{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T20:44:29Z","timestamp":1791924269953,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016045","name":"University of Central Punjab","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANRF\/PAIR\/2025\/000029\/PAIR"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANRF\/PAIR\/2025\/000029\/PAIR"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016045","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Pathogenesis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T15:06:52Z","timestamp":1790867212000},"page":"108840","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A 25-year patent landscape of anti-biofilm strategies for respiratory tract infections: Trends, innovations, and emerging clinical opportunities"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"221","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Lalbiaktluangi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana G.","family":"Jop Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jawahar","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamla","family":"Kant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balachandar","family":"Vellingiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahalaxami","family":"Iyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prashant Kumar","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heera","family":"Ram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arun S.","family":"Kharat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge E.","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4703-8554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mukesh Kumar","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.41.100187.002251","article-title":"Bacterial biofilms in nature and disease","volume":"41","author":"Costerton","year":"1987","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12099","article-title":"The role of bacterial biofilms in chronic infections","volume":"121","author":"Bjarnsholt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Apmis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.4248\/IJOS11022","article-title":"The role of bacterial biofilm in persistent infections and control strategies","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib4","first-page":"683","article-title":"Biofilms and infections of the upper respiratory tract","volume":"14","author":"Pintucci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib5","first-page":"380","article-title":"Evidence of bacterial biofilms in nasal polyposis","volume":"20","author":"Zernotti","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Investig. Allergol. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2007.18","article-title":"Adherent biofilms in adenotonsillar diseases in children","volume":"134","author":"Al-Mazrou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1038\/35037627","article-title":"Quorum-sensing signals indicate that cystic fibrosis lungs are infected with bacterial biofilms","volume":"407","author":"Singh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215107008870","volume":"121","author":"Barakate","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Laryngol. Otol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215108002193","article-title":"Biofilms and their role in otorhinolaryngological disease","volume":"12","author":"Macassey","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Laryngol. Otol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-03092-1","article-title":"Biofilm formation on three different endotracheal tubes: a prospective clinical trial","volume":"24","author":"Thorarinsdottir","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.2478\/jccm-2018-0011","article-title":"Endotracheal tube biofilm and its impact on the pathogenesis of ventilator-associated pneumonia. J","volume":"4","author":"Diaconu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib12","article-title":"Diffusion retardation by binding of tobramycin in an alginate biofilm model","volume":"11","author":"Cao","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2865","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12155","article-title":"The extracellular matrix protects P seudomonas aeruginosa biofilms by limiting the penetration of tobramycin","volume":"15","author":"Tseng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1008","article-title":"Understanding biofilm resistance to antibacterial agents","volume":"2","author":"Davies","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01867-1","article-title":"Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance 1990\u20132021: a systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050","volume":"404","author":"Naghavi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1080\/07388551.2021.1874283","article-title":"A patent review of antibiofilm fungal drugs (2002-present)","volume":"41","author":"Serafini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.2165\/00063030-200317040-00002","article-title":"Cationic antimicrobial peptides: issues for potential clinical use","volume":"14","author":"Bradshaw","year":"2003","journal-title":"BioDrugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2016.12.005","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides as potential anti-biofilm agents against multidrug-resistant bacteria","volume":"50","author":"Chung","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11010104","article-title":"Crumbling the castle: targeting DNABII proteins for collapsing bacterial biofilms as a therapeutic approach to treat disease and combat antimicrobial resistance","volume":"11","author":"Rogers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6898","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1603007113","article-title":"Directed vaccination against pneumococcal disease","volume":"113","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1701797","article-title":"Comprehensive vaccine design for commensal disease progression","volume":"3","author":"Jones","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2271","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1992.72.6.2271","article-title":"Effect of Pseudomonas aeruginosa rhamnolipids on mucociliary transport and ciliary beating","volume":"72","author":"Read","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00726","article-title":"The resistance of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor strains to the typing phage 919TP, a member of K139 phage family","volume":"7","author":"Shen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.70080","article-title":"Engineered bacteria for disease diagnosis and treatment using synthetic biology","volume":"18","author":"Jin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microb. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202503523","article-title":"Living microbial drugs","author":"\u00d6z\u00e7elik","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chem. Eur J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-026-04871-0","article-title":"A review of phytochemicals targeting bacterial biofilm and quorum sensing pathways: molecular, microbiological, and mechanistic insights","volume":"208","author":"Srivastava","year":"2026","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S232982","article-title":"The battle of probiotics and their derivatives against biofilms","author":"Barzegari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-019-09628-4","article-title":"The evolution of human probiotics: challenges and prospects","volume":"12","author":"Trush","year":"2020","journal-title":"Probiotics Antimicrob. Proteins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1028086","article-title":"Nanotechnology in combating biofilm: a smart and promising therapeutic strategy","volume":"13","author":"Mohanta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1387114","article-title":"Targeting bacterial biofilm-related genes with nanoparticle-based strategies","volume":"15","author":"Afrasiabi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1086\/430352","article-title":"Inhibition of daptomycin by pulmonary surfactant: in vitro modeling and clinical impact","volume":"191","author":"Silverman","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.2.329","article-title":"Influence of pulmonary surfactant on in vitro bactericidal activities of amoxicillin, ceftazidime, and tobramycin","volume":"39","author":"Van't Veen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/rpm2.70059","article-title":"Responsive nitric oxide\u2010releasing antibacterial materials for biofilm\u2010associated infections: mechanisms, design strategies, and applications","author":"Sun","year":"2026","journal-title":"Responsive Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics14060555","article-title":"Multiple strategies for the application of medicinal plant-derived bioactive compounds in controlling microbial biofilm and virulence properties","volume":"14","author":"Mulat","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7645","DOI":"10.1039\/D5CC06617D","article-title":"Recent developments in antimicrobial polymers for biofilm inhibition","volume":"62","author":"Kropp","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."}],"container-title":["Microbial Pathogenesis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0882401026005668?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0882401026005668?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:45:31Z","timestamp":1791920731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0882401026005668"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S0882401026005668"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840","relation":{},"ISSN":["0882-4010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0882-4010","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A 25-year patent landscape of anti-biofilm strategies for respiratory tract infections: Trends, innovations, and emerging clinical opportunities","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Microbial Pathogenesis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micpath.2026.108840","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108840"}}