{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:07:59Z","timestamp":1790356079432,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004597","name":"University of Kalyani","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004597","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001501","name":"University Grants Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001501","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Pathogenesis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,9]],"date-time":"2019-10-09T11:24:10Z","timestamp":1570620250000},"page":"103790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Reserpine attenuates biofilm formation and virulence of Staphylococcus aureus"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Debaprasad","family":"Parai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malabika","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pia","family":"Dey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samir Kumar","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.2.167-193.2002","article-title":"Biofilms: survival mechanisms of clinically relevant microorganisms","volume":"15","author":"Donlan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2002.02827.x","article-title":"Staphylococcus and biofilms","volume":"43","author":"G\u00f6tz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00134-14","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management","volume":"28","author":"Tong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro821","article-title":"Bacterial biofilms: from the natural environment to infectious diseases","volume":"2","author":"Hall-Stoodley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2415","article-title":"The biofilm matrix","volume":"8","author":"Flemming","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1008","article-title":"Understanding biofilm resistance to antibacterial agents","volume":"2","author":"Davies","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-042711-140023","article-title":"Staphylococcal Infections: mechanisms of biofilm maturation and detachment as critical determinants of pathogenicity","volume":"64","author":"Otto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.2013.788692","article-title":"Anti-biofilm activities of quercetin and tannic acid against Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biofouling"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2888","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.9.2888-2896.2001","article-title":"Bap, a Staphylococcus aureus surface protein involved in biofilm formation","volume":"183","author":"Cucarella","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4665","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.14.4665-4684.2004","article-title":"Global gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus biofilms","volume":"186","author":"Beenken","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2392","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0510439103","article-title":"Structural and function analyses of the global regulatory protein SarA from Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"103","author":"Liu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3161","article-title":"Adhesion, invasion and evasion: the many functions of the surface proteins of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"12","author":"Foster","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29440","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.502039","article-title":"Secreted proteases control autolysin-mediated biofilm growth of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"288","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2590","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867322666150530210522","article-title":"Insights on antimicrobial resistance, biofilms and the use of phytochemicals as new antimicrobial agents","volume":"22","author":"Borges","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03912","article-title":"Aminoglycoside antibiotics induce bacterial biofilm formation","volume":"436","author":"Hoffman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00198-12","article-title":"Low levels of beta-lactam antibiotics induce extracellular DNA release and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"3","author":"Kaplan","year":"2012","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.12.4.564","article-title":"Plant products as antimicrobial agents","volume":"12","author":"Cowan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1039\/c2np20035j","article-title":"Plants as sources of new antimicrobials and resistance-modifying agents","volume":"29","author":"Abreu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1657","article-title":"The evolving role of natural products in drug discovery","volume":"4","author":"Koehn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4678","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00497-10","article-title":"Synergy testing by etest, microdilution checkerboard, and time-kill methods for pan-drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii","volume":"54","author":"Sopirala","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2014.0252","article-title":"Combinatorial activity of flavonoids with antibiotics against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"21","author":"Abreu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microb. Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.2016.1232402","article-title":"Combinatorial approaches with selected phytochemicals to increase antibiotic efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms","volume":"32","author":"Abreu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biofouling"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.2016.1148141","article-title":"A combination of ellagic acid and tetracycline inhibits biofilm formation and the associated virulence of Propionibacterium acnes in vitro and in vivo","volume":"32","author":"Sivasankar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biofouling"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.5b01055","article-title":"Natural products as sources of new drugs from 1981 to 2014","volume":"79","author":"Newman","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1039\/b821648g","article-title":"Understanding antimicrobial activities of phytochemicals against multidrug resistant bacteria and biofilms","volume":"26","author":"Sim\u00f5es","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2014.06.001","article-title":"Alkaloids: an overview of their antibacterial, antibiotic-enhancing and antivirulence activities","volume":"44","author":"Cushnie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4671","DOI":"10.1021\/cr050521a","article-title":"Reserpine: a challenge for total synthesis of natural products","volume":"105","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(55)92118-8","article-title":"Reserpine in the treatment of anxious and depressed patients","volume":"269","author":"Davies","year":"1955","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib29","first-page":"348","article-title":"Rauvolfia serpentina L. Benth. ex Kurz.: phytochemical, pharmacological and therapeutic aspects","volume":"23","author":"Kumari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1039\/b212695h","article-title":"Anti-staphylococcal plant natural products","volume":"21","author":"Gibbons","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib31","first-page":"2084","article-title":"Antimycobacterial and antioxidant activities of reserpine and its derivatives","volume":"26","author":"Begum","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1038\/ja.2015.101","article-title":"Antimycobacterial activity of five efflux pump inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates","volume":"69","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Antibiot. (Tokyo)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.2018.1437910","article-title":"Effect of reserpine on Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing mediated virulence factors and biofilm formation","volume":"34","author":"Parai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biofouling"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib34","series-title":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria that Grow Aerobically; Approved Standard \u2013 Ninth Edition","author":"CLSI","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2008.08.028","article-title":"Effects of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil on Staphylococcus aureus in biofilms and stationary growth phase","volume":"33","author":"Kwieci\u0144ski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2007.apm_630.x","article-title":"Quantification of biofilm in microtiter plates: overview of testing conditions and practical recommendations for assessment of biofilm production by staphylococci","volume":"115","author":"Stepanovi\u0107","year":"2007","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5804","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01296-12","article-title":"Activity of gallidermin on Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms","volume":"56","author":"Saising","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16384","DOI":"10.1021\/am504779t","article-title":"Biocompatible nanocarrier fortified with a dipyridinium-based amphiphile for eradication of biofilm","volume":"6","author":"Goswami","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.2015.1125888","article-title":"Streptomyces-derived actinomycin D inhibits biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus and its hemolytic activity","volume":"32","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biofouling"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1139\/cjm-2016-0365","article-title":"Effect of Bacoside A on growth and biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"63","author":"Parai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S162","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200900140","article-title":"Automated comparative protein structure modeling with SWISS-MODEL and Swiss- PdbViewer: a historical perspective","volume":"30","author":"Guex","year":"2009","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gki481","article-title":"PatchDock and SymmDock: servers for rigid and symmetric docking","volume":"33","author":"Schneidman-Duhovny","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.60.6.2211-2217.1992","article-title":"Tyrosine protein kinase inhibitors block invasin-promoted bacterial uptake by epithelial cells","volume":"60","author":"Rosenshine","year":"1992","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.6.556","article-title":"Activity and interactions of antibiotic and phytochemical combinations against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro","volume":"6","author":"Jayaraman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01092-10","article-title":"Identification of an extracellular polysaccharide network essential for cytochrome anchoring and biofilm formation in Geobacter sulfurreducens","volume":"193","author":"Rollefson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10035","DOI":"10.1021\/bi3011785","article-title":"Identification of a hydrophobic cleft in the LytTR domain of AgrA as a locus for small molecule interactions that inhibit DNA binding","volume":"51","author":"Leonard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1107\/S2052252517000367","article-title":"The mechanism behind the selection of two different cleavage sites in NAG-NAM polymers","volume":"4","author":"Miheli\u010d","year":"2017","journal-title":"IUCrJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076106","article-title":"Ginger extract inhibits biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053441","article-title":"Ellagic acid derivatives from Terminalia chebula Retz. downregulate the expression of quorum sensing genes to attenuate Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 virulence","volume":"8","author":"Sarabhai","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2016.12.003","article-title":"Phytochemicals for human disease: an update on plant-derived compounds antibacterial activity","volume":"196","author":"Barbieri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.07.016","article-title":"Antibiofilm activity of Vetiveria zizanioides root extract against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"110","author":"Kannappan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-017-1386-x","article-title":"The effectiveness of anti-biofilm and anti-virulence properties of dihydrocelastrol and dihydrocelastryl diacetate in fighting against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"199","author":"Woo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.6.1838-1850.2004","article-title":"Quorum sensing in Staphylococcus aureus biofilms","volume":"186","author":"Yarwood","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2876","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01530-14","article-title":"Influence of the AgrC-AgrA complex on the response time of Staphylococcus aureus quorum sensing","volume":"196","author":"Srivastava","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0903.2005.00976.x","article-title":"Antibiotics currently used in the treatment of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"35","author":"Rayner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Intern. Med. J."}],"container-title":["Microbial Pathogenesis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S088240101930909X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S088240101930909X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:22:43Z","timestamp":1760109763000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S088240101930909X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S088240101930909X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790","relation":{},"ISSN":["0882-4010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0882-4010","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Reserpine attenuates biofilm formation and virulence of Staphylococcus aureus","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Microbial Pathogenesis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103790","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103790"}}