{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:30:52Z","timestamp":1787499052167,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK075167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK075167"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK055107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK055107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK055105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK055105"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK075073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK075073"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK075088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK075088"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK075087-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK075087-06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000016","name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000016","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010842","name":"Temple University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010842","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T15:01:16Z","timestamp":1776783676000},"page":"102371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A distinct vagus-beta cell neural circuit senses glucose and modulates insulin secretion"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Santosh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Jae","family":"Bahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Hyeon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Noguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Baena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zulfeqhar A.","family":"Syed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sungyoung","family":"Auh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Lutas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Krashes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2011-5281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sushil G.","family":"Rane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib1","series-title":"The control of hunger in health and disease","author":"Carlson","year":"1916"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib2","series-title":"The mechanical factors of digestion","author":"Cannon","year":"1911"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM195307022490104","article-title":"Glucostatic mechanism of regulation of food intake","volume":"249","author":"Mayer","year":"1953","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1955.tb36543.x","article-title":"Regulation of energy intake and the body weight: the glucostatic theory and the lipostatic hypothesis","volume":"63","author":"Mayer","year":"1955","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1952.168.3.812","article-title":"Blood glucose and food intake in normal and hypophysectomized, alloxan-treated rats","volume":"168","author":"Mayer","year":"1952","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(86)90250-9","article-title":"Functional coupling between transient declines in blood glucose and feeding behavior: temporal relationships","volume":"17","author":"Campfield","year":"1986","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib7","series-title":"Le\u00e7ons de physiologie exp\u00e9rimentale appliqu\u00e9e \u00e0 la m\u00e9decine, faites au Coll\u00e8ge de France","author":"Bernard","year":"1855"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00236","article-title":"Hypothalamic glucose sensing: making ends meet","volume":"8","author":"Routh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Syst Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2018-00226","article-title":"Central mechanisms of glucose sensing and counterregulation in defense of hypoglycemia","volume":"40","author":"Stanley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7742(02)51007-2","article-title":"CNS sensing and regulation of peripheral glucose levels","volume":"51","author":"Levin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int Rev Neurobiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2018.05.001","article-title":"Hypothalamic control of systemic glucose homeostasis: the pancreas connection","volume":"29","author":"Pozo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metabol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib12","first-page":"141","article-title":"Pancreatic extracts in the treatment of diabetes mellitus","volume":"12","author":"Banting","year":"1922","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-90-1-227","article-title":"Conditioned insulin secretion and hypoglycemia following repeated injections of tolbutamide in rats","volume":"90","author":"Woods","year":"1972","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2021.12.020","article-title":"A distinct hypothalamus-to-beta cell circuit modulates insulin secretion","volume":"34","author":"Papazoglou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.12.020","article-title":"Internal senses of the vagus nerve","volume":"110","author":"Prescott","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1566-0702(00)00215-0","article-title":"Functional and chemical anatomy of the afferent vagal system","volume":"85","author":"Berthoud","year":"2000","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G576","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00214.2021","article-title":"Brain-gut communication: vagovagal reflexes interconnect the two \u201cbrains\u201d","volume":"321","author":"Powley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2016.76","article-title":"Vagal neurocircuitry and its influence on gastric motility","volume":"13","author":"Travagli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(83)90395-6","article-title":"Extrinsic innervation of the rat pancreas: demonstration of vagal sensory neurones in the rat by retrograde tracing","volume":"42","author":"Sharkey","year":"1983","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(89)90015-5","article-title":"Vagal afferent fibers almost exclusively innervate islets in the rat pancreas as demonstrated by anterograde tracing","volume":"29","author":"Neuhuber","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Auton Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.16.7.443","article-title":"Effect of vagotomy and vagal stimulation on insulin secretion","volume":"16","author":"Frohman","year":"1967","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"1 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib22","first-page":"R160","article-title":"Localization of vagal preganglionics that stimulate insulin and glucagon