{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T05:43:10Z","timestamp":1792215790568,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004809","name":"Finep","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the improvement of Higher Education Personnel","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T10:58:59Z","timestamp":1792061939000},"page":"228-242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["MicroRNAs in autoimmune connective tissue diseases: Pathogenic roles, clinical implications, and therapeutic potential"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"199","author":[{"given":"Juliana Renata da Silva","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9796-2279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen Steffani Silva","family":"Florencio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00falia Roberta da Silva","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella Luiza Ralph de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3776-7531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00edlia Vieira","family":"Galdino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4921-4320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anderson Rodrigues","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle Melgarejo","family":"da Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelly Cristiny","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moacyr Jesus Barreto de","family":"Melo R\u00eago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maira","family":"Galdino da Rocha Pitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"n. 7","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6578","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076578","article-title":"Advances in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"v. 24","author":"Accapezzato","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib2","series-title":"Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)","author":"Adigun","year":"2025"},{"issue":"n. 7","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12071540","article-title":"Role of ncRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome","volume":"v. 12","author":"Al-haidose","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-025-01054-9","article-title":"Dermatomyositis: Focus on Cutaneous Features, Etiopathogenetic Mechanisms and Their Implications for Treatment","volume":"v. 47","author":"Ali","year":"2025","journal-title":"Semin. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-020-00606-7","article-title":"Mixed connective tissue disease\u201d: a condition in search of an identity","volume":"v. 20","author":"Alves","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib6","article-title":"OIP5-AS1 expression profiles in different stages of oral squamous cell carcinoma","author":"Ameya","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch. Oral. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib7","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mir-155 is overexpressed in systemic sclerosis fibroblasts and is required for NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated collagen synthesis during fibrosis","volume":"v. 19","author":"Artlett","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. & Ther."},{"issue":"n. 8","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib8","first-page":"1369","article-title":"Systemic sclerosis: one year in review 2025","volume":"v. 43","author":"Battisti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2016.09.005","article-title":"Significance and Implications of Patient-reported Xerostomia in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome: Findings From the National Institutes of Health Cohort","volume":"v. 12","author":"Billings","year":"2016","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-022-02980-x","article-title":"Multiparametric autoantibody analysis: a new paradigm for the diagnosis of connective tissue diseases","volume":"v. 24","author":"Bizzaro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. & Ther."},{"issue":"n. 12","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2024.103686","article-title":"The Evaluation of Type I Interferon Score in Dermatomyositis, a Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis","volume":"v. 23","author":"Castellini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib12","article-title":"Small RNA Expression Profiling Reveals hsa-miR-181d-5p Downregulation Associated With TNF-\u03b1 Overexpression in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome Patients","volume":"v. 13","author":"Castro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib13","volume":"v. 1253","author":"Chang","year":"2020"},{"issue":"n. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib14","article-title":"MicroRNA expression profiles identify disease-specific alterations in systemic lupus erythematosus and primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"v. 12","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2024.11.027","article-title":"miR-3606-3p alleviates skin fibrosis by integratively suppressing the integrin\/FAK, p-AKT\/p-ERK, and TGF-\u03b2 signaling cascades","volume":"v. 75","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib16","first-page":"1","article-title":"MicroRNA-27a-3p inhibits lung and skin fibrosis of systemic sclerosis by negatively regulating SPP1","volume":"v. 4","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2017.12.015","article-title":"Serum microRNA screening and functional studies reveal miR-483-5p as a potential driver of fibrosis in systemic sclerosis","volume":"v. 89","author":"Chouri","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib18","first-page":"1","article-title":"miR-155 in the progression of lung fibrosis in systemic sclerosis","volume":"v. 18","author":"Christmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0055168","article-title":"A Versatile Method to Design Stem-Loop Primer-Based Quantitative PCR Assays for Detecting Small Regulatory RNA Molecules","volume":"v. 8","author":"Czimmerer","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS. ONE"},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/mps4010010","article-title":"Recent Advances in miRNA Delivery Systems","volume":"v. 4","author":"Dasgupta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Methods Protoc."