{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T01:48:05Z","timestamp":1791337685221,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013105","name":"Shanghai Rising-Star Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24QA2707800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24QA2707800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013105","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007848","name":"Fudan University IBS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82102253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82102253"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82472183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82472183"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T11:30:38Z","timestamp":1752579038000},"page":"6-17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["MSC-EVs alleviate sepsis-induced acute lung injury through inhibiting NET-triggered damage to adherens junctions of endothelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Yuwen","family":"Shao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changhong","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5663","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092385","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria","volume":"303","author":"Brinkmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib2","first-page":"H385","article-title":"Neutrophil elastase promotes lung microvascular injury and proteolysis of endothelial cadherins","volume":"275","author":"Carden","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00647","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: a novel cell-free therapy for sepsis","volume":"11","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2023.102906","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps drive intestinal microvascular endothelial ferroptosis by impairing Fundc1-dependent mitophagy","volume":"67","author":"Chu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa070","article-title":"The effects of sepsis on endothelium and clinical implications","volume":"117","author":"Dolmatova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.04216-2020","article-title":"Mesenchymal stromal (stem) cell therapy modulates miR-193b-5p expression to attenuate sepsis-induced acute lung injury","volume":"59","author":"Dos Santos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-09-526707","article-title":"Akt is essential to induce NADPH-dependent NETosis and to switch the neutrophil death to apoptosis","volume":"123","author":"Douda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.21907","article-title":"Acute respiratory distress syndrome: advances in diagnosis and treatment","volume":"319","author":"Fan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12980","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1902165116","article-title":"Endothelial cell Piezo1 mediates pressure-induced lung vascular hyperpermeability via disruption of adherens junctions","volume":"116","author":"Friedrich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"88","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3002011","article-title":"Broken barriers: a new take on sepsis pathogenesis","volume":"3","author":"Goldenberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biom9050184","article-title":"Histone deacetylase inhibitors dose-dependently switch neutrophil death from NETosis to apoptosis","volume":"9","author":"Hamam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2736","article-title":"Mitochondrial transfer from bone-marrow-derived stromal cells to pulmonary alveoli protects against acute lung injury","volume":"18","author":"Islam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201910-1911TR","article-title":"Endothelial responses in sepsis","volume":"202","author":"Joffre","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3399","article-title":"Neutrophil recruitment and function in health and inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Kolaczkowska","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2020.0228","article-title":"Transplantation of ACE2(-) mesenchymal stem cells improves the outcome of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia","volume":"11","author":"Leng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2022.121486","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells as nanotherapeutics for liver ischaemia-reperfusion injury by transferring mitochondria to modulate the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps","volume":"284","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01037","article-title":"Role of neutrophil extracellular traps and vesicles in regulating vascular endothelial permeability","volume":"10","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1964","article-title":"Tuning inflammation and immunity by chemokine sequestration: decoys and more","volume":"6","author":"Mantovani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s41232-023-00266-6","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells - a novel therapeutic tool in infectious diseases","volume":"43","author":"Manzoor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflamm. Regen."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0069-0","article-title":"Acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Matthay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7944(02)00775-4","article-title":"Acute lung injury using oleic acid in the laboratory rat: establishment of a working model and evidence against free radicals in the acute phase","volume":"60","author":"McGuigan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Surg."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2403213","article-title":"Sepsis and septic shock","volume":"391","author":"Meyer","year":"2024","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"10300","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00439-6","article-title":"Acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"398","author":"Meyer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18010072","article-title":"d,l-sulforaphane induces ROS-dependent apoptosis in human gliomablastoma cells by inactivating STAT3 signaling pathway","volume":"18","author":"Miao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s41232-020-00114-x","article-title":"Calpain proteolytic systems counteract endothelial cell adaptation to inflammatory environments","volume":"40","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inflamm. Regen."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-022-03930-4","article-title":"Treatment of COVID-19-associated ARDS with mesenchymal stromal cells: a multicenter randomized double-blind trial","volume":"26","author":"Monsel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.105","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps in immunity and disease","volume":"18","author":"Papayannopoulos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4677-4","article-title":"Sepsis: frontiers in supportive care, organisation and research","volume":"43","author":"Perner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"issue":"5411","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5411.143","article-title":"Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"284","author":"Pittenger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.7571","article-title":"Prevalence, underlying causes, and preventability of sepsis-associated mortality in US acute care hospitals","volume":"2","author":"Rhee","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"issue":"10219","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32989-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990-2017: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"395","author":"Rudd","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00488-5","article-title":"Effect of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells on lung damage in severe COVID-19 patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial","volume":"6","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target Ther."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287","article-title":"The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3)","volume":"315","author":"Singer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.3RU0620-375R","article-title":"The vitals of NETs","volume":"110","author":"Tan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib35","article-title":"Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines","volume":"7","author":"Th\u00e9ry","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Extra Vesicles"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2395","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells in health and disease","volume":"8","author":"Uccelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.125","article-title":"Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles","volume":"19","author":"van Niel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-06849-6","article-title":"S100A8\/A9(hi) neutrophils induce mitochondrial dysfunction and PANoptosis in endothelial cells via mitochondrial complex I deficiency during sepsis","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abm8965","article-title":"Lactate induces vascular permeability via disruption of VE-cadherin in endothelial cells during sepsis","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3337","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.69141","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps mediate m(6)A modification and regulates sepsis-associated acute lung injury by activating ferroptosis in alveolar epithelial cells","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.1170","article-title":"Neutrophil, neutrophil extracellular traps and endothelial cell dysfunction in sepsis","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-023-01614-8","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps contribute to immunothrombosis formation via the STING pathway in sepsis-associated lung injury","volume":"9","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov."}],"container-title":["Molecular Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016158902500166X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016158902500166X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T19:53:10Z","timestamp":1777492390000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S016158902500166X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S016158902500166X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-5890"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-5890","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"MSC-EVs alleviate sepsis-induced acute lung injury through inhibiting NET-triggered damage to adherens junctions of endothelial cells","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.07.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}