secretion","volume":"258","author":"Berthoud","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-023-01113-2","article-title":"Optogenetic stimulation of vagal nerves for enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and beta cell proliferation","volume":"8","author":"Kawana","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.10.034","article-title":"Pancreatic beta-cells communicate with vagal sensory neurons","volume":"160","author":"Makhmutova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"6261","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"aac4250","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aac4250","article-title":"Pancreatic beta cell enhancers regulate rhythmic transcription of genes controlling insulin secretion","volume":"350","author":"Perelis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2334","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0510790103","article-title":"The unique cytoarchitecture of human pancreatic islets has implications for islet cell function","volume":"103","author":"Cabrera","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2014.01.010","article-title":"Islet cell plasticity and regeneration","volume":"3","author":"Migliorini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Metabol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2011.05.008","article-title":"Innervation patterns of autonomic axons in the human endocrine pancreas","volume":"14","author":"Rodriguez-Diaz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00319036","article-title":"Synaptophysin immunoreactivity in the Mammalian endocrine pancreas","volume":"264","author":"Redecker","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1679\/aohc1950.42.277","article-title":"Proposal of a a neurosecretory system in the pancreas. An electron microscope study in the dog","volume":"42","author":"Fujita","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch Histol Jpn"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(77)90110-7","article-title":"Electron microscopy of adrenergic, cholinergic, and \u201cp-type\u201d nerves in the myometrium and a special kind of synaptic contacts with smooth muscle cells","volume":"127","author":"Sporrong","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.08.049","article-title":"A neural circuit for gut-induced reward","volume":"175","author":"Han","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"6408","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat5236","article-title":"A gut-brain neural circuit for nutrient sensory transduction","volume":"361","author":"Kaelberer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.11.010","article-title":"New modules are added to vibrissal premotor circuitry with the emergence of exploratory whisking","volume":"77","author":"Takatoh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"6540","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf1230","article-title":"Barcoded viral tracing of single-cell interactions in central nervous system inflammation","volume":"372","author":"Clark","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.12.027","article-title":"Integrated control of predatory hunting by the central nucleus of the amygdala","volume":"168","author":"Han","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-08098-1","article-title":"A subcortical feeding circuit linking an interoceptive node to jaw movement","volume":"636","author":"Kosse","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.49291","article-title":"Monosynaptic tracing maps brain-wide afferent oligodendrocyte precursor cell connectivity","volume":"8","author":"Mount","year":"2019","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.08.029","article-title":"Identification of spinal neurons contributing to the dorsal column projection mediating fine touch and corrective motor movements","volume":"104","author":"Paixao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.12.014","article-title":"A novel reticular node in the brainstem synchronizes neonatal mouse crying with breathing","volume":"110","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"7825","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2683-0","article-title":"Violet-light suppression of thermogenesis by opsin 5 hypothalamic neurons","volume":"585","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-014-3468-5","article-title":"Ins1(Cre) knock-in mice for beta cell-specific gene recombination","volume":"58","author":"Thorens","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.04.096","article-title":"An Atlas of vagal sensory neurons and their molecular specialization","volume":"27","author":"Kupari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib44","article-title":"An interorgan neuroimmune circuit promotes visceral hypersensitivity","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Res Sq"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.01.045","article-title":"Blunted vagal Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript promotes Hyperphagia and weight gain","volume":"30","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2493","article-title":"CART peptides: regulators of body weight, reward and other functions","volume":"9","author":"Rogge","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170708","article-title":"The role of CART in islet biology","volume":"149","author":"Wierup","year":"2022","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2023.07.010","article-title":"Vagal pathways for systemic regulation of glucose metabolism","volume":"156","author":"Borgmann","year":"2024","journal-title":"Semin Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2023.07.009","article-title":"Vagal sensory pathway for the gut-brain communication","volume":"156","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Semin Cell Dev Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib50","first-page":"565","article-title":"Mechanisms and physiological significance of the cholinergic control of pancreatic beta-cell function","volume":"22","author":"Gilon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00008.2017","article-title":"Pancreatic beta-cell electrical activity and insulin secretion: of mice and men","volume":"98","author":"Rorsman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.06.003","article-title":"Reduced CCK-induced Fos expression in the hindbrain, nodose ganglia, and enteric neurons of rats lacking CCK-1 receptors","volume":"1051","author":"Covasa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib53","first-page":"61","article-title":"Physiological and morphological effects of long-term vagal stimulation in diet induced obesity in rats","volume":"60","author":"Gil","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2004.09.002","article-title":"Activation