{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T23:30:31Z","timestamp":1790206231820,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007300","name":"China Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMU109-ASIA-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMU109-ASIA-06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007300","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST111-2320-B-468-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST111-2320-B-468-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST108-2314-B-039-048-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST108-2314-B-039-048-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST105-2628-B-039-008-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST105-2628-B-039-008-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST107-2320-B-039-049-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST107-2320-B-039-049-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020595","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004391","name":"China Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-111-150"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-111-150"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004391","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004391","name":"China Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-110-141"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-110-141"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004391","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004391","name":"China Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-111-236"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-111-236"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004391","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:21:51Z","timestamp":1707506511000},"page":"34-42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The role of transforming growth factor beta in myopia development"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"Hsiangyu","family":"Ku","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie Jiin-Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng-Tai","family":"Tien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Ju","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gezhi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23073647","article-title":"Circulating vitreous microRNA as possible biomarker in high myopic eyes with macular hole","volume":"23","author":"Ando","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1206132","article-title":"Transient activation of NF-kappaB through a TAK1\/IKK kinase pathway by TGF-beta1 inhibits AP-1\/SMAD signaling and apoptosis: implications in liver tumor formation","volume":"22","author":"Arsura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S11737","article-title":"Tiotropium bromide inhibits TGF-\u03b2-induced MMP production from lung fibroblasts by interfering with Smad and MAPK pathways in vitro.","volume":"5","author":"Asano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36803","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M005912200","article-title":"Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase function is required for transforming growth factor beta-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition and cell migration","volume":"275","author":"Bakin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.14.2.187","article-title":"A mechanism of suppression of TGF-beta\/SMAD signaling by NF-kappa B\/RelA","volume":"14","author":"Bitzer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2004.03.008","article-title":"The two NF-kappaB activation pathways and their role in innate and adaptive immunity","volume":"25","author":"Bonizzi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109071","article-title":"Candidate pathways for retina to scleral signaling in refractive eye growth","volume":"219","author":"Brown","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0684.2003.00022.x","article-title":"The tree shrews: adjuncts and alternatives to primates as models for biomedical research","volume":"32","author":"Cao","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Med. Prima"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-013-2269-8","article-title":"Altered TGF-\u03b22 and bFGF expression in scleral desmocytes from an experimentally-induced myopia guinea pig model","volume":"251","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.142130","article-title":"Effect of SMAD7 gene overexpression on TGF-beta1-induced profibrotic responses in fibroblasts derived from Peyronie's plaque.","volume":"17","author":"Choi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian J. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines6020043","article-title":"The many roles of ubiquitin in NF-\u03baB signaling","volume":"6","author":"Courtois","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25568","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)74429-9","article-title":"Regulation of interleukin 8 gene expression by oxidant stress","volume":"268","author":"DeForge","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.12.008","article-title":"Matching the LenStar optical biometer to A-Scan ultrasonography for use in small animal eyes with application to tree shrews","volume":"180","author":"El Hamdaoui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2012.171","article-title":"TGF-beta and NF-kappaB signal pathway cross-talk is mediated through TAK1 and SMAD7 in a subset of head and neck cancers.","volume":"32","author":"Freudlsperger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib15","first-page":"1399","article-title":"Differential cataractogenic potency of TGF-beta1, -beta2, and -beta3 and their expression in the postnatal rat eye","volume":"39","author":"Gordon-Thomson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib16","first-page":"1380","article-title":"Form-deprivation myopia induces activation of scleral matrix metalloproteinase-2 in tree shrew","volume":"37","author":"Guggenheim","year":"1996","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2014.07.005","article-title":"Gene expression signatures in tree shrew choroid in response to three myopiagenic conditions","volume":"102","author":"He","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2012.02.037","article-title":"Regulation of EMT by TGF\u03b2 in cancer","volume":"586","author":"Heldin","year":"2012","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib19","first-page":"2519","article-title":"Retinal control on the axial length mediated by transforming growth factor-beta in chick eye","volume":"37","author":"Honda","year":"1996","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1451","article-title":"Smad7 binds to the adaptors TAB2 and TAB3 to block recruitment of the kinase TAK1 to the adaptor TRAF2","volume":"8","author":"Hong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1080\/09273948.2019.1588334","article-title":"The relation of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio with high axial myopia","volume":"28","author":"Icel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ocul. Immunol. Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-7682-5-2","article-title":"Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio as a measure of systemic inflammation in prevalent chronic diseases in Asian population","volume":"5","author":"Imtiaz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18121","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M400381200","article-title":"Isoform-specific changes in scleral transforming growth factor-beta expression and the regulation of collagen synthesis during myopia progression","volume":"279","author":"Jobling","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2008.10.022","article-title":"Retinal and choroidal TGF-beta in the tree shrew model of myopia: isoform expression, activation and effects on function","volume":"88","author":"Jobling","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1679197","article-title":"Immune privilege and eye-derived T-regulatory cells","volume":"2018","author":"Keino","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0945-053X(03)00035-0","article-title":"Collagen type I, III and V differently modulate synthesis and activation of matrix metalloproteinases by cultured rabbit periosteal fibroblasts","volume":"22","author":"Kerkvliet","year":"2003","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.10046","article-title":"Transforming growth factor-beta isoforms differently stimulate proalpha2 (I) collagen gene expression during wound healing process in transgenic mice","volume":"190","author":"Kinbara","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4303","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb44090296","article-title":"Myopia development in tree shrew is associated with chronic inflammatory reactions","volume":"44","author":"Ku","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Issues Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1998.13.8.1290","article-title":"TNF-alpha increases expression of IL-6 and ICAM-1 genes through activation of NF-kappaB in osteoblast-like ROS17\/2.8 cells","volume":"13","author":"Kurokouchi","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Bone Min. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12398","article-title":"Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) isoforms in wound healing and fibrosis","volume":"24","author":"Lichtman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2016.07.021","article-title":"Role of chronic inflammation in myopia progression: clinical evidence and experimental validation","volume":"10","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib32","article-title":"NF-kappaB signaling in inflammation.","volume":"2","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e31828daa6e","article-title":"C-reactive protein and complement components in patients with pathological myopia","volume":"90","author":"Long","year":"2013","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8379","DOI":"10.1007\/s13277-014-2203-7","article-title":"SMAD7: a timer of tumor progression targeting TGF-beta signaling","volume":"35","author":"Luo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tumour Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib36","article-title":"The ARRIVE guidelines 2.0: updated guidelines for reporting animal research","volume":"18","author":"Percie du Sert","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bioeng.8.061505.095708","article-title":"Analysis of inflammation","volume":"8","author":"Schmid-Schonbein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annu Rev. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib38","first-page":"1183","article-title":"Expression of bFGF and TGF-beta 2 in experimental myopia in chicks","volume":"36","author":"Seko","year":"1995","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.108.3.985","article-title":"Neutralisation of TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2 or exogenous addition of TGF-beta 3 to cutaneous rat wounds reduces scarring","volume":"108","author":"Shah","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(98)00053-4","article-title":"The susceptible period for deprivation-induced myopia in tree shrew","volume":"38","author":"Siegwart","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.6.4","article-title":"Inhibiting NF-kappaB signaling activation reduces retinal neovascularization by promoting a polarization shift in macrophages","volume":"61","author":"Sui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096801","article-title":"IHC Profiler: an open source plugin for the quantitative evaluation and automated scoring of immunohistochemistry images of human tissue samples","volume":"9","author":"Varghese","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib43","first-page":"2465","article-title":"Endotoxin-induced uveitis is partially inhibited by anti-IL-8 antibody treatment","volume":"40","author":"Verma","year":"1999","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000015609.31253.7F","article-title":"MCP-1 induces inflammatory activation of human tubular epithelial cells: involvement of the transcription factors, nuclear factor-kappaB and activating protein-1","volume":"13","author":"Viedt","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib45","first-page":"3873","article-title":"Expression of multiple cytokines and IL-1RA in the uvea and retina during endotoxin-induced uveitis in the rat","volume":"35","author":"de Vos","year":"1994","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.08.008","article-title":"Homeostasis of eye growth and the question of myopia","volume":"43","author":"Wallman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.4252\/wjsc.v4.i5.28","article-title":"Different roles of TGF-beta in the multi-lineage differentiation of stem cells.","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J. Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-022-02688-1","article-title":"Assessment of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with high myopia","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.3109\/03008207.2010.516849","article-title":"TGF-\u03b21 promoted MMP-2 mediated wound healing of anterior cruciate ligament fibroblasts through NF-\u03baB","volume":"52","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Connect Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2016.01.015","article-title":"The effect of intravitreal injection of vehicle solutions on form deprivation myopia in tree shrews","volume":"145","author":"Ward","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2020.155308","article-title":"Proinflammatory and angiogenesis-related cytokines in vitreous samples of highly myopic patients","volume":"137","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1260592","article-title":"Effects of inflammation on myopia: evidence and potential mechanisms","volume":"14","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20101827","article-title":"Smad7: not only a regulator, but also a cross-talk mediator of TGF-beta signalling.","volume":"434","author":"Yan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2022.03.21","article-title":"Scleral remodeling in myopia development","volume":"15","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-39652-x","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines in highly myopic eyes","volume":"9","author":"Yuan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2015.03.017","article-title":"Proinflammatory status in the aqueous humor of high myopic cataract eyes","volume":"142","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-014-2768-2","article-title":"Changes of TGF-\u03b22, MMP-2, and TIMP-2 levels in the vitreous of patients with high myopia","volume":"252","author":"Zhuang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol."}],"container-title":["Molecular Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161589024000191?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161589024000191?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T23:39:19Z","timestamp":1778629159000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161589024000191"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["S0161589024000191"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-5890"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-5890","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The role of transforming growth factor beta in myopia development","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molimm.2024.01.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}