{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T04:57:33Z","timestamp":1740113853588,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007397","name":"Univerzita Karlova v Praze","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SVV 260 152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SVV 260 152"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007397","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Grantov\u00e1 Agentura \u010cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["305\/12\/1248","P24"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["305\/12\/1248","P24"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,14]],"date-time":"2016-09-14T20:05:30Z","timestamp":1473883530000},"page":"31-38","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Characterization of telomeres and telomerase from the single-celled eukaryote Giardia intestinalis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"211","author":[{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Uzl\u00edkov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Fulne\u010dkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Weisz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"S\u00fdkorov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Noh\u00fdnkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pavla","family":"T\u016fmov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1359","article-title":"T-loops and the origin of telomeres","volume":"5","author":"de Lange","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0010","first-page":"2011","article-title":"an RNP enzyme synthesizes DNA","author":"Blackburn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harbor Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1038\/337331a0","article-title":"A telomeric sequence in the RNA of Tetrahymena telomerase required for telomere repeat synthesis","volume":"337","author":"Greider","year":"1989","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evt019","article-title":"A broad phylogenetic survey unveils the diversity and evolution of telomeres in eukaryotes","volume":"5","author":"Fulneckova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genome Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/s00412-010-0272-y","article-title":"Telomere maintenance in liquid crystalline chromosomes of dinoflagellates","volume":"119","author":"Fojtova","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chromosoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3616","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.7.3616","article-title":"Telomerase in kinetoplastid parasitic protozoa","volume":"96","author":"Cano","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(98)00111-X","article-title":"Stage specific detection and inhibition studies of Plasmodium falciparum telomerase","volume":"95","author":"Aldous","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(00)00207-9","article-title":"Putative telomerase catalytic subunits from Giardia lamblia and Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"251","author":"Malik","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2012.00188","article-title":"Evolution of the arabidopsis telomerase RNA","volume":"3","author":"Beilstein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14683","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0406204101","article-title":"An emerging consensus for telomerase RNA structure","volume":"101","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.67.3.360-375.2003","article-title":"Repetitive elements in genomes of parasitic protozoa","volume":"67","author":"Wickstead","year":"2003","journal-title":"Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00207-14","article-title":"DNA double-strand breaks and telomeres play important roles in trypanosoma brucei antigenic variation","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eukaryot. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182010001708","article-title":"Eukaryotic systematics: a user's guide for cell biologists and parasitologists","volume":"138","author":"Walker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"year":"2011","series-title":"Giardia a Model Organism Wien","author":"Luj\u00e1n","key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0070"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.95.3.353","article-title":"In situ analyses reveal that the two nuclei of Giardia lamblia are equivalent","volume":"95","author":"Kabnick","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s00412-006-0082-4","article-title":"Cytogenetic evidence for diversity of two nuclei within a single diplomonad cell of Giardia","volume":"116","author":"Tumova","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chromosoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.351","article-title":"Constitutive aneuploidy and genomic instability in the single-celled eukaryote Giardia intestinalis","author":"Tumova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbiol. Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0090","first-page":"3326","article-title":"Telomeric location of Giardia rDNA genes","volume":"11","author":"Adam","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5790","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/19.20.5790","article-title":"Analysis of a Giardia lamblia rRNA encoding telomere with [TAGGG]n as the telomere repeat","volume":"19","author":"Le Blancq","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s00412-014-0486-5","article-title":"Structural organization of very small chromosomes: study on a single-celled evolutionary distant eukaryote Giardia intestinalis","volume":"124","author":"Tumova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chromosoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3282","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkq1292","article-title":"Stability of telomeric G-quadruplexes","volume":"39","author":"Tran","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14497","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.231494798","article-title":"Three retrotransposon families in the genome of Giardia lamblia: two telomeric, one dead","volume":"98","author":"Arkhipova","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s00412-015-0528-7","article-title":"Telomerase lost?","volume":"125","author":"Mason","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chromosoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4780","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/19.17.4780","article-title":"Improved telomere detection using a telomere repeat probe (TTAGGG)n generated by PCR","volume":"19","author":"Ijdo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2010.12.011","article-title":"Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) mapping of single copy genes on Trichomonas vaginalis chromosomes","volume":"176","author":"Zubacova","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0130","first-page":"97","article-title":"A light microscopic study of the course of cellular division of Giardia intestinalis trophozoites grown in vitro","volume":"39","author":"Cerva","year":"1992","journal-title":"Folia Parasitol. (Praha)"},{"year":"1989","series-title":"Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual","author":"Sambrook","key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0135"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14422","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.25.14422","article-title":"Characterization and developmental patterns of telomerase expression in plants","volume":"93","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2006.02.039","article-title":"Detection of telomerase activity by the TRAP assay and its variants and alternatives","volume":"371","author":"Fajkus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","article-title":"A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding","volume":"72","author":"Bradford","year":"1976","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2003.2446","article-title":"Telomere variability in the monocotyledonous plant order Asparagales","volume":"270","author":"Sykorova","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Biol. Sci. R. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10924","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0500349102","article-title":"Giardia mitosomes and trichomonad hydrogenosomes share a common mode of protein targeting","volume":"102","author":"Dolezal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(97)00239-9","article-title":"DNA Stable transfection of the primitive protozoan pathogen Giardia lamblia","volume":"92","author":"Sun","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/S0888-7543(05)80111-9","article-title":"A knowledge base for predicting protein localization sites in eukaryotic cells","volume":"14","author":"Nakai","year":"1992","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10171","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0900604106","article-title":"Systematic identification of cell cycle-dependent yeast nucleocytoplasmic shuttling proteins by prediction of composite motifs","volume":"106","author":"Kosugi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.20183","article-title":"Cell division of Giardia intestinalis: assembly and disassembly of the adhesive disc, and the cytokinesis","volume":"64","author":"Tumova","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0185","first-page":"2523","article-title":"Nuclear inheritance and genetic exchange without meiosis in the binucleate parasite Giardia intestinalis","volume":"125","author":"Carpenter","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07443.x","article-title":"Architectural organization in the interphase nucleus of the protozoan Trypanosoma brucei: location of telomeres and mini-chromosomes","volume":"9","author":"Chung","year":"1990","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(00)00227-7","article-title":"Plasmodium telomeres: a pathogen's perspective","volume":"4","author":"Scherf","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0200","article-title":"DNA repair in pathogenic eukaryotic cells: insights from comparative genomics of parasitic protozoan","author":"Marchat","year":"2011","journal-title":"InTech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10652","DOI":"10.1038\/srep10652","article-title":"Polyphyly of nuclear lamin genes indicates an early eukaryotic origin of the metazoan-type intermediate filament proteins","volume":"5","author":"Kollmar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004121","article-title":"Ancient lineages of non-LTR retrotransposons in the primitive eukaryote, Giardia lamblia","volume":"19","author":"Burke","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/21.4.815","article-title":"A central role for Plasmodium falciparum subtelomeric regions in spatial positioning and telomere length regulation","volume":"21","author":"Figueiredo","year":"2002","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2007.07.016","article-title":"Telomere length in Trypanosoma brucei","volume":"118","author":"Dreesen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evs007","article-title":"Dynamic evolution of telomeric sequences in the green algal order Chlamydomonadales","volume":"4","author":"Fulneckova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genome Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.7.1.37","article-title":"Telomeric organization of a variable and inducible toxin gene family in the ancient eukaryote Giardia duodenalis","volume":"7","author":"Upcroft","year":"1997","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s10577-012-9332-x","article-title":"Interstitial telomeric repeats are enriched in the centromeres of chromosomes in Solanum species","volume":"21","author":"He","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chromosome Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1266\/ggs.77.63","article-title":"Interstitial telomere-like repeats in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome","volume":"77","author":"Uchida","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genes Genet. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2011.10.001","article-title":"Role of telomeres and telomerase in cancer","volume":"21","author":"Shay","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin. Cancer Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1007\/s00412-015-0524-y","article-title":"Holokinetic centromeres and efficient telomere healing enable rapid karyotype evolution","volume":"124","author":"Jankowska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chromosoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/s10577-005-0997-2","article-title":"Telomeres in evolution and evolution of telomeres","volume":"13","author":"Fajkus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chromosome Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.4208","article-title":"Columnar packing of telomeric nucleosomes","volume":"280","author":"Fajkus","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80760-6","article-title":"Mammalian telomeres end in a large duplex loop","volume":"97","author":"Griffith","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16824","DOI":"10.1021\/ja905611c","article-title":"Giardia telomeric sequence d(TAGGG)4 forms two intramolecular G-quadruplexes in K+ solution: effect of loop length and sequence on the folding topology","volume":"131","author":"Hu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1143837","article-title":"Genomic minimalism in the early diverging intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia","volume":"317","author":"Morrison","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"}],"container-title":["Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0166685116301268?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0166685116301268?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]],"date-time":"2022-06-26T06:31:09Z","timestamp":1656225069000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0166685116301268"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S0166685116301268"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0166-6851"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0166-6851"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Characterization of telomeres and telomerase from the single-celled eukaryote Giardia intestinalis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.09.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}