{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:45:04Z","timestamp":1791308704918,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]],"date-time":"2012-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343779200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]],"date-time":"2012-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343779200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4170,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["AI060584"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI060584"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["CA046592"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA046592"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbes and Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,24]],"date-time":"2012-02-24T14:34:25Z","timestamp":1330094065000},"page":"672-683","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["BK polyomavirus: emerging pathogen"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Shauna M.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole M.","family":"Broekema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Imperiale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(71)91776-4","article-title":"New human papovavirus (B.K.) isolated from urine after renal transplantation","volume":"1","author":"Gardner","year":"1971","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(71)91777-6","article-title":"Cultivation of papova-like virus from human brain with progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy","volume":"1","author":"Padgett","year":"1971","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-011-1008-x","article-title":"Taxonomical developments in the family polyomaviridae","volume":"156","author":"Johne","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1152586","article-title":"Clonal integration of a polyomavirus in human Merkel cell carcinoma","volume":"319","author":"Feng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001024","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001024","article-title":"Discovery of a new human polyomavirus associated with trichodysplasia spinulosa in an immunocompromized patient","volume":"6","author":"van der Meijden","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e64","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030064","article-title":"Identification of a novel polyomavirus from patients with acute respiratory tract infections","volume":"3","author":"Gaynor","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2010.05.006","article-title":"Merkel cell polyomavirus and two previously unknown polyomaviruses are chronically shed from human skin","volume":"7","author":"Schowalter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4586","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02602-10","article-title":"A novel human polyomavirus closely related to the African green monkey-derived lymphotropic polyomavirus","volume":"85","author":"Scuda","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4130","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00028-07","article-title":"Identification of a third human polyomavirus","volume":"81","author":"Allander","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib10","series-title":"Fields Virology","first-page":"2263","article-title":"Polyomaviruses","author":"Imperiale","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-32957-9_8","article-title":"Human polyomavirus JC and BK persistent infection","volume":"577","author":"Doerries","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.09.027","article-title":"The role of polyomaviruses in human disease","volume":"384","author":"Jiang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890410104","article-title":"Genomic typing of BK virus in clinical specimens by direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction products","volume":"41","author":"Jin","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890100203","article-title":"The role of BK virus in acute respiratory tract disease and the presence of BKV DNA in tonsils","volume":"10","author":"Goudsmit","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-32957-9_2","article-title":"Discovery and epidemiology of the human polyomaviruses BK virus (BKV) and JC virus (JCV)","volume":"577","author":"Knowles","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890080208","article-title":"The persistence of papovavirus BK DNA sequences in normal human renal tissue","volume":"8","author":"Heritage","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890410408","article-title":"BK virus infection of the human urinary tract","volume":"41","author":"Shinohara","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(200003)60:3<353::AID-JMV16>3.0.CO;2-R","article-title":"Identification of archetype and rearranged forms of BK virus in leukocytes from healthy individuals","volume":"60","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890280212","article-title":"Serological typing scheme for BK-like isolates of human polyomavirus","volume":"28","author":"Knowles","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.83611-0","article-title":"Distribution patterns of BK polyomavirus (BKV) subtypes and subgroups in American, European and Asian populations suggest co-migration of BKV and the human race","volume":"90","author":"Zhong","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8869","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00510-06","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis of polyomavirus BK sequences","volume":"80","author":"Sharma","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705886","article-title":"Polyomavirus BK infection in blood and marrow transplant recipients","volume":"41","author":"Dropulic","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(82)90633-1","article-title":"Prevention of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis","volume":"20","author":"Droller","year":"1982","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(79)90222-3","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide cystitis\u2013identification of acrolein as the causative agent","volume":"28","author":"Cox","year":"1979","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-12-4988","article-title":"BK DNA viral load in plasma: evidence for an association with hemorrhagic cystitis in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients","volume":"106","author":"Erard","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1086\/511863","article-title":"Relationship of pretransplantation polyoma BK virus serologic findings and BK viral reactivation after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"44","author":"Wong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2009.12.006","article-title":"Human polyoma viruses and disease with emphasis on clinical BK and JC","volume":"47","author":"Boothpur","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e318197c17d","article-title":"The decade of polyomavirus BK-associated nephropathy: state of affairs","volume":"87","author":"Ramos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib29","unstructured":"B. Suwelack, V. Malyar, M. Koch, M. Sester, C. Sommerer, The influence of immunosuppressive agents on BK virus risk following kidney transplantation, and implications for choice of regimen, Transplant. Rev. (Orlando) in press."