},{"issue":"n. 6","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12060903","article-title":"Emerging Role of microRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome","volume":"v. 12","author":"De Benedittis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib22","article-title":"Autoantibodies associated with connective tissue diseases: What meaning for clinicians? Frontiers in Immunology","author":"Didier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Media S. A"},{"issue":"n. 9","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2953","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34505","article-title":"Decreased microRNA-142-3p\/5p expression causes CD4+ T cell activation and B cell hyperstimulation in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"v. 64","author":"Ding","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"issue":"n. 12","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3459","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10123459","article-title":"New Insights into Epigenetic Regulation of T Cell Differentiation","volume":"v. 10","author":"Dutta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s43166-025-00331-7","article-title":"Cross Link between Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 and Rheumatoid Arthritis Activity and Progression","volume":"v. 52","author":"El-Salawy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Egypt. Rheumatol. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib26","article-title":"The relationship of Mirna 155 with the target gene SOCS1 in Rheumatoid arthritis in Iraqi patients","volume":"1","author":"Fatimah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hist. Med. V. 9 N."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib27","article-title":"Circulating Extracellular Vesicles and Small Non-Coding RNAs Cargo in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies Reveal Differences across Myositis Subsets","volume":"v. 147","author":"Franco","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"issue":"n. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25031942","article-title":"Role of microRNAs in Immune Regulation with Translational and Clinical Applications","volume":"v. 25","author":"Ga\u00e1l","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2041","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-016-2167-4","article-title":"Contribution of MicroRNAs to autoimmune diseases","volume":"73","author":"Garo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib30","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fibrotic Disease of the Skin and Lung: Shared Pathways, Environmental Drivers, and Therapeutic Opportunities in a Changing Climate","volume":"v. 26","author":"Grafanaki","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"n. 6","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.3892\/br.2017.900","article-title":"Role of the microRNA-29 Family in Fibrotic Skin Diseases","volume":"v. 6","author":"Harmanci","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.2147\/BTT.S519558","article-title":"Expression of lncRNA NEAT1, miR-21, and IL17 in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients","volume":"v. 19","author":"Haroon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biol. Targets & Ther."},{"issue":"n.7","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2020.1827715","article-title":"microRNA27a-3p mediates reduction of the Wnt antagonist sFRP-1 in systemic sclerosis","volume":"v. 16","author":"Henderson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib34","first-page":"1","article-title":"Role of microRNA in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis tissue fibrosis and vasculopathy","volume":"v. 18","author":"Henry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"issue":"n. 13","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23137167","article-title":"MicroRNA-Based Diagnosis and Therapy","volume":"v. 23","author":"Ho","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib36","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus","author":"Hoi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib37","article-title":"miR-223 in exosomes from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis via downregulation of NLRP3 expression in macrophages","volume":"v. 143","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"issue":"n. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1080\/08916934.2020.1722108","article-title":"DNA methylation changes on immune cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"v. 53","author":"Hurtado","year":"2020","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"issue":"n. 12","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib39","article-title":"Oxidative Stress and Epigenetics: miRNA Involvement in Rare Autoimmune Diseases","volume":"v. 4","author":"Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-Cabellos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"issue":"n. 12","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10025","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-023-08845-z","article-title":"Serum miRNA-21, miRNA-146a and plasma cell free DNA as novel biomarkers for assessing systemic lupus erythematosus activity","volume":"v. 50","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"issue":"n. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izac122","article-title":"MiRNA-Based Therapies for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What Are We Still Missing?","volume":"v. 29","author":"Innocenti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205326","article-title":"Downregulation of miR-193b in systemic sclerosis regulates the proliferative vasculopathy by urokinase-type plasminogen activator expression","volume":"v. 75","author":"Iwamoto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"issue":"n. