{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T23:04:28Z","timestamp":1778540668888,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501545600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiological Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,10]],"date-time":"2017-05-10T03:47:16Z","timestamp":1494388036000},"page":"63-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Panacea in progress: CRISPR and the future of its biological research introduction"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"201","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Carroll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13579","article-title":"Structural basis of PAM-dependent target DNA recognition by the Cas9 endonuclease","volume":"513","author":"Anders","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1021\/np8002673","article-title":"Antibacterial cannabinoids from cannabis sativa: a structure-activity study","volume":"71","author":"Appendino","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.13094","article-title":"CRISPR-based technologies and the future of food science","volume":"80","author":"Barrangou","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1138140","article-title":"CRISPR provides acquired resistance against viruses in prokaryotes","volume":"325","author":"Barrangou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1038\/340467a0","article-title":"High abundance of viruses found in aquatic environments","volume":"340","author":"Bergh","year":"1989","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.57.2.434-450.1993","article-title":"Biology of DNA restriction","volume":"57","author":"Bickle","year":"1993","journal-title":"Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7429","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt520","article-title":"Programmable repression and activation of bacterial gene expression using an engineered CRISPR-Cas system","volume":"41","author":"Bikard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2551","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.28048-0","article-title":"Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) have spacers of extrachromosomal origin","volume":"151","author":"Bolotin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E3892","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1600582113","article-title":"Versatile in vivo regulation of tumor phenotypes by dCas9-mediated transcriptional perturbation","volume":"113","author":"Braun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1159689","article-title":"Small CRISPR RNAs guide antiviral defense in prokaryotes","volume":"321","author":"Brouns","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165rv13","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3004404","article-title":"Hidden killers: human fungal infections","volume":"4","author":"Brown","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3489","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1742908","article-title":"Cas6 is an endoribonuclease that generates guide RNAs for invader defense in prokaryotes","volume":"22","author":"Carte","year":"2008","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(00)01792-3","article-title":"Bacterial type IV secretion: conjugation systems adapted to deliver effector molecules to host cells","volume":"8","author":"Christie","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3011","article-title":"Sequence-specific antimicrobials using efficiently delivered RNA-guided nucleases","volume":"32","author":"Citorik","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0075","unstructured":"d\u2019H\u00e9relle, F., (1938). Preparation of Therapeutic Bacteriophages, Appendix A from: Le Ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de la Gu\u00e9rison dans les maladies infectieuses Masson et Cie, Paris."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09886","article-title":"CRISPR RNA maturation by trans-encoded small RNA and host factor RNase III","volume":"471","author":"Deltcheva","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa6097","article-title":"Infectious disease: how to bolster the antifungal pipeline","volume":"347","author":"Denning","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01412-07","article-title":"Phage response to CRISPR-encoded resistance in streptococcus thermophilus","volume":"190","author":"Deveau","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2013.03.006","article-title":"Enhanced efficiency of human pluripotent stem cell genome editing through replacing TALENs with CRISPRs","volume":"12","author":"Ding","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02833","article-title":"Tropism switching in Bordetella bacteriophage defines a family of diversity-generating retroelements","volume":"431","author":"Doulatov","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00107-15","article-title":"Development of the CRISPR\/Cas9 system for targeted gene disruption in Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"11","author":"Fuller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eukaryot. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0110","first-page":"e928","article-title":"Programmable removal of bacterial strains by use of genome-targeting CRISPR-cas systems","volume":"5","author":"Gomaa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. Soc. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0115","series-title":"Antimicrobial Resistance: Tackling a Crisis for the Health and Wealth of Nations. Review on Antimicrobial Resistance, First Publication","author":"HM Government","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2746","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.6.2746-2753.2001","article-title":"Reduction in exopolysaccharide viscosity as an aid to bacteriophage penetration through Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms","volume":"67","author":"Hanlon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e63","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks1446","article-title":"Differential integrity of TALE nuclease genes following adenoviral and lentiviral vector gene transfer into human cells","volume":"41","author":"Holkers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.05.030","article-title":"Comparative analysis of CRISPR loci in lactic acid bacteria genomes","volume":"131","author":"Horvath","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5429","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.169.12.5429-5433.1987","article-title":"Nucleotide sequence of the iap gene, responsible for alkaline phosphatase isozyme conversion in Escherichia coli, and identification of the gene product","volume":"169","author":"Ishino","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2002.02839.x","article-title":"Identification of genes that are associated with DNA repeats in prokaryotes","volume":"43","author":"Jansen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2508","article-title":"RNA-guided editing of bacterial genomes using CRISPR-Cas systems","volume":"31","author":"Jiang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1225829","article-title":"A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity","volume":"337","author":"Jinek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.2019","article-title":"Structural basis for CRISPR RNA-guided DNA recognition by cascade","volume":"18","author":"Jore","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3742","article-title":"Engineering adeno-associated viruses for clinical gene therapy","volume":"15","author":"Kotterman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fob.2014.06.007","article-title":"Conditional targeting of Ispd using paired Cas9 nickase and a single DNA template in mice","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"FEBS Open Bio."