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199903270-00022","article-title":"Polyomavirus disease under new immunosuppressive drugs: a cause of renal graft dysfunction and graft loss","volume":"67","author":"Binet","year":"1999","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200204150-00013","article-title":"DNA sequencing of viral capsid protein VP-1 region in patients with BK virus interstitial nephritis","volume":"73","author":"Randhawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V1051080","article-title":"Polyomavirus infection of renal allograft recipients: from latent infection to manifest disease","volume":"10","author":"Nickeleit","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020439","article-title":"Prospective study of polyomavirus type BK replication and nephropathy in renal-transplant recipients","volume":"347","author":"Hirsch","year":"2002","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000156165.83160.09","article-title":"Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy in renal transplantation: interdisciplinary analyses and recommendations","volume":"79","author":"Hirsch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2005.07.001","article-title":"Fatal BK polyoma viral pneumonia associated with immunosuppression","volume":"36","author":"Galan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1700849","article-title":"BK papova virus pneumonia following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"20","author":"Sandler","year":"1997","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200001000-00019","article-title":"BK virus infection in AIDS","volume":"24","author":"Cubukcu-Dimopulo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-2277.2006.00360.x","article-title":"Polyomavirus nephropathy in native kidneys and renal allografts: an update on an escalating threat","volume":"19","author":"Nickeleit","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transpl. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E38","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3046.2008.01127.x","article-title":"Native BK viral nephropathy in a pediatric heart transplant recipient","volume":"14","author":"Ali","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr. Transplant."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3046.2008.01122.x","article-title":"BK virus nephropathy in the native kidneys of a pediatric heart transplant recipient","volume":"14","author":"Sahney","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr. Transplant."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3046.2008.01069.x","article-title":"BK nephropathy in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients","volume":"13","author":"Verghese","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr. Transplant."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00141-7","article-title":"Characterization of self-assembled virus-like particles of human polyomavirus BK generated by recombinant baculoviruses","volume":"311","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.09.038","article-title":"Simian virus 40 depends on ER protein folding and quality control factors for entry into host cells","volume":"131","author":"Schelhaas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4414","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.64.9.4414-4420.1990","article-title":"Myristylated polyomavirus VP2: role in the life cycle of the virus","volume":"64","author":"Krauzewicz","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.19287-0","article-title":"The simian virus 40 minor structural protein Vp3, but not Vp2, is essential for infectious virion formation","volume":"84","author":"Gharakhanian","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3778","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02664-06","article-title":"Minor capsid proteins of simian virus 40 are dispensable for nucleocapsid assembly and cell entry but are required for nuclear entry of the viral genome","volume":"81","author":"Nakanishi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-68-3-879","article-title":"Inhibition of BK virus haemagglutination by gangliosides","volume":"68","author":"Sinibaldi","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2004.03.027","article-title":"BKV and SV40 infection of human kidney tubular epithelial cells in\u00a0vitro","volume":"323","author":"Low","year":"2004","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.80.3.1361-1366.2006","article-title":"Identification of gangliosides GD1b and GT1b as receptors for BK virus","volume":"80","author":"Low","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1600-6135.2003.00237.x","article-title":"BK polyoma virus allograft nephropathy: ultrastructural features from viral cell entry to lysis","volume":"3","author":"Drachenberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Transplant."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-27-1-71","article-title":"Ultrastructural aspects of BK virus uptake and replication in human fibroblasts","volume":"27","author":"Maraldi","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2006.00153.x","article-title":"Update on BK virus entry and intracellular trafficking","volume":"8","author":"Dugan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transpl. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.5.2288-2292.2000","article-title":"JC virus enters human glial cells by clathrin-dependent receptor-mediated endocytosis","volume":"74","author":"Pho","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3831","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.070102","article-title":"Caveolae at a glance","volume":"123","author":"Bastiani","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8552","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00924-07","article-title":"Caveolar endocytosis is critical for BK virus infection of human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells","volume":"81","author":"Moriyama","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11583","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.21.11583-11590.2004","article-title":"Infection of vero cells by BK virus is dependent on caveolae","volume":"78","author":"Eash","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.112.9.1303","article-title":"Inhibition of clathrin-coated pit assembly by an Eps15 mutant","volume":"112","author":"Benmerah","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02169-08","article-title":"Early events during BK virus entry and disassembly","volume":"83","author":"Jiang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4198","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02179-10","article-title":"Role of endosomes in simian virus 40 entry and infection","volume":"85","author":"Engel","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9402","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01086-06","article-title":"Invasion of