sbref0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-016-0235-8","article-title":"Integrated decoys and effector traps: how to catch a plant pathogen","volume":"14","author":"Ellis","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11423","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0601438103","article-title":"Globalization and the population structure of Toxoplasma gondii","volume":"103","author":"Lehmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.62.081307.162925","article-title":"Population structure of Toxoplasma gondii: clonal expansion driven by infrequent recombination and selective sweeps","volume":"62","author":"Sibley","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_sbref0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22551","DOI":"10.1038\/srep22551","article-title":"Prevalence, incidence estimations, and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Germany: a representative, cross-sectional, serological study","volume":"6","author":"Wilking","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1080\/09603120701540856","article-title":"The urban house mouse (Mus domesticus) as a reservoir of infection for the human parasite Toxoplasma gondii: an unrecognised public health issue?","volume":"18","author":"Murphy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Environ Health Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.05.030","article-title":"The role of rodents and shrews in the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii to pigs","volume":"156","author":"Kijlstra","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.09.001","article-title":"Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in brain tissue of feral rodents and insectivores caught on farms in the Netherlands","volume":"184","author":"Meerburg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2817.1","article-title":"A survey of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii infection in urban rodents from Brazil","volume":"98","author":"Muradian","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1645\/13-255.1","article-title":"A survey of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infecting house mice from a hybrid zone","volume":"100","author":"Hurkova-Hofmannova","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(92)90062-E","article-title":"The epidemiology of toxoplasmosis on Iowa swine farms with an emphasis on the roles of free-living mammals","volume":"42","author":"Smith","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-31.1.15","article-title":"Prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in wild mammals of Missouri and east central Kansas: biologic and ecologic considerations of transmission","volume":"31","author":"Smith","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-1342R.1","article-title":"Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in wild rodents from central coastal California and a review of T. gondii prevalence in rodents","volume":"94","author":"Dabritz","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182011000904","article-title":"Prevalence and co-infection of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in Apodemus sylvaticus in an area relatively free of cats","volume":"138","author":"Thomasson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182014001760","article-title":"Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in localized populations of Apodemus sylvaticus is linked to population genotype not to population location","volume":"142","author":"Bajnok","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013001522","article-title":"Species or local environment, what determines the infection of rodents by Toxoplasma gondii?","volume":"141","author":"Gotteland","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2012.12.003","article-title":"Combined action of nucleic acid-sensing Toll-like receptors and TLR11\/TLR12 heterodimers imparts resistance to Toxoplasma gondii in mice","volume":"13","author":"Andrade","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1109893","article-title":"TLR11 activation of dendritic cells by a protozoan profilin-like protein","volume":"308","author":"Yarovinsky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9577","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0502272102","article-title":"The evolution of vertebrate Toll-like receptors","volume":"102","author":"Roach","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R92","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2005-6-11-r92","article-title":"The interferon-inducible p47 (IRG) GTPases in vertebrates: loss of the cell autonomous resistance mechanism in the human lineage","volume":"6","author":"Bekpen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2011.07.002","article-title":"The IRG protein-based resistance mechanism in mice and its relation to virulence in Toxoplasma gondii","volume":"14","author":"Howard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.2.751","article-title":"Pathogen-specific loss of host resistance in mice lacking the IFN-gamma-inducible gene IGTP","volume":"97","author":"Taylor","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.2.181","article-title":"Inactivation of LRG-47 and IRG-47 reveals a family of interferon gamma-inducible genes with essential, pathogen-specific roles in resistance to infection","volume":"194","author":"Collazo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7729","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.11.7729","article-title":"Extensive characterization of IFN-induced GTPases mGBP1 to mGBP10 involved in host defense","volume":"179","author":"Degrandi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.06.009","article-title":"A cluster of interferon-gamma-inducible p65 GTPases plays a critical role in host defense against Toxoplasma gondii","volume":"37","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1205635110","article-title":"Murine guanylate binding protein 2 (mGBP2) controls Toxoplasma gondii replication","volume":"110","author":"Degrandi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003320","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003320","article-title":"Guanylate-binding protein 1 (Gbp1) contributes to cell-autonomous immunity against Toxoplasma gondii","volume":"9","author":"Selleck","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_sbref0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12579","article-title":"Human GBP1 does not localise to pathogen vacuoles but restricts Toxoplasma gondii","author":"Johnston","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3598","article-title":"Innate immunity to Toxoplasma gondii infection","volume":"14","author":"Yarovinsky","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00027-15","article-title":"Long-term relationships: the complicated interplay between the host and the