{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:05:18Z","timestamp":1790787918093,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Midwifery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T23:19:06Z","timestamp":1790205546000},"page":"104996","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Low-intensity focused ultrasound to support early lactation after caesarean birth: a randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Manjiao","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baomei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuping","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4711-4995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.16611","article-title":"Overview of therapeutic ultrasound applications and safety considerations: 2024 update","volume":"44","author":"Bader","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Ultrasound. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/s13534-016-0007-y","article-title":"A review of low-intensity focused ultrasound for neuromodulation","volume":"7","author":"Baek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Eng. Lett."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2022.06.008","article-title":"Activation of mechanosensitive ion channels by ultrasound","volume":"48","author":"Chu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ultrasound. Med. Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1891\/J-PE-D-19-00033","article-title":"Hospital care practices associated with exclusive breastfeeding 3 and 6 months after discharge: A multisite study","volume":"29","author":"Crenshaw","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Perinat. Educ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334419838225","article-title":"Oxytocin, vasopressin and prolactin in new breastfeeding mothers: relationship to clinical characteristics and infant weight loss","volume":"36","author":"Erickson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hum. Lact."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.4045\/tidsskr.13.1145","article-title":"\"[VAS\u2013visual analog scale]\"","volume":"134","author":"Faiz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tidsskr Laegeforen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib31","first-page":"CD001141","article-title":"Support for healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term babies","volume":"10","author":"Gavine","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"T101","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-15-0213","article-title":"60 years of neuroendocrinology: the hypothalamo-prolactin axis","volume":"226","author":"Grattan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2022.0208","article-title":"Impact of postoperative pain on early initiation of breastfeeding and ambulation after cesarean section: a randomized trial","volume":"18","author":"Hooda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Breastfeed. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0008","article-title":"Risk factors and prognosis of acute lactation mastitis developing into a breast abscess: a retrospective longitudinal study in China","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS. One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mclachlan, Z., Milne, E.J., Lumley, J., Walker, B.L., 1991. Ultrasound treatment for breast engorgement: A randomised double blind trial. Aust. J. Physiother. 37 (1), 23\u201328.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60531-6"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0009","article-title":"Policy statement: breastfeeding and the use of human milk","volume":"150","author":"Meek","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1162","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-3040","article-title":"Breastfeeding and prolactin levels in lactating women with a family history of alcoholism","volume":"125","author":"Mennella","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334408316078","article-title":"Cesarean delivery as a barrier for breastfeeding initiation: The Puerto Rican experience","volume":"24","author":"Perez-Rios","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Hum. Lact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0010","article-title":"Low-intensity continuous ultrasound for the symptomatic treatment of upper shoulder and neck pain: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"131277-1287","author":"Petterson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Pain. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-015-0104-7","article-title":"The role of breast-feeding in infant immune system: A systems perspective on the intestinal microbiome","volume":"3","author":"Praveen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0011","article-title":"Evidence and case report in a portuguese hospital: is therapeutic ultrasound a viable solution in the treatment of mastitis?","volume":"16","author":"Roxo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2012.0018","article-title":"A comparison of early sucking dynamics during breastfeeding after cesarean section and vaginal birth","volume":"8","author":"Sakalidis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Breastfeed. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60742-X","article-title":"Therapeutic ultrasound in post-partum breast engorgement","volume":"27","author":"Shellshear","year":"1981","journal-title":"Aust. J. Physiother."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2010.0088","article-title":"What predicts intent to breastfeed exclusively? Breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs in a diverse urban population","volume":"6","author":"Stuebe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Breastfeed. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2012.3768","article-title":"Association between maternal mood and oxytocin response to breastfeeding","volume":"22","author":"Stuebe","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Womens Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Unar-Munguia, M., Torres-Mejia, G., Colchero, M.A., Gonzalez De Cosio, T., 2017. Breastfeeding mode and risk of breast cancer: A dose-response meta-analysis. J. Hum. Lact. 33 (2), 422\u2013434.","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334416683676"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0013","article-title":"Maternal plasma levels of oxytocin during breastfeeding-A systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Uvn\u00e4s-Moberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS. One"},{"issue":"10017","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01024-7","article-title":"Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect","volume":"387","author":"Victora","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib26","first-page":"730","article-title":"Low-frequency ultrasound promotes lactation in lactating rats","volume":"32","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. South. Med. Univ."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0014","first-page":"35","volume":"36","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eff. Narrat. Nurs. Comb. Six-Step Breast Massage Mothers' Lact. Post-Partal. Ment. State"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0015","first-page":"419","article-title":"An exploration of the breastfeeding behaviors of women after cesarean section: a qualitative study","volume":"7","author":"Wen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Nurs. Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0016","first-page":"50","article-title":"Effect of low-intensity focused ultrasound combined with auricular acupressure on lactation in postpartum women after cesarean section","volume":"38","author":"Yuan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Nurs. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib29","first-page":"CD006946","article-title":"Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation","volume":"9","author":"Zakarija-Grkovic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib20","first-page":"38","article-title":"Insight of the big data survey of Cesarean section situation in mainland China","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin. J. Pract. Gynecol. Obst."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2018.0150","article-title":"Early feeding behaviors and breastfeeding outcomes after cesarean section","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Breastfeed. Med."}],"container-title":["Midwifery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0266613826003001?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0266613826003001?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:51:34Z","timestamp":1790787094000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0266613826003001"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["S0266613826003001"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996","relation":{},"ISSN":["0266-6138"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0266-6138","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Low-intensity focused ultrasound to support early lactation after caesarean birth: a randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Midwifery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.midw.2026.104996","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104996"}}