{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:46:50Z","timestamp":1790639210937,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013142","name":"Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["221111111300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["221111111300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013142","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Pathogenesis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T17:06:14Z","timestamp":1717779974000},"page":"106712","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Antiviral activity and underlying mechanisms of baicalin against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in vitro"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"193","author":[{"given":"Weichen","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feifan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingfan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.13808","article-title":"Development of a Bead-Based Assay for Detection and Differentiation of Field Strains and four Vaccine Strains of Type 2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV-2) in the USA","volume":"68","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transbound. Emerg. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.227.385","article-title":"Assessment of the economic impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome on swine production in the United States","volume":"227","author":"Neumann","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879200400202","article-title":"Characterization of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332)","volume":"4","author":"Benfield","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagn. Invest."},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-75-3-681","article-title":"Identification of major differences in the nucleocapsid protein genes of a Qu\u00e9bec strain and European strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus","volume":"75","author":"Mardassi","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msi089","article-title":"The origin and evolution of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses","volume":"22","author":"Hanada","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.056341-0","article-title":"Arterivirus molecular biology and pathogenesis","volume":"94","author":"Snijder","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2007.07.032","article-title":"Emergence of a highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the Mid-Eastern region of China","volume":"174","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01313785","article-title":"Enhanced replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus in a homogeneous subpopulation of MA-104 cell line","volume":"133","author":"Kim","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1177\/030098589503200404","article-title":"Pathogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in gnotobiotic pigs","volume":"32","author":"Rossow","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2017.02.020","article-title":"Pathogenesis and control of the Chinese highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus","volume":"209","author":"Han","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2004.09.017","article-title":"Monoclonal antibody analysis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus epitopes associated with antibody-dependent enhancement and neutralization of virus infection","volume":"102","author":"Cancel-Tirado","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.82585-0","article-title":"Recombinant swine beta interferon protects swine alveolar macrophages and MARC-145 cells from infection with Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus","volume":"88","author":"Overend","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2011.04.017","article-title":"Antiviral activity of type I and type III interferons against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)","volume":"91","author":"Luo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2012.11.004","article-title":"Inhibition of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication by flavaspidic acid AB","volume":"97","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/v10110657","article-title":"Platycodin D suppresses type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in primary and established cell lines","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-018-0509-3","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability enhancement of baicalin: a review","volume":"44","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep35851","article-title":"Baicalin from Scutellaria baicalensis blocks respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and reduces inflammatory cell infiltration and lung injury in mice","volume":"6","author":"Shi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib18","first-page":"108","article-title":"[Antagonism of baicalin on cell cyclical distribution and cell apoptosis in A549 cells infected with influenza A (H1N1) virus]","volume":"27","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bing du xue bao = Chin. J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.15-0572","article-title":"Anti-NDV activity of baicalin from a traditional Chinese medicine in vitro","volume":"78","author":"Jia","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1097\/JCMA.0000000000000375","article-title":"Pharmacological development of the potential adjuvant therapeutic agents against coronavirus disease 2019","volume":"83","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Chin. Med. Assoc. : JCMA."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-017-0910-6","article-title":"The prevalent status and genetic diversity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China: a molecular epidemiological perspective","volume":"15","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2014.02.026","article-title":"The vOTU domain of highly-pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus displays a differential substrate preference","volume":"454\u2013455","author":"Deaton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1250186","article-title":"The role of traditional Chinese herbal medicines in cancer therapy--from TCM theory to mechanistic insights","volume":"76","author":"Hsiao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02978215","article-title":"Antiherpetic activities of flavonoids against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) in vitro","volume":"28","author":"Lyu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Pharm. Res. (Seoul)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2018.02.017","article-title":"Baicalin is an inhibitor of subgroup J avian leukosis virus infection","volume":"248","author":"Qian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-020-02595-x","article-title":"Antiviral effect of baicalin on Marek's disease virus in CEF cells","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.020503-0","article-title":"Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus entry into the porcine macrophage","volume":"91","author":"Van Breedam","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8207","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.15.8207-8215.2003","article-title":"Involvement of sialoadhesin in entry of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus into porcine alveolar macrophages","volume":"77","author":"Vanderheijden","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(96)05698-X","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines in animal health and disease","volume":"54","author":"Murtaugh","year":"1996","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.3390\/v4040424","article-title":"Interplay between interferon-mediated innate immunity and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus","volume":"4","author":"Sun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Viruses"}],"container-title":["Microbial Pathogenesis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0882401024001797?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0882401024001797?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]],"date-time":"2024-07-20T18:42:20Z","timestamp":1721500940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0882401024001797"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["S0882401024001797"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712","relation":{},"ISSN":["0882-4010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0882-4010","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Antiviral activity and underlying mechanisms of baicalin against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in vitro","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Microbial Pathogenesis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106712","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106712"}}