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1080\/08916934.2019.1621856","article-title":"MicroRNA-21 and microRNA-29a modulate the expression of collagen in dermal fibroblasts of patients with systemic sclerosis","volume":"v. 52","author":"Jafarinejad-Farsangi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.09.010","article-title":"Dual function of miR-1248 links interferon induction and calcium signaling defects in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"v. 48","author":"Jang","year":"2019","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-03063-6","article-title":"Circulating plasma derived exosomes from systemic lupus erythematosus aggravate lupus nephritis through miR-122-5p\/FOXO3-mediated macrophage activation","author":"Ji","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib46","first-page":"1","article-title":"A review of recent studies on the pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis: focus on fibrosis pathways","author":"Jimenez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib47","first-page":"1","article-title":"MicroRNA-21a-5p inhibition alleviates systemic sclerosis by targeting STAT3 signaling","volume":"v. 22","author":"Jin-Sil","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib48","article-title":"Tear miRNAs Identified in a Murine Model of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers and Indicators of Disease Mechanism","volume":"v. 13","author":"Kakan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3431","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-021-06368-z","article-title":"MicroRNA-30c attenuates fibrosis progression and vascular dysfunction in systemic sclerosis model mice","volume":"v. 48","author":"Kanno","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib50","article-title":"Epigenetic perspectives on systemic autoimmune disease","volume":"v. 104","author":"Karagianni","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib51","article-title":"The role of miRNAs in the regulation of autophagy in autoimmune diseases","volume":"v. 287","author":"Khodakarimi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"n. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11030452","article-title":"miRNAs as Biomarkers and Possible Therapeutic Strategies in Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"v. 11","author":"Kmio\u0142ek","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"n.12","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41041","article-title":"Regulation of Fibroblast Apoptosis and Proliferation by MicroRNA-125b in Systemic Sclerosis","volume":"v. 71","author":"Kozlova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatol."},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-043021-032611","article-title":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: New Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches","volume":"v. 74","author":"Lazar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Med."},{"issue":"n. 6","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2672","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab753","article-title":"Plasma exosomal RNAs have potential as both clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets of dermatomyositis","volume":"v. 61","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatol. (U. Kingd. )"},{"issue":"n. 6","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-024-2925-8","article-title":"Kaempferol Improved Rheumatoid Arthritis by Regulating the Immune Imbalance of Treg\/Th17","volume":"v. 44","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib57","first-page":"1","article-title":"MicroRNA-320a: an important regulator in the fibrotic process in interstitial lung disease of systemic sclerosis","volume":"v. 23","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. & Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib58","article-title":"Chemokines and lymphocyte homing in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"v. 15","author":"Liao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib59","first-page":"119","article-title":"MiR-30e-5p Deficiency Exerts an Inhibitory Effect on Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis via Regulating Atl2 Expression","volume":"v. 38","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.3109\/14397595.2014.1001311","article-title":"MicroRNA-130b regulates scleroderma fibrosis by targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor \u03b3","volume":"v.25","author":"Luo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mod. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"n. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2019.12.120","article-title":"microRNA-145 mediates xylosyltransferase-I induction in myofibroblasts via suppression of transcription factor KLF4","volume":"v. 523","author":"Ly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3497","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-019-03136-y","article-title":"MicroRNA expression studies: challenge of selecting reliable reference controls for data normalization","volume":"76","author":"Madadi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"issue":"n. 6","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27443","article-title":"MicroRNA-29, a key regulator of collagen expression in systemic sclerosis","volume":"v. 62","author":"Maurer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib64","article-title":"An update on epigenetic regulation in autoimmune diseases","volume":"v. 5","author":"Mei","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Transl. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib65","first-page":"1","article-title":"Unraveling the role of MiR-181 in skin fibrosis pathogenesis by targeting NUDT2","volume":"v. 38","author":"Mills","year":"2024","journal-title":"Faseb J."},{"issue":"n. 17","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib66","first-page":"2198","article-title":"Identification of Unique microRNA Profiles in Different Types of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy","volume":"v. 12","author":"Mu\u00f1oz-Braceras","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells (Basel Switz.)"},{"issue":"n. 8","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4065","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-023-01234-7","article-title":"MicroRNA as a potential biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus: pathogenesis and targeted therapy","volume":"23","author":"Naithani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Med. Med. V."