in vagal afferents and central autonomic pathways: early responses to intestinal infection with Campylobacter jejuni","volume":"19","author":"Goehler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib55","article-title":"Activity in nodose ganglia neurons after treatment with CP 55,940 and cholecystokinin","volume":"6","author":"Johnston","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.09.060","article-title":"Neurochemical phenotype of vagal afferent neurons activated to express C-FOS in response to luminal stimulation in the rat","volume":"130","author":"Wu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2013.10.012","article-title":"Vagal afferents mediate antinociception of estrogen in a rat model of visceral pain: the involvement of intestinal mucosal mast cells and 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 signaling","volume":"15","author":"Yan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2010.187443","article-title":"Glucose and the vagus: sensory cells savour sweet substances","volume":"588","author":"Browning","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2009.182147","article-title":"Electrophysiological identification of glucose-sensing neurons in rat nodose ganglia","volume":"588","author":"Grabauskas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1978.sp012477","article-title":"Vagal glucoreceptors in the small intestine of the cat","volume":"282","author":"Mei","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1179276","article-title":"The effects of targeted vagus nerve stimulation on glucose homeostasis in STZ-induced diabetic rodents","volume":"17","author":"Dirr","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36298-z","article-title":"Glucose activates vagal control of hyperglycemia and inflammation in fasted mice","volume":"9","author":"Joseph","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s42234-019-0025-z","article-title":"Identification of hypoglycemia-specific neural signals by decoding murine vagus nerve activity","volume":"5","author":"Masi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioelectron Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib64","article-title":"Blood glucose modulation and safety of efferent vagus nerve stimulation in a type 2 diabetic rat model","volume":"10","author":"Payne","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phys Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2021.05.002","article-title":"Gut-brain communication by distinct sensory neurons differently controls feeding and glucose metabolism","volume":"33","author":"Borgmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2007.08.024","article-title":"The vagus nerve, food intake and obesity","volume":"149","author":"Berthoud","year":"2008","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.07.084","article-title":"A Vagal-NTS neural pathway that stimulates feeding","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(00)00464-0","article-title":"The role of gastrointestinal vagal afferents in the control of food intake: current prospects","volume":"16","author":"Schwartz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-89465-0","article-title":"Both high fat and high carbohydrate diets impair vagus nerve signaling of satiety","volume":"11","author":"Loper","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib70","article-title":"Asymmetric control of food intake by left and right vagal sensory neurons","author":"de Araujo","year":"2023","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1972.223.6.1424","article-title":"Conditioned hypoglycemia: effect of vagotomy and pharmacological blockade","volume":"223","author":"Woods","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.13.11.874","article-title":"The effect of vagotomy on gastric adaptation","volume":"13","author":"Carter","year":"1972","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.14.8.657","article-title":"The effects of varying the extent of the vagotomy on the myoelectrical and motor activity of the stomach","volume":"14","author":"Stoddard","year":"1973","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.16.12.951","article-title":"Effect of vagotomy on secretin release in man","volume":"16","author":"Ward","year":"1975","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"4513","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6168020","article-title":"Release of immunoreactive serotonin into the lumen of the feline gut in response to vagal nerve stimulation","volume":"213","author":"Ahlman","year":"1981","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.19.3.185","article-title":"Vagal stimulation and its role in eliciting gastrin but not glucagon release from the isolated perfused dog stomach","volume":"19","author":"Lefebvre","year":"1978","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.10.031","article-title":"Genetic identification of vagal sensory neurons that control feeding","volume":"179","author":"Bai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3670","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83361-3","article-title":"Optogenetic stimulation of cholinergic fibers for the modulation of insulin and glycemia","volume":"11","author":"Fontaine","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.01.004","article-title":"Rabies virus CVS-N2c(DeltaG) strain enhances retrograde synaptic transfer and neuronal viability","volume":"89","author":"Reardon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.03.022","article-title":"Vagal sensory neuron subtypes that differentially control breathing","volume":"161","author":"Chang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2023.04.025","article-title":"Prox2 and Runx3 vagal sensory neurons regulate esophageal motility","volume":"111","author":"Lowenstein","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.011","article-title":"Sensory neurons that detect stretch and nutrients in the digestive system","volume":"166","author":"Williams","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0067198","article-title":"Insulin activates vagal afferent neurons including those innervating pancreas via insulin Cascade and Ca(2+) influx: its dysfunction in IRS2-KO mice with hyperphagic obesity","volume":"8","author":"Iwasaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6680","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1038\/29993","article-title":"Hypothalamic CART is a new anorectic peptide regulated by leptin","volume":"393","author":"Kristensen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2023.1198042","article-title":"Axonal mapping of the motor cranial