{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T19:45:49Z","timestamp":1780602349292,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006261","name":"Taif University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HC2024\/11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HC2024\/11"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006261","name":"Taif University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TURSP-HC2024\/11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TURSP-HC2024\/11"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Pathogenesis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T11:50:36Z","timestamp":1746273036000},"page":"107661","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Cardamom essential oil-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles: A sustainable antimicrobial strategy against multidrug-resistant foodborne pathogens"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"205","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1350-9685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mabrouk","family":"Sobhy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamer","family":"Elsamahy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esraa A.","family":"Abdelkarim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebtihal","family":"Khojah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiying","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6374-2165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-021-00867-7","article-title":"Challenges and potential solutions for nanosensors intended for use with foods","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib2","first-page":"1203","article-title":"Screening of food-borne Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli pathogens in artisanal white soft cheese in delta region, Egypt","volume":"13","author":"Alnakip","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Adv. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib3","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance: a growing serious threat for global public health","volume":"11","author":"Salam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthc. (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.5455\/javar.2022.i575","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant and enterotoxigenic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw milk of cows at small-scale production units","volume":"9","author":"Eid","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30040768","article-title":"Antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from retail fish","volume":"30","author":"Elabbasy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7971","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-58349-4","article-title":"Biocontrol of multidrug resistant pathogens isolated from fish farms using silver nanoparticles combined with hydrogen peroxide insight to its modulatory effect","volume":"14","author":"Saad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gfs.2023.100704","article-title":"A review of livestock development interventions' impacts on household welfare in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"38","author":"Collishaw","year":"2023","journal-title":"Global Food Secur."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36337-y","article-title":"Genomic diversity of non-diarrheagenic fecal Escherichia coli from children in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia and their relatedness to diarrheagenic E. coli","volume":"14","author":"Hazen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1002\/med4.6","article-title":"Global prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in food products and its relationship with the occurrence and development of diabetes mellitus","volume":"1","author":"Liang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1086\/522186","article-title":"National trends in Staphylococcus aureus infection rates: impact on economic burden and mortality over a 6-year period (1998-2003)","volume":"45","author":"Noskin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.3390\/nano15050369","article-title":"Harnessing Stevia rebaudiana for zinc oxide nanoparticle green synthesis: a sustainable solution to combat multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens","volume":"15","author":"Elabbasy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2023.106250","article-title":"Isolation and pathogenicity evaluation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from common carp, Cyprinus carpio","volume":"182","author":"Xue","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.125596.2","article-title":"Characterization of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance pattern of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains in a tertiary care center","volume":"11","author":"Kumar M","year":"2022","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib14","first-page":"1766","article-title":"Whole-genome sequence analysis of antibiotic resistance, virulence, and plasmid dynamics in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from imported shrimp","volume":"13","author":"Sung","year":"2024","journal-title":"Foods (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14100671","article-title":"Influence of season and food type on bacterial and entero-toxigenic prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"14","author":"Bianchi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib16","first-page":"20","article-title":"A novel nanoemulsion based on clove and thyme essential oils: characterization, antibacterial, antibiofilm and anticancer activities, Electron","volume":"68","author":"Hashem","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib17","first-page":"182","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of selected essential oils against foodborne pathogens and their application in fresh Turkey sausages","volume":"12","author":"\u0160oji\u0107","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antibiot. (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2018.0319","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant bacteria and alternative methods to control them: an overview","volume":"25","author":"Vivas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microb. Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103580","article-title":"A comprehensive review of the antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral potential of essential oils and their chemical constituents against drug-resistant microbial pathogens","volume":"134","author":"Tariq","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib20","first-page":"1884","article-title":"Essential oils: a boon towards eco-friendly management of phytopathogenic fungi","volume":"8","author":"Sil","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Entomol. Zool. Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1007\/s11101-021-09776-y","article-title":"Application of essential oils as preservatives in food systems: challenges and future prospectives \u2013 a review","volume":"21","author":"Al-Maqtari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phytochem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaost.2019.03.001","article-title":"Role of essential oils in food safety: antimicrobial and antioxidant applications","volume":"2","author":"Bhavaniramya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Grain & Oil Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib23","series-title":"Fight. Multidrug Resist. With Herb. Extr. Essent. Oils Their Components","first-page":"69","article-title":"Chapter 4 - essential oils and extracts from medicinal plants of Nepal: combatting multidrug resistant microbes","author":"Bhattarai","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2025.e41643","article-title":"Impact of nanoemulsion of Ajwain-cardamom essential oils on Mortadella sausage quality during chilling (4\u00b0C) storage","volume":"11","author":"Taherzadeh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2025.105937","article-title":"Essential oils as antibacterials against multidrug-resistant foodborne pathogens: mechanisms, recent advances, and legal considerations","volume":"64","author":"Sobhy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eujim.2024.102366","article-title":"Chemical characterization of Thymus zygis L. (thyme) and Elettaria cardamomum L. (cardamom) essential oils and investigation of their inhibitory potentials against cervicovaginal Escherichia coli isolates","volume":"68","author":"Sahal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Integr. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.620227","article-title":"Anti-biofilm potential of elletaria cardamomum essential oil against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium JSG 1748","volume":"12","author":"Abdullah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2020.109057","article-title":"Inhibition mechanism of cardamom essential oil on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm","volume":"122","author":"Cui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lebensm. Wiss. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2023.106375","article-title":"Exploring the potential of 1,8-cineole from cardamom oil against food-borne pathogens: antibacterial mechanisms and its application in meat preservation","volume":"184","author":"Sobhy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26040912","article-title":"Multimetallic nanoparticles as alternative antimicrobial agents: challenges and perspectives","volume":"26","author":"Basavegowda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-022-01477-8","article-title":"Nanoparticle classification, physicochemical properties, characterization, and applications: a comprehensive review for biologists","volume":"20","author":"Joudeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2658","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-06657-y","article-title":"Antibacterial action and target mechanisms of zinc oxide nanoparticles against bacterial pathogens","volume":"12","author":"Mendes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2020.104164","article-title":"Molecular characterization of virulence and drug resistance genes-producing Escherichia coli isolated from chicken meat: metal oxide nanoparticles as novel antibacterial agents","volume":"143","author":"Ali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.5530\/ijpi.14.4.114","article-title":"Antimicrobial efficacy of metal-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles: a comprehensive review","volume":"14","author":"Sheikh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1080\/14686996.2021.1978801","article-title":"Current approaches for the exploration of antimicrobial activities of nanoparticles","volume":"22","author":"Rosli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1007\/s10876-024-02733-7","article-title":"Biogenic nano zinc oxide particle production and their antimicrobial potentials: a review","volume":"36","author":"Ravi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clust. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2020.1737709","article-title":"ZnO nanostructures in active antibacterial food packaging: preparation methods, antimicrobial mechanisms, safety issues, future prospects, and challenges","volume":"38","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2019.05.115","article-title":"ZnO and ZnO\/CaO nanoparticles in alginate films. Synthesis, mechanical characterization, barrier properties and release kinetics","volume":"112","author":"Aristizabal-Gil","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lebensm. Wiss. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1007\/s11694-021-01217-w","article-title":"Synergistic effect of nano-ZnO and Mentha piperita essential oil on the moisture sorption isotherm, antibacterial activity, physicochemical, mechanical, and barrier properties of gelatin film","volume":"16","author":"Javidi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Food Meas. Char."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s42269-023-01036-7","article-title":"Superbugs: a constraint to achieving the sustainable development goals","volume":"47","author":"Mohsin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bull. Natl. Res. Cent."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1080\/03670244.2025.2472515","article-title":"Food systems, health, and wellbeing: understanding complex relationships and dynamics of change","volume":"64","author":"Agnesia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ecol. Food Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11061364","article-title":"Potential of essential oils in the control of Listeria monocytogenes","volume":"11","author":"Schneider","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.2174\/1573401319666230914140953","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of formulated Origanum and thyme essential oil nanoemulsions - a comparative study","volume":"20","author":"Al-Asmari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Nutr. Food Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2023.110117","article-title":"Exploring the potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles against pathogenic multi-drug resistance Staphylococcus aureus from ready-to-eat meat and its proposed mechanism","volume":"156","author":"Sobhy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0273079","article-title":"Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of the antifungal properties of tissue conditioner incorporated with essential oils-loaded chitosan nanoparticles","volume":"17","author":"Ashraf","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6559","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S144705","article-title":"Preparation of coffee oil-algae oil-based nanoemulsions and the study of their inhibition effect on UVA-induced skin damage in mice and melanoma cell growth","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3109\/10601330903571691","article-title":"Stability and self-nanoemulsification efficiency of ramipril nanoemulsion containing labrasol and plurol oleique","volume":"27","author":"Shafiq","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Res. Regul. Aff."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2015.07.139","article-title":"Superior antibacterial activity of nanoemulsion of Thymus daenensis essential oil against E. coli","volume":"194","author":"Moghimi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3329\/ajmbr.v4i1.36815","article-title":"Phytochemical screening and antifungal activity of Chromolaena odorata extracts against isolate of Phytophthora megakarya using agar-well diffusion method","volume":"4","author":"Adeyemi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asian J. Med. Biol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2018.07.021","article-title":"Antibacterial activity and mechanism of Chuzhou chrysanthemum essential oil","volume":"48","author":"Cui","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Funct.Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0838-9","article-title":"Time-kill curve analysis and pharmacodynamic modelling for in vitro evaluation of antimicrobials against Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"16","author":"Foerster","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1556\/1886.2024.00035","article-title":"Methods for screening and evaluation of antimicrobial activity: a review of protocols, advantages, and limitations","volume":"14","author":"Hossain","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Microbiol. Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2022.126980","article-title":"Antibacterial efficacies and time-kill kinetics of indigenous Ghanaian spice extracts against Listeria monocytogenes and some other food-borne pathogenic bacteria","volume":"258","author":"Xedzro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2019.111498","article-title":"Antibacterial mechanism of oregano essential oil","volume":"139","author":"Cui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2019.104751","article-title":"Inactivation mechanism of E. coli O157:H7 under ultrasonic sterilization","volume":"59","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2098","DOI":"10.1039\/D1FO03426J","article-title":"Green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots with antibacterial activity and their application in Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) storage","volume":"13","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2018.07.007","article-title":"Antimicrobial mechanism of clove oil on Listeria monocytogenes","volume":"94","author":"Cui","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2016.01.035","article-title":"Synergetic antibacterial efficacy of cold nitrogen plasma and clove oil against Escherichia coli O157:H7 biofilms on lettuce","volume":"66","author":"Cui","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib59","article-title":"Physiochemical characterization and anti-carbapenemase activity of chitosan nanoparticles loaded Aegle marmelos essential oil against K. pneumoniae through DNA fragmentation assay","volume":"23","author":"Rajivgandhi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surf. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcab.2025.103500","article-title":"Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of a newly green synthesized ZnO\/Se nanocomposite combined with Washingtonia robusta H. Wendl fruit extract","volume":"64","author":"Fayed","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4328","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28114328","article-title":"A simple method for synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles with ionic gelation and homogenization","volume":"28","author":"Van Bavel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2022.102655","article-title":"Targeted delivery and controlled released of essential oils using nanoencapsulation: a review","volume":"303","author":"Weisany","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep22260","article-title":"Chitosan nanoparticles synthesis caught in action using microdroplet reactions","volume":"6","author":"Kamat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8363","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.7b02938","article-title":"Morphology and characteristics of starch nanoparticles self-assembled via a rapid ultrasonication method for peppermint oil encapsulation","volume":"65","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1007\/s11694-020-00738-0","article-title":"Characterization, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with nettle essential oil","volume":"15","author":"Bagheri","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Food Meas. Char."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib66","first-page":"327","article-title":"Anti-microbial potential of nano-emulsion form of essential oil obtained from aerial parts of Origanum vulgare L. As food additive","volume":"11","author":"Enayatifard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Pharmaceut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2470","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15102470","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles loaded with essential oils","volume":"15","author":"Motelica","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2018.12.078","article-title":"Antibacterial activity and mechanism of Litsea cubeba essential oil against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)","volume":"130","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib69","first-page":"1","article-title":"Breaking down the cell wall: still an attractive antibacterial strategy","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2023.102770","article-title":"Antibacterial properties of citral against Staphylococcus aureus: from membrane damage to metabolic inhibition","volume":"53","author":"Dai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2022.113449","article-title":"Insight into the antibacterial activity of lauric arginate against Escherichia coli O157:H7: membrane disruption and oxidative stress","volume":"162","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lebensm. Wiss. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-57333-7","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of selenium nanoparticles-lysozyme nanohybrid system with synergistic antibacterial properties","volume":"10","author":"Vahdati","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2020.151435","article-title":"Exploring the antibacterial mechanism of essential oils by membrane permeability, apoptosis and biofilm formation combination with proteomics analysis against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus","volume":"310","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s12275-023-00024-w","article-title":"Membrane proteins as a regulator for antibiotic persistence in gram-negative bacteria","volume":"61","author":"Yee","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7335","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25137335","article-title":"The antimicrobial activity of human defensins at physiological non-permeabilizing concentrations is caused by the inhibition of the plasma membrane H(+)-ATPases","volume":"25","author":"Andr\u00e9s","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.01217","article-title":"The dynamic ATP-driven mechanism of bacterial protein translocation and the critical role of phospholipids","volume":"10","author":"Collinson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib77","first-page":"353","article-title":"Recent advances with alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes and their inhibitors","author":"Zaher","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm. (Weinheim)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1002\/bmb.21745","article-title":"The real reason why ATP hydrolysis is spontaneous at pH > 7: it's (mostly) the proton