{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T21:02:26Z","timestamp":1790197346811,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001631","name":"University College Dublin","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001631","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Midwifery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T23:47:56Z","timestamp":1774396076000},"page":"104786","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A prospective case-control study of risk factors and perinatal outcomes associated with reduced fetal movements"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"157","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3354-2039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorraine","family":"Carroll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9915-0516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louise","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fionnuala","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2787-951X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gillian","family":"Canty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2249-6038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerie","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16104","article-title":"Mindfetalness to increase women\u2019s awareness of fetal movements and pregnancy outcomes: a cluster-randomised controlled trial including 39 865 women","volume":"127","author":"Akselsson","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJOG: Int. J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.13882_19","article-title":"Maternal perception of fetal movement quality and risk of late stillbirth","volume":"54","author":"Bradford","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Paediatr. Child Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13250","article-title":"Understanding the associations and significance of fetal movements in overweight or obese pregnant women: a systematic review","volume":"97","author":"Bradford","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0003","article-title":"Fetal movements: a framework for antenatal conversations","author":"Bradford","year":"2022","journal-title":"Women. Birth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0473-3-17","article-title":"Purposeful selection of variables in logistic regression","volume":"3","author":"Bursac","year":"2008","journal-title":"Source Code Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2019.09.028","article-title":"Risk factors for reduced fetal movements in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"243","author":"Carroll","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obs. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2022.103524","article-title":"Pregnancy, birth and neonatal outcomes associated with reduced fetal movements: a systematic review and meta-analysis of non-randomised studies","volume":"116","author":"Carroll","year":"2023","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0007","year":"2022","journal-title":"Safer Baby Bundle"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2011.07.002","article-title":"Cardiotocography as a predictor of fetal outcome in women presenting with reduced fetal movement","volume":"159","author":"Daly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obs. Gynecol. Reprod Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0009","series-title":"National maternity strategy \u2013 creating a better future together 2016-2026","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0010","series-title":"Path to universal healthcare: sl\u00e1intecare & programme for government","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0011","unstructured":"Draper, E., Gallimore, I., Smith, L., Matthews, R.A., Fenton, A., Kurinczuk, J.J., Smith, P., Manktelow, B., on behalf of the MBRRACE-UK collaboration, 2022. MBRRACE-UK perinatal mortality surveillance report, UK perinatal deaths for births from January to December 2020. https:\/\/www.npeu.ox.ac.uk\/assets\/downloads\/mbrrace-uk\/reports\/perinatal-surveillance-report-2020\/MBRRACE-UK_Perinatal_Surveillance_Report_2020__Tables_and_Figures.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duffy, K., Connolly, S., Nolan, A., Maitre, B., 2022. Unequal chances? Inequalities in mortality in Ireland. https:\/\/www.esri.ie\/system\/files\/publications\/RS145_3.pdf. (Accessed Research Series Number 145 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26504\/rs145.","DOI":"10.26504\/rs145"},{"issue":"9774","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62233-7","article-title":"Major risk factors for stillbirth in high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"377","author":"Flenady","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16944","article-title":"My Baby\u2019s movements: a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised controlled trial of a fetal movement awareness intervention to reduce stillbirths","volume":"129","author":"Flenady","year":"2022","journal-title":"BJOG: Int. J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"f108","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f108","article-title":"Maternal and fetal risk factors for stillbirth: population based study","volume":"346","author":"Gardosi","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckac001","article-title":"Clarity and consistency in stillbirth reporting in Europe: why is it so hard to get this right?","volume":"32","author":"Gissler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.12.607","article-title":"586 Decreased fetal movement and anterior placentation: a case control study","volume":"224","author":"Greenberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"10018","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00836-3","article-title":"Stillbirths: economic and psychosocial consequences","volume":"387","author":"Heazell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-017-1555-6","article-title":"Stillbirth is associated with perceived alterations in fetal activity - findings from an international case control study","volume":"17","author":"Heazell","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC. Pregnancy. ChildBirth"},{"issue":"10302","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01112-0","article-title":"Global, regional, and national estimates and trends in stillbirths from 2000 to 2019: a systematic assessment","volume":"398","author":"Hug","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0022","series-title":"IBM SPSS statistics for windows, version 24.0","year":"2016"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.14539","article-title":"Using FIGO nutrition checklist counselling in pregnancy: a review to support healthcare professionals","volume":"160","author":"Killeen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-020-05516-3","article-title":"Reduced fetal movements at term, low-risk pregnancies: is it associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes? Ten years of experience from a single tertiary center","volume":"301","author":"Levy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Gynecol. Obs."