nerves","volume":"17","author":"Tereshenko","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neuroanat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib86","first-page":"227","article-title":"Fibre composition of the hypoglossal nerve in the rat","volume":"172","author":"O\u2019Reilly","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00301822","article-title":"Afferent neurons of the hypoglossal nerve of the rat as demonstrated by horseradish peroxidase tracing","volume":"158","author":"Neuhuber","year":"1980","journal-title":"Anat Embryol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(88)91069-4","article-title":"Reflex effects evoked by stimulation of hypoglossal afferent fibers","volume":"445","author":"Zapata","year":"1988","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-020-00468-9","article-title":"Whole-brain monosynaptic inputs to hypoglossal motor neurons in mice","volume":"36","author":"Guo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2398212818812012","article-title":"Central control of autonomic function","volume":"2","author":"Coote","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Neurosci Adv"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012439510709","article-title":"Nerve cells associated with the endocrine pancreas in young mice: an ultrastructural analysis of the neuroinsular complex type I","volume":"33","author":"Persson-Sjogren","year":"2001","journal-title":"Histochem J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/S0083-6729(08)00616-X","article-title":"Insulin granule biogenesis, trafficking and exocytosis","volume":"80","author":"Hou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vitam Horm"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2010.06.003","article-title":"The insulin secretory granule as a signaling hub","volume":"21","author":"Suckale","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metabol"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.0745p.x","article-title":"CaM kinase II-dependent mobilization of secretory granules underlies acetylcholine-induced stimulation of exocytosis in mouse pancreatic B-cells","volume":"518","author":"Gromada","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"6778","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/35007534","article-title":"Central nervous system control of food intake","volume":"404","author":"Schwartz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.06.014","article-title":"Toward a wiring diagram understanding of appetite control","volume":"95","author":"Andermann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00010.2007","article-title":"Brain glucose sensing, counterregulation, and energy homeostasis","volume":"22","author":"Marty","year":"2007","journal-title":"Physiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2006.036004","article-title":"Glucose sensing by hypothalamic neurones and pancreatic islet cells: AMPle evidence for common mechanisms?","volume":"92","author":"Mountjoy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.2174\/157339911794940701","article-title":"Hypothalamic glucose sensing and glycaemic disease","volume":"7","author":"Osundiji","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Diabetes Rev"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2011.01453.x","article-title":"Brain glucose sensing and neural regulation of insulin and glucagon secretion","volume":"13","author":"Thorens","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metabol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-021-05395-6","article-title":"Hypothalamic glucose-sensing mechanisms","volume":"64","author":"Yoon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.11.001","article-title":"Revisiting how the brain senses glucose-and why","volume":"29","author":"Bentsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2371","article-title":"Alpha cells secrete acetylcholine as a non-neuronal paracrine signal priming beta cell function in humans","volume":"17","author":"Rodriguez-Diaz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"7779","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1675-4","article-title":"A glucose-sensing neuron pair regulates insulin and glucagon in Drosophila","volume":"574","author":"Oh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.2337\/db19-0072","article-title":"Heterogeneity of the human pancreatic islet","volume":"68","author":"Dybala","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib106","first-page":"115","article-title":"The influence of selective pancreatic denervation on plasma insulin and glucose tolerance in dogs","volume":"8","author":"Fischer","year":"1982","journal-title":"Diabete Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2016.12.025","article-title":"Transient receptor potential vanilloid 6 (TRPV6) in the mouse brain: distribution and estrous cycle-related changes in the hypothalamus","volume":"344","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"7804","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2199-7","article-title":"The gut-brain axis mediates sugar preference","volume":"580","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.66173","article-title":"An open-source device for measuring food intake and operant behavior in rodent home-cages","volume":"10","author":"Matikainen-Ankney","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12466","article-title":"Transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5), a highly Ca(2+) -selective TRP channel in the rat brain: relevance to neuroendocrine regulation","volume":"29","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-020-01018-x","article-title":"Cellpose: a generalist algorithm for cellular segmentation","volume":"18","author":"Stringer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Methods"}],"container-title":["Molecular Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212877826000554?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212877826000554?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T18:03:11Z","timestamp":1783188191000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2212877826000554"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":111,"alternative-id":["S2212877826000554"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-8778"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2212-8778","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A distinct vagus-beta cell neural circuit senses glucose and modulates insulin secretion","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Metabolism","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molmet.2026.102371","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier GmbH.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102371"}}