{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T07:20:36Z","timestamp":1785396036185,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T17:30:36Z","timestamp":1620754236000},"page":"351-364","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Functionally active cyclin-dependent kinase 9 is essential for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus subgenomic RNA synthesis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Meng-Di","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Le","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie-Jie","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Jia","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bei-Bei","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gai-Ping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2020.103029","article-title":"Targeting CDK4 (cyclin-dependent kinase) amplification in liposarcoma: a comprehensive review","volume":"153","author":"Assi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1080\/21541264.2018.1523668","article-title":"CDK9: a signaling hub for transcriptional control","volume":"10","author":"Bacon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transcription"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2019.03.001","article-title":"A high-throughput screen for genes essential for PRRSV infection using a piggyBac-based system","volume":"531","author":"Bai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0020","article-title":"Therapeutic progression of quinazolines as targeted chemotherapeutic agents","author":"Bansal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0025","article-title":"Cell-death-inducing DFFA-like effector B contributes to the assembly of hepatitis C virus (HCV) particles and interacts with HCV NS5A","volume":"6","author":"Cai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1720431115","article-title":"Cyclin-dependent kinase activity is required for type I interferon production","volume":"115","author":"Cing\u00f6z","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2366","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2013.194","article-title":"Small-molecule multi-targeted kinase inhibitor RGB-286638 triggers P53-dependent and -independent anti-multiple myeloma activity through inhibition of transcriptional CDKs","volume":"27","author":"Cirstea","year":"2013","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10591","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01242-08","article-title":"Role of cdk9 in the optimization of expression of the genes regulated by ICP22 of herpes simplex virus 1","volume":"82","author":"Durand","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0045","article-title":"How viral and intracellular bacterial pathogens reprogram the metabolism of host cells to allow their intracellular replication","volume":"9","author":"Eisenreich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5171","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.02718","article-title":"Secrets of a double agent: CDK7 in cell-cycle control and transcription","volume":"118","author":"Fisher","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Cell. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90535-5","article-title":"A novel cyclin associates MO15\/CDK7 to form the CDK-activating kinase","volume":"78","author":"Fisher","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-015-2392-4","article-title":"DRACO inhibits porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication in vitro","volume":"160","author":"Guo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.10.002","article-title":"CDK\/ERK-mediated phosphorylation of the human influenza A virus NS1 protein at threonine-215","volume":"383","author":"Hale","year":"2009","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089228","article-title":"Inhibition of post-transcriptional RNA processing by CDK inhibitors and its implication in anti-viral therapy","volume":"9","author":"Holcakova","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2062","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.04534-14","article-title":"A novel CDK7 inhibitor of the Pyrazolotriazine class exerts broad-spectrum antiviral activity at nanomolar concentrations","volume":"59","author":"Hutterer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5904","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02651-08","article-title":"Recruitment of cdk9 to the immediate-early viral transcriptosomes during human cytomegalovirus infection requires efficient binding to cyclin T1, a threshold level of IE2 86, and active transcription","volume":"83","author":"Kapasi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0000000000000243","article-title":"Cyclin-dependent kinase pathways as targets for women\u2019s cancer treatment","volume":"28","author":"Konecny","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.83253-0","article-title":"The nsp1alpha and nsp1 papain-like autoproteinases are essential for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus RNA synthesis","volume":"89","author":"Kroese","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13393","article-title":"Targeting transcription regulation in cancer with a covalent CDK7 inhibitor","volume":"511","author":"Kwiatkowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2002","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-8-172","article-title":"A 5\u2019-proximal stem-loop structure of 5\u2019 untranslated region of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus genome is key for virus replication","volume":"8","author":"Lu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2009.03.004","article-title":"Lentiviral delivery of short hairpin RNAs","volume":"61","author":"Manjunath","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1075762","article-title":"The protein kinase complement of the human genome","volume":"298","author":"Manning","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(89)90635-1","article-title":"Glycoprotein gIII deletion mutants of pseudorabies virus are impaired in virus entry","volume":"171","author":"Mettenleiter","year":"1989","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9828","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.18.9828-9836.2004","article-title":"Interspecific