concentration","volume":"51","author":"Silverstein","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biochem. Mol. Biol. Educ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib79","series-title":"From Stardust to First Cells","first-page":"67","article-title":"Bioenergetics and primitive metabolism","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21219","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0907586106","article-title":"Subcellular localization of marine bacterial alkaline phosphatases","volume":"106","author":"Luo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5185","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b05704","article-title":"Detection of bacterial alkaline phosphatase activity by enzymatic in situ self-assembly of the AIEgen-peptide conjugate","volume":"92","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12390","article-title":"Antimicrobial effectiveness of grape seed extract against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm: a Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy analysis","volume":"46","author":"Fiallos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aust. Endod. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib83","article-title":"Retracted: antibacterial activity and mechanism of Tetrapleura tetraptera stem extract against Salmonella strains and its application in raw chicken meat","volume":"45","author":"Agyemang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Food Process. Preserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e39394","article-title":"Insights into antibacterial design: computational modeling of eugenol derivatives targeting DNA gyrase","volume":"10","author":"Elsewedy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6789","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr275","article-title":"Characterization of DNA with an 8-oxoguanine modification","volume":"39","author":"Singh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.12944\/CRNFSJ.5.3.20","article-title":"Low alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in adult population an indicator of zinc (Zn) and magnesium (Mg) deficiency","volume":"5","author":"Sundar Ray","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Nutr. Food Sci. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib87","article-title":"Mitochondrial electron transport chain, ROS generation and uncoupling","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22071191","article-title":"Cardamom, cumin, and dill weed essential oils: chemical compositions, antimicrobial activities, and mechanisms of action against Campylobacter spp","volume":"22","author":"Mutlu-Ingok","year":"2017","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/bjbs.2023.11387","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance (AMR)","volume":"80","author":"Tang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib90","article-title":"Agrivoltaics as an SDG enabler: trade-offs and co-benefits for food security, energy generation and emissions mitigation","volume":"19","author":"Pandey","year":"2025","journal-title":"Resour. Environ. Sustain."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11947-025-03770-4","article-title":"Chitosan edible coatings loaded with bioactive components for fruits and vegetables: a step toward sustainable development goals","author":"Sapna","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Bioprocess Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8223","DOI":"10.3390\/su16188223","article-title":"Innovative and sustainable food preservation techniques: enhancing food quality, safety, and environmental sustainability","volume":"16","author":"Lisboa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib93","first-page":"3308","article-title":"Edible coatings and future trends in active food packaging-fruits\u2019 and traditional sausages' shelf life increasing","volume":"12","author":"Nunes","year":"2023","journal-title":"Foods (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ese.2023.100254","article-title":"Bioplastic production in terms of life cycle assessment: a state-of-the-art review","volume":"15","author":"Ali","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Ecotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2016.11.012","article-title":"Nanotechnology to the rescue: using nano-enabled approaches in microbiological food safety and quality","volume":"44","author":"Eleftheriadou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2916","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12162916","article-title":"Plant essential oils as biopesticides: applications, mechanisms, innovations, and constraints","volume":"12","author":"Gupta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9101365","article-title":"Impact of bulk ZnO, ZnO nanoparticles and dissolved Zn on early growth stages of barley\u2014a pot experiment","volume":"9","author":"Nem\u010dek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib98","first-page":"1","article-title":"Insight into the recent advances in the development of antimicrobial edible films for food packaging","author":"Mehmood","year":"2025","journal-title":"Packag. Technol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1007\/s10499-025-01952-7","article-title":"Nanoparticle-driven aquaculture: transforming disease management and boosting sustainable fish farming practices","volume":"33","author":"Abdelkarim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aquac. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb13030157","article-title":"Antimicrobial, antiviral, and in-vitro cytotoxicity and mosquitocidal activities of Portulaca oleracea-based green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles","volume":"13","author":"Fouda","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Funct. Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s00449-024-03123-z","article-title":"Green synthesized ZnO and ZnO-based composites for wound healing applications","volume":"48","author":"Wafi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioprocess Biosyst. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661_bib102","first-page":"151","article-title":"Functionalization and performance of hybrid nanocellulose from plant-based\/metal oxide nanocomposites for sustainable energy applications","volume":"10","author":"Manimaran","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phys. Sci. Rev."}],"container-title":["Microbial Pathogenesis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0882401025003869?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0882401025003869?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T02:57:50Z","timestamp":1762311470000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0882401025003869"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":102,"alternative-id":["S0882401025003869"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661","relation":{},"ISSN":["0882-4010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0882-4010","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cardamom essential oil-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles: A sustainable antimicrobial strategy against multidrug-resistant foodborne pathogens","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Microbial Pathogenesis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107661","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107661"}}