{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T06:18:40Z","timestamp":1768457920537,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,22]],"date-time":"2020-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]],"date-time":"2020-08-26T06:25:15Z","timestamp":1598423115000},"page":"101067","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Gut microbiota impairs insulin clearance in obese mice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Kevin P.","family":"Foley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soumaya","family":"Zlitni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brittany M.","family":"Duggan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole G.","family":"Barra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando F.","family":"Anh\u00ea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph F.","family":"Cavallari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brandyn D.","family":"Henriksbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cassandra Y.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trevor C.","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roxanne","family":"Plante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Schwab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Marette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1547-5856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan D.","family":"Schertzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2018.03.018","article-title":"Mild suppression of hyperinsulinemia to treat obesity and insulin resistance","volume":"29","author":"Page","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism"},{"issue":"Supplement 2","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S262","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-s264","article-title":"Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia","volume":"31","author":"Shanik","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2012.10.019","article-title":"Hyperinsulinemia drives diet-induced obesity independently of brain insulin production","volume":"16","author":"Mehran","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Metabolism"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4511-0","article-title":"Adapting to insulin resistance in obesity: role of insulin secretion and clearance","volume":"61","author":"Jung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S434 LP","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.2007.S434","article-title":"The multiple actions of GLP-1 on the process of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion","volume":"51","author":"MacDonald","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01869-7","article-title":"Neuronal signals regulate obesity induced \u03b2-cell proliferation by FoxM1 dependent mechanism","volume":"8","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5010","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/dds339","article-title":"Pancreatic beta-cell function and type 2 diabetes risk: quantify the causal effect using a Mendelian randomization approach based on meta-analyses","volume":"21","author":"Song","year":"2012","journal-title":"Human Molecular Genetics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-005-1915-z","article-title":"Reduced insulin clearance contributes to the increased insulin levels after administration of glucagon-like peptide 1 in mice","volume":"48","author":"Ahr\u00e9n","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2273","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201802095","article-title":"The cell biology of systemic insulin function","volume":"217","author":"Tokarz","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Journal of Cell Biology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00048.2018","article-title":"Hepatic insulin clearance: mechanism and physiology","volume":"34","author":"Najjar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E966","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.2001.281.5.E966","article-title":"Insulin and C-peptide secretion and kinetics in humans: direct and model-based measurements during OGTT","volume":"281","author":"Tura","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129 LP","DOI":"10.2337\/db18-0539","article-title":"Hepatic insulin clearance in regulation of systemic insulin concentrations\u2014role of carbohydrate and energy availability","volume":"67","author":"Bojsen-M\u00f8ller","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12717","article-title":"Impaired insulin clearance as a cause rather than a consequence of insulin resistance","volume":"8","author":"Watada","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1038\/s41540-018-0051-6","article-title":"Increase in hepatic and decrease in peripheral insulin clearance characterize abnormal temporal patterns of serum insulin in diabetic subjects","volume":"4","author":"Ohashi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Npj Systems Biology and Applications"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9802","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27667","article-title":"Hyperinsulinemia is associated with increasing insulin secretion but not with decreasing insulin clearance in an age-related metabolic dysfunction mice model","volume":"234","author":"Kurauti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular Physiology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3634","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1700820","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide potentiates insulin-driven hypoglycemic shock","volume":"199","author":"Hagar","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/87.5.1219","article-title":"Energy intake is associated with endotoxemia in apparently healthy men","volume":"87","author":"Amar","year":"2008","journal-title":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15718","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0407076101","article-title":"The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage","volume":"101","author":"B\u00e4ckhed","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4681","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07146-5","article-title":"Long term but not short term exposure to obesity related microbiota promotes host insulin resistance","volume":"9","author":"Foley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.01.062","article-title":"Host genotype and gut microbiome modulate insulin secretion and diet-induced metabolic phenotypes","volume":"18","author":"Kreznar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201404169","article-title":"Defective