host cells by JC virus identifies a novel role for caveolae in endosomal sorting of noncaveolar ligands","volume":"80","author":"Querbes","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib61","first-page":"177","article-title":"Cellular entry of polyomaviruses","volume":"343","author":"Tsai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11734","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.18.11734-11741.2005","article-title":"Involvement of cytoskeletal components in BK virus infectious entry","volume":"79","author":"Eash","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2007.09.030","article-title":"Intracellular trafficking pathway of BK virus in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells","volume":"371","author":"Moriyama","year":"2008","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2386","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01855-10","article-title":"A PDI family network acts distinctly and coordinately with ERp29 to facilitate polyomavirus infection","volume":"85","author":"Walczak","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2005.08.034","article-title":"ERp29 triggers a conformational change in polyomavirus to stimulate membrane binding","volume":"20","author":"Magnuson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Cell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8739","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00791-06","article-title":"Murine polyomavirus requires the endoplasmic reticulum protein derlin-2 to initiate infection","volume":"80","author":"Lilley","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1209235","article-title":"Road to ruin: targeting proteins for degradation in the endoplasmic reticulum","volume":"334","author":"Smith","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002037","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002037","article-title":"A large and intact viral particle penetrates the endoplasmic reticulum membrane to reach the cytosol","volume":"7","author":"Inoue","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00101","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00101-11","article-title":"BiP and multiple DNAJ molecular chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum are required for efficient simian virus 40 infection","volume":"2","author":"Goodwin","year":"2011","journal-title":"MBio."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2339","article-title":"BAP31 and BiP are essential for dislocation of SV40 from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol","volume":"13","author":"Geiger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1230","article-title":"The nuclear pore complex: nucleocytoplasmic transport and beyond","volume":"4","author":"Fahrenkrog","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.01-06-0308","article-title":"Nuclear pore complex is able to transport macromolecules with diameters of about 39\u00a0nm","volume":"13","author":"Pante","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2006.10.001","article-title":"Molecular dissection of nuclear entry-competent SV40 during infection","volume":"124","author":"Nakanishi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9368","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.18.9368-9377.2002","article-title":"Interaction of the Vp3 nuclear localization signal with the importin alpha 2\/beta heterodimer directs nuclear entry of infecting simian virus 40","volume":"76","author":"Nakanishi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib75","series-title":"Polyomaviruses and Human Disease","first-page":"85","article-title":"Molecular genetics of the BK virus","author":"Cubitt","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2378","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.70.4.2378-2386.1996","article-title":"BK virus large T antigen: interactions with the retinoblastoma family of tumor suppressor proteins and effects on cellular growth control","volume":"70","author":"Harris","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5277","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1209621","article-title":"Retinoblastoma family proteins as key targets of the small DNA virus oncoproteins","volume":"25","author":"Felsani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.18.3.1746","article-title":"Novel mechanisms of E2F induction by BK virus large T antigen: requirement of both the pRb binding and J domains","volume":"18","author":"Harris","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib79","first-page":"1988","article-title":"Control of protein phosphatase 2A by simian virus 40 small-t antigen","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.3.5.836","article-title":"Cellular targets of the SV40 small-t antigen in human cell transformation","volume":"3","author":"Skoczylas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3979","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.66.7.3979-3985.1992","article-title":"Common and unique features of T antigens encoded by the polyomavirus group","volume":"66","author":"Pipas","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.009159-0","article-title":"A truncated T antigen expressed from an alternatively spliced BK virus early mRNA","volume":"90","author":"Abend","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5192","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1206550","article-title":"Oncogenic transformation by BK virus and association with human tumors","volume":"22","author":"Tognon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.11.038","article-title":"SV40 DNA replication: from the A gene to a nanomachine","volume":"384","author":"Fanning","year":"2009","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2011.10.026","article-title":"Efficient propagation of archetype BK and JC polyomaviruses","volume":"422","author":"Broekema","year":"2012","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2010.08.032","article-title":"A system for the analysis of BKV non-coding control regions: application to clinical isolates from an HIV\/AIDS patient","volume":"407","author":"Broekema","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21605","article-title":"Functional analysis of polyomavirus BK non-coding control region quasispecies from kidney transplant recipients","volume":"81","author":"Olsen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.06.032","article-title":"SV40 vectors carrying minimal sequence of viral origin with exchangeable capsids","volume":"379","author":"Nakanishi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00281","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00281-11","article-title":"Functional reorganization of0 promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies during BK virus infection","volume":"2","author":"Jiang","year":"2011","journal-title":"MBio."