developmental stages of Toxoplasma gondii during acute and chronic infections","volume":"79","author":"Pittman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microbiol Mol Biol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_sbref0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E5628","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1515966112","article-title":"Ubiquitin systems mark pathogen-containing vacuoles as targets for host defense by guanylate binding proteins","volume":"112","author":"Haldar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_sbref0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.09.005","article-title":"p62 plays a specific role in interferon-gamma-induced presentation of a toxoplasma vacuolar antigen","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_sbref0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01157-15","article-title":"a noncanonical autophagy pathway restricts Toxoplasma gondii growth in a strain-specific manner in IFN-gamma-activated human cells","volume":"6","author":"Selleck","year":"2015","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.3.908","article-title":"Interferon gamma blocks the growth of Toxoplasma gondii in human fibroblasts by inducing the host cells to degrade tryptophan","volume":"81","author":"Pfefferkorn","year":"1984","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002784","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002784","article-title":"The rhoptry proteins ROP18 and ROP5 mediate Toxoplasma gondii evasion of the murine, but not the human, interferon-gamma response","volume":"8","author":"Niedelman","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00898-10","article-title":"NALP1 influences susceptibility to human congenital toxoplasmosis, proinflammatory cytokine response, and fate of Toxoplasma gondii-infected monocytic cells","volume":"79","author":"Witola","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1159\/000362367","article-title":"Toxoplasma gondii-derived profilin triggers human toll-like receptor 5-dependent cytokine production","volume":"6","author":"Salazar Gonzalez","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Innate Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2011.03.009","article-title":"Innate responses to Toxoplasma gondii in mice and humans","volume":"27","author":"Pifer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_sbref0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.01.004","article-title":"Innate resistance against Toxoplasma gondii: an evolutionary tale of mice, cats, and men","volume":"15","author":"Gazzinelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1501558","article-title":"The IL-12 response of primary human dendritic cells and monocytes to Toxoplasma gondii is stimulated by phagocytosis of live parasites rather than host cell invasion","volume":"196","author":"Tosh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_sbref0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2014.05.032","article-title":"Naturally occurring Toll-like receptor 11 (TLR11) and Toll-like receptor 12 (TLR12) polymorphisms are not associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in wild wood mice","volume":"26","author":"Morger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01298","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.01298","article-title":"Reciprocal virulence and resistance polymorphism in the relationship between Toxoplasma gondii and the house mouse","volume":"2","author":"Lilue","year":"2013","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2858","article-title":"Modulation of innate immunity by Toxoplasma gondii virulence effectors","volume":"10","author":"Hunter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27849","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.567057","article-title":"The Toxoplasma pseudokinase ROP5 is an allosteric inhibitor of the immunity-related GTPases","volume":"289","author":"Reese","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_sbref0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1005434","article-title":"Rhoptry proteins ROP5 and ROP18 are major murine virulence factors in genetically divergent south american strains of Toxoplasma gondii","volume":"11","author":"Behnke","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14092","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0603338103","article-title":"The p47 GTPases Igtp and Irgb10 map to the Chlamydia trachomatis susceptibility locus Ctrq-3 and mediate cellular resistance in mice","volume":"103","author":"Bernstein-Hanley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.3.1814","article-title":"The p47 GTPases Iigp2 and Irgb10 regulate innate immunity and inflammation to murine Chlamydia psittaci infection","volume":"179","author":"Miyairi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1004449","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004449","article-title":"Identification of the microsporidian Encephalitozoon cuniculi as a new target of the IFNgamma-inducible IRG resistance system","volume":"10","author":"Ferreira-da-Silva Mda","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e88","DOI":"10.1086\/521246","article-title":"Fatal outbreak of human toxoplasmosis along the Maroni River: epidemiological, clinical, and parasitological aspects","volume":"45","author":"Demar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.847","article-title":"Subspecific origin and haplotype diversity in the laboratory mouse","volume":"43","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1629","article-title":"Immunodominant, protective response to the parasite Toxoplasma gondii requires antigen processing in the endoplasmic reticulum","volume":"9","author":"Blanchard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1086\/593019","article-title":"Parasite stage-specific recognition of endogenous Toxoplasma gondii-derived CD8+ T cell epitopes","volume":"198","author":"Frickel","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Current Opinion in Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1369527416300443?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1369527416300443?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,13]],"date-time":"2018-09-13T03:51:05Z","timestamp":1536810665000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1369527416300443"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["S1369527416300443"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1369-5274"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1369-5274","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The impact of Toxoplasma gondii on the mammalian genome","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Current Opinion in Microbiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mib.2016.04.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}