NOD2 peptidoglycan sensing promotes diet-induced inflammation, dysbiosis, and insulin resistance","volume":"7","author":"Denou","year":"2015","journal-title":"EMBO Molecular Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-1372","article-title":"A\u00a0transgenic mouse model to study glucose transporter 4myc regulation in skeletal muscle","volume":"150","author":"Schertzer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3742","DOI":"10.2337\/db13-1398","article-title":"Fluvastatin causes NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated adipose insulin resistance","volume":"63","author":"Henriksbo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"W1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W256","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz239","article-title":"Interactive Tree of Life (iTOL) v4: recent updates and new developments","volume":"47","author":"Letunic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Research"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2014.2346248","article-title":"UpSet: visualization of intersecting sets","volume":"20","author":"Lex","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib26","series-title":"Vegan: community Ecology Package.itle","author":"Oksanen","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","article-title":"Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing","volume":"57","author":"Benjamini","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B (Methodological)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib28","first-page":"4948","article-title":"Germ-free C57BL\/6J mice are resistant to high-fat-diet-induced insulin resistance and have altered cholesterol metabolism","volume":"24","author":"Rabot","year":"2010","journal-title":"The FASEB Journal: Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2017.03.002","article-title":"Age-associated microbial dysbiosis promotes intestinal permeability, systemic inflammation, and macrophage dysfunction","volume":"21","author":"Thevaranjan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Host and Microbe"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-14676-4","article-title":"Gut microbiota mediates intermittent-fasting alleviation of diabetes-induced cognitive impairment","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-020-0178-9","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes influences bacterial tissue compartmentalisation in human obesity","volume":"2","author":"Anh\u00ea","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature Metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2015.06.001","article-title":"The gut microbiota regulates intestinal CD4 T cells expressing ROR\u03b3t and controls metabolic disease","volume":"22","author":"Garidou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Metabolism"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.7570\/jomes.2017.26.3.161","article-title":"Intestinal microbiota contributes to energy balance, metabolic inflammation, and insulin resistance in obesity","volume":"26","author":"Cavallari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E111","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00485.2019","article-title":"Glucose alters the symbiotic relationships between gut microbiota and host physiology","volume":"318","author":"Anh\u00ea","year":"2020","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2013.03.007","article-title":"Diabetes, obesity and gut microbiota","volume":"27","author":"Everard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1038\/nature18646","article-title":"Human gut microbes impact host serum metabolome and insulin sensitivity","volume":"535","author":"Pedersen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1089","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00306.2005","article-title":"Effects of portal free fatty acid elevation on insulin clearance and hepatic glucose flux","volume":"290","author":"Yoshii","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20625","article-title":"Hepatic insulin clearance is the primary determinant of insulin sensitivity in the normal dog","volume":"22","author":"Ader","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E203","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00037.2020","article-title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation from high caloric-fed donors alters glucose metabolism in recipient mice, independently of adiposity or exercise status","volume":"319","author":"Zoll","year":"2020","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E747","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00196.2015","article-title":"CB1R antagonist increases hepatic insulin clearance in fat-fed dogs likely via upregulation of liver adiponectin receptors","volume":"309","author":"Kabir","year":"2015","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-019-0190-3","article-title":"Intestinal lysozyme liberates Nod1 ligands from microbes to direct insulin trafficking in pancreatic beta cells","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Research"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2206","DOI":"10.2337\/db11-0004","article-title":"NOD1 activators link innate immunity to insulin resistance","volume":"60","author":"Schertzer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"July","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-1491","article-title":"Metabolic endotoxemia initiated obesity and insulin resistance","volume":"56","author":"Cani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2017.03.021","article-title":"Muramyl dipeptide-based postbiotics mitigate obesity-induced insulin resistance via IRF4","volume":"25","author":"Cavallari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Metabolism"}],"container-title":["Molecular Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212877820301411?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212877820301411?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:25:19Z","timestamp":1761956719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2212877820301411"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S2212877820301411"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-8778"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2212-8778","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Gut microbiota impairs insulin clearance in obese mice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Metabolism","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101067","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier GmbH.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101067"}}