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1067467","article-title":"Reverse transcriptase-mediated tropism switching in Bordetella bacteriophage","volume":"295","author":"Liu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/celldisc.2015.7","article-title":"Efficient genome editing in filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei using the CRISPR\/Cas9 system","volume":"1","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep05105","article-title":"Adenoviral vector delivery of RNA-guided CRISPR\/Cas9 nuclease complexes induces targeted mutagenesis in a diverse array of human cells","volume":"4","author":"Maggio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"6121","key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1232033","article-title":"RNA-guided human genome engineering via cas9","volume":"339","author":"Mali","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science (New York, N.Y.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1165771","article-title":"CRISPR interference limits horizontal gene transfer in staphylococci by targeting DNA","volume":"322","author":"Marraffini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s40694-015-0015-1","article-title":"Efficient gene editing in Neurospora crassa with CRISPR technology","volume":"20152","author":"Matsu-ura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fungal Biol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.01838.x","article-title":"Biological significance of a family of regularly spaced repeats in the genomes of Archaea, Bacteria and mitochondria","volume":"36","author":"Mojica","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol. Micrbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1007\/s00239-004-0046-3","article-title":"Intervening sequences of regularly spaced prokaryotic repeats derive from foreign genetic elements","volume":"60","author":"Mojica","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Mol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0210","first-page":"230","article-title":"Host-parasite interactions: recent developments in the genetics of abortive phage infections","volume":"3","author":"Molineux","year":"1991","journal-title":"New Biol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0133085","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133085","article-title":"A CRISPR-Cas9 system for genetic engineering of filamentous fungi","volume":"10","author":"N\u00f8dvig","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e131","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gku623","article-title":"CRISPR-Cas9-assisted recombineering in Lactobacillus reuteri","volume":"42","author":"Oh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.27437-0","article-title":"CRISPR elements in Yersinia pestis acquire new repeats by preferential uptake of bacteriophage DNA, and provide additional tools for evolutionary studies","volume":"151","author":"Pourcel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2012.03.020","article-title":"Mechanism for foreign DNA selection in a bacterial adaptive immune system","volume":"46","author":"Sashital","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1768","article-title":"Bacterial DNA repair by non-homologous end joining","volume":"5","author":"Shuman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2012.352","article-title":"In vitro reconstitution of Cascade-mediated CRISPR immunity in Streptococcus thermophilus","volume":"32","author":"Sinkunas","year":"2013","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12029","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201506030","article-title":"Self-assembled DNA nanoclews for the efficient delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 for genome editing","volume":"54","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1097(04)00041-2","article-title":"The interaction of phage and biofilms","volume":"232","author":"Sutherland","year":"2004","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7536","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.112047299","article-title":"Identification of 86 candidates for small non-messenger RNAs from the archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus","volume":"99","author":"Tang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S46974","article-title":"Update on oncolytic viral therapy \u2212targeting angiogenesis","volume":"6","author":"Tysome","year":"2013","journal-title":"OncoTargets Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003454","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1003454","article-title":"Cytotoxic chromosomal targeting by CRISPR\/Cas systems can reshape bacterial genomes and expel or remodel pathogenicity islands","volume":"9","author":"Vercoe","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1500248","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1500248","article-title":"A Candida albicans CRISPR system permits genetic engineering of essential genes and gene families","volume":"1","author":"Vyas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.257550.114","article-title":"Cas9 function and host genome sampling in Type II-A CRISPR-Cas adaptation","volume":"29","author":"Wei","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genes. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7267","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1500107112","article-title":"Temperate and lytic bacteriophages programmed to sensitize and kill antibiotic-resistant bacteria","volume":"112","author":"Yosef","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2015.12.007","article-title":"Highly efficient CRISPR mutagenesis by microhomology-mediated end joining in Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"86","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fungal Genet. Biol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.5732\/cjc.013.10177","article-title":"Targeted treatment of cancer with radiofrequency electromagnetic fields amplitude-modulated at tumor-specific frequencies","volume":"32","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin. J. Cancer"}],"container-title":["Microbiological Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944501317303099?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0944501317303099?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T01:13:24Z","timestamp":1719191604000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0944501317303099"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"references-count":58,"alternative-id":["S0944501317303099"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-5013"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-5013","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Panacea in progress: CRISPR and the future of its biological research introduction","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Microbiological Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier GmbH.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}