{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T23:53:26Z","timestamp":1790121206443,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnolog\u00edas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["929459"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["929459"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnolog\u00edas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1194333"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1194333"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004685","name":"Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004685","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Pathogenesis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T11:37:37Z","timestamp":1747049857000},"page":"107697","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Increased expression of the PD-1\/PD-L1 regulatory axis in tissue leukocytes from experimental actinomycetoma by Nocardia brasiliensis in BALB\/c mice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"205","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9412-747X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Velia","family":"V\u00e1zquez-Marmolejo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana Ivonne","family":"Duarte-Mata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6515-6063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Luisa","family":"Ruiz-De La Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nallely","family":"L\u00f3pez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario C\u00e9sar","family":"Salinas-Carmona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5044-7810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Mej\u00eda-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011736","article-title":"Mycetoma and the environment","volume":"17","author":"Fahal","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2023.02.023","article-title":"Clinical characteristics, susceptibility profiles, and treatment of nocardiosis: a multicenter retrospective study in 2015-2021","volume":"130","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8070743","article-title":"Mycetoma: development of diagnosis and treatment","volume":"8","author":"Hao","year":"2022","journal-title":"JoF"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2428","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.5.2428-2432.1999","article-title":"Immune response to Nocardia brasiliensis antigens in an experimental model of actinomycetoma in BALB\/c mice","volume":"67","author":"Salinas-Carmona","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2006.05.011","article-title":"Mycetoma","volume":"25","author":"Welsh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2035","article-title":"T cell exhaustion","volume":"12","author":"Wherry","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2015.02.008","article-title":"Overcoming T cell exhaustion in infection and cancer","volume":"36","author":"Pauken","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.979116","article-title":"Tumor accomplice: T cell exhaustion induced by chronic inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Fang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2011.05.003","article-title":"Emerging Tim-3 functions in antimicrobial and tumor immunity","volume":"32","author":"Sakuishi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-042020-042741","article-title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of cancer: clinical impact and mechanisms of response and resistance","volume":"16","author":"Bagchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pathol. Mech. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib11","author":"Keir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib12","first-page":"1","article-title":"The PD-1\/PD-L1 (B7-H1) pathway in chronic infection-induced cytotoxic T lymphocyte exhaustion","volume":"2011","author":"Hofmeyer","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.06307-11","article-title":"Nocardia brasiliensis induces an immunosuppressive microenvironment that favors chronic infection in BALB\/c mice","volume":"80","author":"Rosas-Taraco","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4911","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.8.4911-4927.2003","article-title":"Viral persistence alters CD8 T-cell immunodominance and tissue distribution and results in distinct stages of functional impairment","volume":"77","author":"Wherry","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1679","article-title":"Coregulation of CD8+ T cell exhaustion by multiple inhibitory receptors during chronic viral infection","author":"Blackburn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6697","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0800997","article-title":"Chronic antigen stimulation alone is sufficient to drive CD8+ T cell exhaustion","volume":"182","author":"Bucks","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01995","article-title":"PD-1 expression on Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4 T cells is associated with bacterial load in human tuberculosis","volume":"9","author":"Day","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.108","article-title":"The diverse functions of the PD1 inhibitory pathway","volume":"18","author":"Sharpe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05115","article-title":"PD-1 expression on HIV-specific T cells is associated with T-cell exhaustion and disease progression","volume":"443","author":"Day","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1305394110","article-title":"Strength of PD-1 signaling differentially affects T-cell effector functions","volume":"110","author":"Wei","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-014-8524-1","article-title":"Regulation of T cell responses by the receptor molecule Tim-3","volume":"59","author":"Gorman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00961","article-title":"Functional expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (B7-H1) by immune cells and tumor cells","volume":"8","author":"Gibbons Johnson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36403-2","article-title":"PD-1\/PD-L1 pathway modulates macrophage susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific CD8+ T cell induced death","volume":"9","author":"Suarez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-021-01121-x","article-title":"The immunoregulatory landscape of human tuberculosis granulomas","volume":"23","author":"McCaffrey","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."}],"container-title":["Microbial Pathogenesis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S088240102500422X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S088240102500422X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T02:58:39Z","timestamp":1762311519000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S088240102500422X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["S088240102500422X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697","relation":{},"ISSN":["0882-4010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0882-4010","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Increased expression of the PD-1\/PD-L1 regulatory axis in tissue leukocytes from experimental actinomycetoma by Nocardia brasiliensis in BALB\/c mice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Microbial Pathogenesis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107697","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107697"}}