{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T05:17:15Z","timestamp":1788671835932,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:09:08Z","timestamp":1787702948000},"page":"186-194","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Pristimerin suppresses the phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis through inhibiting the activation of JAK2\/STAT3 pathway"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"198","author":[{"given":"Xiwen","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lifeng","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.114330","article-title":"Quince extract resists atherosclerosis in rats by down-regulating the EGFR\/PI3K\/Akt\/GSK-3\u03b2 pathway","volume":"160","author":"Abulizi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.017524","article-title":"Cysteamine decreases low-density lipoprotein oxidation, causes regression of atherosclerosis, and improves liver and muscle function in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice","volume":"10","author":"Ahmad","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.110.207415","article-title":"Recent advances on the role of cytokines in atherosclerosis","volume":"31","author":"Ait-Oufella","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.124.320155","article-title":"Inflammation and atherosclerosis: prospects for clinical trials","volume":"44","author":"Ait-Oufella","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-07166-8","article-title":"Inflammation in atherosclerosis: pathophysiology and mechanisms","volume":"15","author":"Ajoolabady","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell. Death Dis."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26136467","article-title":"Dysfunction of microcirculation in atherosclerosis: implications of nitric oxide, oxidative stress, and inflammation","volume":"26","author":"Aleksandrowicz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113950","article-title":"Pristimerin mediated anticancer effects and sensitization of human skin cancer cells through modulation of MAPK signaling pathways","volume":"156","author":"Al-Tamimi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b18-00387","article-title":"L-theanine down-regulates the JAK\/STAT3 pathway to attenuate the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells induced by angiotensin II","volume":"41","author":"Ben","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.109758","article-title":"New insights into phenotypic switching of VSMCs induced by hyperhomocysteinemia: Role of endothelin-1 signaling","volume":"123","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6651","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S257329","article-title":"Pristimerin suppressed breast cancer progression via miR-542-5p\/DUB3 axis","volume":"13","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Onco Targets Ther."},{"issue":"361","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib11","first-page":"54","article-title":"Phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells: key mechanism in atherosclerosis progression","author":"Chigareva","year":"2025","journal-title":"Georgian Med. News"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-023-00937-x","article-title":"ANGPTL4 stabilizes atherosclerotic plaques and modulates the phenotypic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells through KLF4 downregulation","volume":"55","author":"Cho","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.121.319822","article-title":"Inflammation resolution: implications for atherosclerosis","volume":"130","author":"Doran","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.31200","article-title":"Phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis, hypertension, and aortic dissection","volume":"239","author":"Elmarasi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116313","article-title":"Targeting the JAK2\/STAT3 signaling pathway with natural plants and phytochemical ingredients: a novel therapeutic method for combatting cardiovascular diseases","volume":"172","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1139\/bcb-2021-0251","article-title":"Pristimerin alleviates cigarette smoke-induced inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease via inhibiting NF-\u03baB pathway","volume":"100","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochem. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2024.102440","article-title":"Schisandrin inhibits VSMCs proliferation and migration by arresting cell cycle and targeting JAK2 to regulating the JAK2\/STAT3 pathway","volume":"89","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tissue Cell."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14892","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.202998","article-title":"Inhibition of CDK9 attenuates atherosclerosis by inhibiting inflammation and phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells","volume":"13","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.3109\/08923973.2016.1168435","article-title":"Pristimerin attenuates ovalbumin-induced allergic airway inflammation in mice","volume":"38","author":"Jin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106326","article-title":"Attenuation of pristimerin on TNF-\u03b1-induced endothelial inflammation","volume":"82","author":"Liang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.38115","article-title":"Formononetin attenuates atherosclerosis via regulating interaction between KLF4 and SRA in apoE(-\/-) mice","volume":"10","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2025.133533","article-title":"JAK2\/STAT3 signaling: a critical axis in atherosclerosis pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting","volume":"437","author":"Qiu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2018.03.033","article-title":"Protective effect of pristimerin against LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice","volume":"59","author":"Shaaban","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0000000000001008","article-title":"Tryptanthrin regulates vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching in atherosclerosis by AMP-activated protein kinase\/acetyl-CoA carboxylase signaling pathway","volume":"77","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2020.104060","article-title":"Ruxolitinib attenuates intimal hyperplasia via inhibiting JAK2\/STAT3 signaling pathway activation induced by PDGF-BB in vascular smooth muscle cells","volume":"132","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microvasc. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2014.09.014","article-title":"Pristimerin, a naturally occurring triterpenoid, protects against autoimmune arthritis by modulating the cellular and soluble immune mediators of inflammation and tissue damage","volume":"155","author":"Tong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvz185","article-title":"Heterogeneity and plasticity in healthy and atherosclerotic vasculature explored by single-cell sequencing","volume":"115","author":"van Kuijk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25147755","article-title":"Quercetin attenuates KLF4-mediated phenotypic switch of VSMCs to macrophage-like cells in atherosclerosis: a critical role for the JAK2\/STAT3 pathway","volume":"25","author":"Xiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinsp.2024.100343","article-title":"Circ-ABCA1 promotes oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced inflammation and phenotypic switch in vascular smooth muscle cells","volume":"79","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.01.010","article-title":"Inhibition of PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and migration in VSMCs by proanthocyanidin A2: involvement of KDR and Jak-2\/STAT-3\/cPLA(2) signaling pathways","volume":"98","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."}],"container-title":["Molecular Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161589026001914?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161589026001914?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T05:02:56Z","timestamp":1788670976000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161589026001914"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["S0161589026001914"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-5890"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-5890","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pristimerin suppresses the phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis through inhibiting the activation of JAK2\/STAT3 pathway","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.08.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}