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2011.59","article-title":"BK polyomavirus infection and nephropathy: the virus-immune system interplay","volume":"7","author":"Babel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31125","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M805902200","article-title":"Human alpha-defensins inhibit BK virus infection by aggregating virions and blocking binding to host cells","volume":"283","author":"Dugan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01571-06","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of gamma interferon on BK virus gene expression and replication","volume":"81","author":"Abend","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2009.10.047","article-title":"Global effects of BKV infection on gene expression in human primary kidney epithelial cells","volume":"397","author":"Abend","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9823","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01144-08","article-title":"Evolutionarily conserved function of a viral microRNA","volume":"82","author":"Seo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2011.01.008","article-title":"An identical miRNA of the human JC and BK polyoma viruses targets the stress-induced ligand ULBP3 to escape immune elimination","volume":"9","author":"Bauman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3495","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.80.7.3495-3505.2006","article-title":"Interplay of cellular and humoral immune responses against BK virus in kidney transplant recipients with polyomavirus nephropathy","volume":"80","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2010.178","article-title":"Update on new antivirals under development for the treatment of double-stranded DNA virus infections","volume":"88","author":"Dropulic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib98","first-page":"30","article-title":"FDA approves cidofovir for treatment of CMV retinitis. Food and Drug Administration","volume":"2","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Int. Assoc. Physicians AIDS Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705678","article-title":"Low-dose cidofovir treatment of BK virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplant","volume":"39","author":"Savona","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1654(199709)7:3<145::AID-RMV196>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Clinical uses of cidofovir","volume":"7","author":"Safrin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Rev. Med. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4714","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00974-10","article-title":"1-O-hexadecyloxypropyl cidofovir (CMX001) effectively inhibits polyomavirus BK replication in primary human renal tubular epithelial cells","volume":"54","author":"Rinaldo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000149338.97084.5F","article-title":"Effect of leflunomide and cidofovir on replication of BK virus in an in\u00a0vitro culture system","volume":"79","author":"Farasati","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2150","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01737-09","article-title":"Leflunomide inhibition of BK virus replication in renal tubular epithelial cells","volume":"84","author":"Bernhoff","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000181149.76113.50","article-title":"Treatment of renal allograft polyoma BK virus infection with leflunomide","volume":"81","author":"Josephson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3181f2c94b","article-title":"Assessment of efficacy and safety of FK778 in comparison with standard care in renal transplant recipients with untreated BK nephropathy","volume":"90","author":"Guasch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-3542(88)90004-6","article-title":"Suppression of BK virus replication and cytopathic effect by inhibitors of prokaryotic DNA gyrase","volume":"9","author":"Portolani","year":"1988","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/135965350701200104","article-title":"Inhibition of simian virus 40 large T antigen helicase activity by fluoroquinolones","volume":"12","author":"Ali","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antivir. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.08261109","article-title":"Evaluation of fluoroquinolones for the prevention of BK viremia after renal transplantation","volume":"5","author":"Gabardi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1086\/427291","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin decreased polyoma BK virus load in patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"40","author":"Leung","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2011.00649.x","article-title":"Mammalian target of rapamycin signal inhibitors could play a role in the treatment of BK polyomavirus nephritis in renal allograft recipients","volume":"13","author":"Sanchez Fructuoso","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transpl. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08155","article-title":"mTOR regulates memory CD8 T-cell differentiation","volume":"460","author":"Araki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1086\/324425","article-title":"Prospective monitoring of BK virus load after discontinuing sirolimus treatment in a renal transplant patient with BK virus nephropathy","volume":"184","author":"Hirsch","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3046.2011.01477.x","article-title":"Five-year experience using sirolimus-based, calcineurin inhibitor-free immunosuppression in pediatric renal transplantation","volume":"15","author":"Hymes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr. Transplant."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2010.00512.x","article-title":"Increased viral load after intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for BK virus-associated nephropathy","volume":"12","author":"Maggiore","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transpl. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2008.06.009","article-title":"BK virus antibody titers and intensity of infections after renal transplantation","volume":"43","author":"Bohl","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2005.01000.x","article-title":"Donor origin of BK virus in renal transplantation and role of HLA C7 in susceptibility to sustained BK viremia","volume":"5","author":"Bohl","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Transplant."}],"container-title":["Microbes and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1286457912000457?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1286457912000457?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T14:30:44Z","timestamp":1761143444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1286457912000457"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"references-count":116,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1286457912000457"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1286-4579"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1286-4579","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"BK polyomavirus: emerging pathogen","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Microbes and Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.02.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 Institut Pasteur. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}