recombination between two ruminant alphaherpesviruses, bovine herpesviruses 1 and 5","volume":"78","author":"Meurens","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2003.11.026","article-title":"Viral and cellular kinases are potential antiviral targets and have a central role in varicella zoster virus pathogenesis","volume":"1697","author":"Moffat","year":"2004","journal-title":"BBA - Proteins Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5256","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03817-13","article-title":"Depletion of the cdk inhibitor p16INK4a differentially affects proliferation of established cervical carcinoma cells","volume":"88","author":"Pauck","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2629","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.20.8.2629-2634.2000","article-title":"P-TEFb, a cyclin-dependent kinase controlling elongation by RNA polymerase II","volume":"20","author":"Price","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0145","article-title":"A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints","volume":"27","author":"Reed","year":"1938","journal-title":"Am. J. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1080\/14728222.2016.1254619","article-title":"Cyclin-dependent kinases as therapeutic targets for HIV-1 infection","volume":"20","author":"Rice","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Ther. Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3693","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-018-2882-0","article-title":"Viral journeys on the intracellular highways","volume":"75","author":"Robinson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1081\/NCN-200060314","article-title":"Cdk inhibitory nucleoside analogs prevent transcription from viral genomes","volume":"24","author":"Schang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nucleosides Nucleotides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0165","series-title":"CDK Inhibitors-Cell Cycle Arrest Versus Apoptois","author":"Schartz","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2013.05.015","article-title":"Comparison of the plaque assay and 50% tissue culture infectious dose assay as methods for measuring filovirus infectivity","volume":"193","author":"Smither","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2016.08.008","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of CDK9 inhibitor FIT-039 on hepatitis B virus propagation","volume":"133","author":"Tanaka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antiviral Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2010.09.003","article-title":"Taming PRRSV: revisiting the control strategies and vaccine design","volume":"154","author":"Thanawongnuwech","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.3.1521-1526.2002","article-title":"Kissing interaction between 3\u2019 noncoding and coding sequences is essential for porcine arterivirus RNA replication","volume":"76","author":"Verheije","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3425","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03046-12","article-title":"Adenovirus L-E1A activates transcription through mediator complex-dependent recruitment of the super elongation complex","volume":"87","author":"Vijayalingam","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00526-19","article-title":"Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus activates lipophagy to facilitate viral replication through downregulation of NDRG1 expression","volume":"93","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0200","first-page":"93","article-title":"PRRSV activates lipophagy to facilitate viral replication through down-regulation of NDRG1 expression","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2019.1679010","article-title":"The Nsp12-coding region of type 2 PRRSV is required for viral subgenomic mRNA synthesis","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg. Microbes Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.015","article-title":"Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase is essential for cytosolic double-stranded DNA and fowl adenovirus serotype 4 triggered innate immune responses in chickens","volume":"146","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2017.02.008","article-title":"Inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases as cancer therapeutics","volume":"173","author":"Whittaker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2015.04.005","article-title":"FDA-approved small-molecule kinase inhibitors","volume":"36","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0225","article-title":"A genome-wide association study of fetal response to type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus challenge","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15489","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M117.806000","article-title":"CDK9 and SPT5 proteins are specifically required for expression of herpes simplex virus 1 replication-dependent late genes","volume":"292","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001096","article-title":"Cyclin-dependent kinase activity controls the onset of the HCMV lytic cycle","volume":"6","author":"Zydek","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."}],"container-title":["Molecular Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161589021001553?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161589021001553?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T13:44:40Z","timestamp":1758980680000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161589021001553"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0161589021001553"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-5890"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-5890","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Functionally active cyclin-dependent kinase 9 is essential for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus subgenomic RNA synthesis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molimm.2021.05.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}