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13810","article-title":"Reduced fetal movements at term in singleton low risk pregnancies-Is there an association with placental histopathological findings?","volume":"99","author":"Levy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Obs. Gynecol. Scand."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-0964-2","article-title":"Perinatal outcomes of reduced fetal movements: a cohort study","volume":"16","author":"McCarthy","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC. Pregnancy. ChildBirth"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-1200-9","article-title":"Not just a normal mum\": a qualitative investigation of a support service for women who are pregnant subsequent to perinatal loss","volume":"17","author":"Meredith","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC. Pregnancy. ChildBirth"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-0891-2","article-title":"Marvellous to mediocre: findings of national survey of UK practice and provision of care in pregnancies after stillbirth or neonatal death","volume":"16","author":"Mills","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC. Pregnancy. ChildBirth"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-022-04925-3","article-title":"Better maternity care pathways in pregnancies after stillbirth or neonatal death: a feasibility study","volume":"22","author":"Mills","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC. Pregnancy. ChildBirth"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2020.10.016","article-title":"Trying to conceive: an interpretive phenomenological analysis of couples\u2019 experiences of pregnancy after stillbirth","volume":"34","author":"Murphy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Women. Birth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib47","series-title":"NPEC Maternal and fetal classification system: definitions","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2021.103060","article-title":"Providing woman-centred care in complex pregnancy situations","volume":"102","author":"Naughton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Midwifery."},{"issue":"10158","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31543-5","article-title":"Awareness of fetal movements and care package to reduce fetal mortality (AFFIRM): a stepped wedge, cluster-randomised trial","volume":"392","author":"Norman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12695","article-title":"The impact of stillbirth on consultant obstetrician gynaecologists: a qualitative study","volume":"121","author":"Nuzum","year":"2014","journal-title":"BJOG: Int. J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0034","author":"O'Farrell"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-050621","article-title":"Country of birth, educational level and other predictors of seeking care due to decreased fetal movements: an observational study in Sweden using data from a cluster-randomised controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Radestad","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0036","unstructured":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2014. The investigation and management of small-for-gestational-age fetus. London."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmwh.2008.03.001","article-title":"Low maternal awareness of fetal movement is associated with small for gestational age infants","volume":"53","author":"Saastad","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Midwifery. Womens Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0039","unstructured":"San Lazaro Campillo I., Manning E., Corcoran P., Keane J., McKernan J., Greene R.A., on behalf of the Perinatal Mortality National Clinical Audit Governance Committee. Perinatal Mortality National Clinical Audit in Ireland Annual Report 2022. Cork: National Perinatal Epidemiology Centre, 2024. https:\/\/www.ucc.ie\/en\/media\/research\/nationalperinatalepidemiologycentre\/PerinatalMortalityFormReport2022-3526AW.pdf."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.07.015","article-title":"Number of episodes of reduced fetal movement at term: association with adverse perinatal outcome","volume":"213","author":"Scala","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0041","series-title":"30th International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) Triennial Conference","article-title":"Decreased fetal movements (DFM) in pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study","author":"Smith","year":"2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/jmwh.13416","article-title":"Beyond medically complex pregnancy: a scoping review to understand how complexity in pregnancy is conceptualized","volume":"68","author":"Stoll","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Midwifery Women's Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2022.06.003","article-title":"Experiences and needs of women from ethnic minorities in maternity healthcare: a qualitative systematic review and meta-aggregation","volume":"36","author":"Toh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Women. Birth"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.5071","article-title":"Evaluation of pregnancy outcomes among women with decreased fetal movements","volume":"4","author":"Turner","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMa Netw. Open."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0250150","article-title":"Stillbirth rates, service outcomes and costs of implementing NHS England\u2019s Saving Babies\u2019 lives care bundle in maternity units in England: a cohort study","volume":"16","author":"Widdows","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS. One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786_bib48","series-title":"Every newborn: an action plan to end preventable deaths","year":"2014"}],"container-title":["Midwifery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0266613826000902?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0266613826000902?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T21:21:54Z","timestamp":1775683314000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0266613826000902"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S0266613826000902"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786","relation":{},"ISSN":["0266-6138"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0266-6138","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A prospective case-control study of risk factors and perinatal outcomes associated with reduced fetal movements","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Midwifery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104786","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104786"}}