{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T18:06:12Z","timestamp":1783101972251,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515110715"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515110715"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82404120"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82404120"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82273537"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82273537"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T16:54:43Z","timestamp":1766076883000},"page":"174-180","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Increased TNF-\u03b1 in SJS\/TEN induced by PD-1 inhibitors supports the combination therapy of etanercept and systemic corticosteroids"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"189","author":[{"given":"Hao","family":"Xiong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2901-4273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhu","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.13778","article-title":"Pediatric toxic epidermal necrolysis treated successfully with infliximab","volume":"36","author":"Chafranska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2023.03.1652","article-title":"TNF-\u03b1 blockade inhibits matrix metalloproteinase 9-mediated collagenase activity in stevens-johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis","volume":"143","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Invest Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-54180-7","article-title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced severe epidermal necrolysis mediated by macrophage-derived CXCL10 and abated by TNF blockade","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.4103\/ds.DS-D-23-00082","article-title":"Genetic associations of human leukocyte antigen alleles in cutaneous delayed drug hypersensitivity reactions: An updated review","volume":"41","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dermatol. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1884","article-title":"Granulysin is a key mediator for disseminated keratinocyte death in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis","volume":"14","author":"Chung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib6","article-title":"PV. Pharmacogenomics of TNF inhibitors","volume":"16","author":"El Assadi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3706","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31629","article-title":"High-dose glucocorticoids for the treatment of ipilimumab-induced hypophysitis is associated with reduced survival in patients with melanoma","volume":"124","author":"Faje","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2023.02.058","article-title":"APOA4 as a novel predictor of prognosis in Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis: a proteomics analysis from two prospective cohorts","volume":"89","author":"Gong","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1421684","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors enhance corticosteroid therapy for Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis linked to immune checkpoint inhibitors: a prospective study","volume":"15","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjon.2024.100549","article-title":"Updates and emerging trends in the management of immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy","volume":"11","author":"La-Beck","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asia Pac. J. Oncol. Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1089\/derm.2023.0208","article-title":"Interleukin-17 monoclonal antibody successfully treated psoriasiform drug eruption induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case report and review of literature","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dermatitis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e183","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14811","article-title":"Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis-like reactions to checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review","volume":"59","author":"Maloney","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-20-3449","article-title":"Combining nivolumab and ipilimumab with infliximab or certolizumab in patients with advanced melanoma: first results of a phase Ib clinical trial","volume":"27","author":"Montfort","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2019-000451","article-title":"Mucosal inflammation predicts response to systemic steroids in immune checkpoint inhibitor colitis","volume":"8","author":"Mooradian","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2010.01170.x","article-title":"Evaluation of serum cytokine levels in toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome compared with other delayed-type adverse drug reactions","volume":"38","author":"Nomura","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-08061-0","article-title":"Spatial proteomics identifies JAKi as treatment for a lethal skin disease","volume":"635","author":"Nordmann","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2022.01.001","article-title":"Immune-related adverse events in various organs caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"71","author":"Okiyama","year":"2022","journal-title":"Allergol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2022.11.024","article-title":"TNF-\u03b1-mediated keratinocyte expression and release of matrix metalloproteinase 9: putative mechanism of pathogenesis in stevens-johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis","volume":"143","author":"Olsson-Brown","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Invest Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3044","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol29050247","article-title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy","volume":"29","author":"Shiravand","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins6010194","article-title":"Cytotoxic proteins and therapeutic targets in severe cutaneous adverse reactions","volume":"6","author":"Su","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.11.034","article-title":"Interleukin-15 is associated with severity and mortality in Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis","volume":"137","author":"Su","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6805","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol30070498","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of cutaneous immune-related adverse events (irAEs) induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"30","author":"Teng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-19-3322","article-title":"Association of anti-TNF with decreased survival in steroid refractory ipilimumab and anti-PD1-treated patients in the Dutch melanoma treatment registry","volume":"26","author":"Verheijden","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI93349","article-title":"Randomized, controlled trial of TNF-\u03b1 antagonist in CTL-mediated severe cutaneous adverse reactions","volume":"128","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s13601-018-0199-6","article-title":"Diverse expression of TNF-\u03b1 and CCL27 in serum and blister of Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2020.01.011","article-title":"Diet-induced obesity exacerbates imiquimod-mediated psoriasiform dermatitis in anti-PD-1 antibody-treated mice: implications for patients being treated with checkpoint inhibitors for cancer","volume":"97","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006_bib27","article-title":"Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."}],"container-title":["Molecular Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161589025002871?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161589025002871?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T19:53:15Z","timestamp":1777492395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161589025002871"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["S0161589025002871"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-5890"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-5890","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Increased TNF-\u03b1 in SJS\/TEN induced by PD-1 inhibitors supports the combination therapy of etanercept and systemic corticosteroids","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molimm.2025.12.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}