},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-021-00728-6","article-title":"Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome: a systemic autoimmune disease","volume":"v. 22","author":"Negrini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib69","first-page":"1","article-title":"IL-13 mediates collagen deposition via STAT6 and microRNA-135b: a role for epigenetics","author":"O'Reilly","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-023-00244-1","article-title":"Comprehensive Overview of microRNA Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"v. 11","author":"Peng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bone Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib71","article-title":"Advances in cellular and molecular pathways of salivary gland damage in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"v. 15","author":"Qi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-017-1494-7","article-title":"Disease evolution in mixed connective tissue disease: Results from a long-term nationwide prospective cohort study","volume":"v. 19","author":"Reiseter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"issue":"n. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25041967","article-title":"Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis, Clinical Characterization, and Management of Dermatomyositis: A Narrative Review","volume":"v. 25","author":"Ricco","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/genes16091057","article-title":"Angiogenic microRNAs in Systemic Sclerosis: Insights into Microvascular Dysfunction and Therapeutic Implications","author":"Rusek","year":"2025","journal-title":"Genes. (Basel)"},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib75","article-title":"Plasma levels of miR-21b and miR-146a can discriminate rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis and severity","volume":"v. 15","author":"Sarhan","year":"2025","journal-title":"BioMedicine (Taiwan)"},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib76","first-page":"30","article-title":"Plasma Levels of miR-21b and miR-146a Can Discriminate Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis and Severity","volume":"v. 15","author":"Sarhan","year":"2025","journal-title":"BioMedicine"},{"issue":"n. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-020-03960-y","article-title":"Implications of microRNA 21 and its involvement in the treatment of different type of arthritis","volume":"v. 476","author":"Sekar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"issue":"n. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib78","article-title":"Trials and Tribulations of MicroRNA Therapeutics","volume":"v. 25","author":"Seyhan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib79","article-title":"Challenges and Promise of Targeting miRNA in Rheumatic Diseases: A Computational Approach to Identify miRNA Association with Cell Types, Cytokines, and Disease Mechanisms","volume":"v. 14","author":"Shaikh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"n. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.2478\/jtim-2022-0055","article-title":"Microarray Analysis of Microrna Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis","volume":"v. 12","author":"Shi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Transl. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13051216","article-title":"MicroRNAs in Systemic Sclerosis: Involvement in Disease Pathogenesis and Potential Use as Diagnostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets","author":"Shumnalieva","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib82","article-title":"Identification and Contribution of Inflammation-Induced Novel MicroRNA in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"v. 13","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib83","article-title":"Pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis: an integrative review of recent advances","author":"Son","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Rheum. Dis."},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9010161","article-title":"The Serum Cell-Free microRNA Expression Profile in MCTD, SLE, SSc, and RA Patients","volume":"v. 9","author":"Stypinska","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-020-02403-9","article-title":"Association study between immune-related miRNAs and mixed connective tissue disease","volume":"23","author":"Stypi\u0144ska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"issue":"n. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2023.103513","article-title":"Childhood Mixed Connective Tissue Disease at Disease Onset: Evidence from a Systematic Review","volume":"v. 23","author":"Terminiello","year":"2024","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib87","first-page":"31","article-title":"Expression profiling of signal transducer and activator of transcription3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma in south Indian population","author":"Thomas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Minerva Dent. Oral. Sci. V."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib88","article-title":"Exploring the Role of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 in Fibroblast-like Synovial Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"v. 9","author":"Tong","year":"2021","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.122.001234","article-title":"RNAi-Based Therapeutics and Novel RNA Bioengineering Technologies","volume":"v. 384","author":"Traber","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"issue":"n. 5","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib90","first-page":"259","article-title":"MicroRNA-34a-3p and its target tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 in the regulation of South Indian oral squamous cell carcinoma population","volume":"v. 73","author":"Varshan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Minerva Dent. Oral. Sci."},{"issue":"n. 5","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.02.019","article-title":"Targeted deletion reveals essential and overlapping functions of the miR-17\u201392 family of miRNA clusters","volume":"v. 132","author":"Ventura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"n. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-70","article-title":"Autophagy-Related Genes Are Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers for Dermatomyositis","volume":"v. 10","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2022.103213","article-title":"Updated insight into the role of Th2-associated immunity in systemic lupus erythematosus","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib94","article-title":"Association between genetic variants of microRNA-21 and microRNA-155 and systemic lupus erythematosus: A case-control study from a Chinese population","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Lab. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib95","article-title":"Regulation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a cross-talk between TGF-\u03b2 signaling and MicroRNAs","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1080\/21655979.2020.1870321","article-title":"MicroRNA-146a-5p enhances T helper 17 cell differentiation via decreasing a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 level in primary sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"v. 12","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioengineered"},{"issue":"n. 11","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-022-06286-w","article-title":"The Enigma of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease-Challenges in Routine Care","volume":"v. 41","author":"Wanzenried","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"n. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1575","article-title":"Lymphoproliferative disease and autoimmunity in mice with increased miR-17-92 expression in lymphocytes","volume":"v. 9","author":"Xiao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2023.03.017","article-title":"Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes alleviate skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis by inhibiting the IL-33\/ST2 axis via the delivery of microRNA-214","volume":"v. 157","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"issue":"n. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-025-06154-8","article-title":"LncRNA-ANRIL\/miR-34a-Mediated Polarization of Rheumatoid Arthritis Macrophages to Regulate the Adhesion, Morphology, and Survival of Fibroblasts","volume":"v. 20","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Surg. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib101","first-page":"1","article-title":"Targeting miR-155 to Treat Experimental Scleroderma","volume":"v. 6","author":"Yan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"n. 6","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13060877","article-title":"MiRNA-Based Therapies for Lung Cancer: Opportunities and Challenges?","volume":"v. 13","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"n. 11","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.719","article-title":"Upregulation of microRNA-762 suppresses the expression of GIPC3 in systemic lupus erythematosus and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"v. 10","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immun. Inflamm. Dis."},{"issue":"n. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2640","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.202308","article-title":"MiR-16-5p suppresses myofibroblast activation in systemic sclerosis by inhibiting NOTCH signaling","volume":"v. 13","author":"Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib105","article-title":"Inhibition of miRNA associated with a disease-specific signature and secreted via extracellular vesicles of systemic lupus erythematosus patients suppresses target organ inflammation in a humanized mouse model","author":"Young","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.4103\/bbrj.bbrj_142_24","article-title":"Serum miR-124a and miR-34a as Potential Biomarkers for Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"8","author":"Zamzam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Biotechnol. Res. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2024.020501","article-title":"Preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical considerations in circulating microRNAs measurement","volume":"34","author":"Zendjabil","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochem. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib108","series-title":"Cells","article-title":"Role of miRNAs in Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy","author":"Zhang","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib109","article-title":"Gancao Fuzi Decoction Regulates the Th17\/Treg Cell Imbalance in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Targeting Foxp3 via miR-34a","volume":"v. 301","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib110","article-title":"The identification of circular RNAs from peripheral blood mononuclear cells in systemic lupus erythematosus","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Med. Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib111","article-title":"Plasma-Derived Exosomal Hsa-miR-4488 and Hsa-miR-1228-5p: Novel Biomarkers for Dermatomyositis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease with Anti-Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Protein 5 Antibody-Positive Subset","volume":"2021","author":"Zhong","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib112","first-page":"1","article-title":"Integration of microRNA and mRNA expression profiles in the skin of systemic sclerosis patients","volume":"v. 7","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"n.4","key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib113","first-page":"1","article-title":"Exosomal miR-126-3p: Potential protection against vascular damage by regulating the SLC7A5\/mTOR Signalling pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells","volume":"v. 99","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Scand. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003_bib114","article-title":"The shedding protease ADAM17: Physiology and pathophysiology","author":"Zunke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochim. Et. Biophys. Acta - Mol. Cell. Res. Elsevier B. V."}],"container-title":["Molecular Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016158902600218X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016158902600218X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T05:14:51Z","timestamp":1792214091000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S016158902600218X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":114,"alternative-id":["S016158902600218X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-5890"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-5890","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"MicroRNAs in autoimmune connective tissue diseases: Pathogenic roles, clinical implications, and therapeutic potential","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molimm.2026.10.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}