{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T09:36:56Z","timestamp":1777628216150,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EFRE HSB 2018 0019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EFRE HSB 2018 0019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31-208029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31-208029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IDs 31-179319"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDs 31-179319"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["molpharm.aspetjournals.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T19:04:54Z","timestamp":1745262294000},"page":"100041","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Isoprenaline shows unique kinase dependencies in stimulating \u03b21AR\u2013\u03b2-arrestin2 interaction compared to endogenous catecholamines"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7760-5900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edda S.F.","family":"Matthees","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca E.","family":"Kletzin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arnelle","family":"L\u00f6bbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jana S.","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolin","family":"Gro\u00dfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alvar D.","family":"Gossert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carsten","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.231233","article-title":"G protein coupled receptor kinases as therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease","volume":"109","author":"Belmonte","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8879","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.24.8879","article-title":"Functional desensitization of the isolated beta-adrenergic receptor by the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase: potential role of an analog of the retinal protein arrestin (48-kDa protein)","volume":"84","author":"Benovic","year":"1987","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14067","article-title":"Endophilin marks and controls a clathrin-independent endocytic pathway","volume":"517","author":"Boucrot","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.59.3.297","article-title":"Beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic-receptor subpopulations in nonfailing and failing human ventricular myocardium: coupling of both receptor subtypes to muscle contraction and selective beta 1-receptor down-regulation in heart failure","volume":"59","author":"Bristow","year":"1986","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7258(93)90030-H","article-title":"Beta-adrenoceptors in cardiac disease","volume":"60","author":"Brodde","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(25)06780-8","article-title":"International Union of Pharmacology nomenclature of adrenoceptors","volume":"46","author":"Bylund","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2015.05.019","article-title":"GPCR signaling and cardiac function","volume":"763","author":"Capote","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)34116-X","volume":"265","author":"Chijiwa","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6400","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.11.6400","article-title":"Low- and high-level transgenic expression of beta2-adrenergic receptors differentially affect cardiac hypertrophy and function in Galphaq-overexpressing mice","volume":"96","author":"Dorn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28152-8","article-title":"GPCR kinase knockout cells reveal the impact of individual GRKs on arrestin binding and GPCR regulation","volume":"13","author":"Drube","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0079-1","article-title":"Catalytic activation of beta-arrestin by GPCRs","volume":"557","author":"Eichel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb3307","article-title":"Beta-arrestin drives MAP kinase signalling from clathrin-coated structures after GPCR dissociation","volume":"18","author":"Eichel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2424","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22603-4","article-title":"Cdk5 and GSK3beta inhibit fast endophilin-mediated endocytosis","volume":"12","author":"Ferreira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000013788.71817.16","article-title":"The \"unsympathetic\" nervous system of heart failure","volume":"105","author":"Floras","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17953","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.30.17953","article-title":"Phosphorylation and desensitization of the human beta 1-adrenergic receptor. Involvement of G protein-coupled receptor kinases and cAMP-dependent protein kinase","volume":"270","author":"Freedman","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21135","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M313652200","article-title":"Role of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase in homologous resensitization of the beta1-adrenergic receptor","volume":"279","author":"Gardner","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.04.018","article-title":"Plasma membrane preassociation drives beta-arrestin coupling to receptors and activation","volume":"186","author":"Grimes","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5638","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33307-8","article-title":"\u03b2-arrestin1 and 2 exhibit distinct phosphorylation-dependent conformations when coupling to the same GPCR in living cells","volume":"13","author":"Haider","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0176450","article-title":"Two serines in the distal C-terminus of the human ss1-adrenoceptor determine ss-arrestin2 recruitment","volume":"12","author":"Hinz","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-003-0860-y","article-title":"Comparative pharmacology of human beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes--characterization of stably transfected receptors in CHO cells","volume":"369","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.04.044","article-title":"Illuminating G-protein-coupling selectivity of GPCRs","volume":"177","author":"Inoue","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05575-3","article-title":"An atlas of substrate specificities for the human serine\/threonine kinome","volume":"613","author":"Johnson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03819-2","article-title":"Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold","volume":"596","author":"Jumper","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0409532102","article-title":"Functional antagonism of different G protein-coupled receptor kinases for beta-arrestin-mediated angiotensin II receptor signaling","volume":"102","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.11.014","article-title":"How GPCR phosphorylation patterns orchestrate arrestin-mediated signaling","volume":"183","author":"Latorraca","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199309040-00005","article-title":"Adverse reactions with beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs. An update","volume":"9","author":"Lewis","year":"1993","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib27","article-title":"Multi-faceted roles of \u03b2-arrestins in G protein-coupled receptors endocytosis","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000102042.83024.CA","article-title":"What is the role of beta-adrenergic signaling in heart failure?","volume":"93","author":"Lohse","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.2174\/138161212799040510","article-title":"GRK2 inhibition in heart failure: something old, something new","volume":"18","author":"Lymperopoulos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1124\/pharmrev.123.000831","article-title":"Adrenoceptor desensitization: current understanding of mechanisms","volume":"76","author":"Maaliki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib31","first-page":"99","article-title":"Beta-adrenergic receptor signaling in cardiac function and heart failure","volume":"10","author":"Madamanchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mcgill J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12670","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.18.12670","article-title":"A gain-of-function polymorphism in a G-protein coupling domain of the human beta1-adrenergic receptor","volume":"274","author":"Mason","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06490-1","article-title":"GRK specificity and Gbetagamma dependency determines the potential of a GPCR for arrestin-biased agonism","volume":"7","author":"Matthees","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.687489","article-title":"Differential regulation of GPCRs-Are GRK expression levels the key?","volume":"9","author":"Matthees","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09817","article-title":"Beta-arrestin2 improves post-myocardial infarction heart failure via sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase-dependent positive inotropy in cardiomyocytes","volume":"70","author":"McCrink","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12178","article-title":"Monitoring G protein-coupled receptor and beta-arrestin trafficking in live cells using enhanced bystander BRET","volume":"7","author":"Namkung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37215","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C400302200","article-title":"Novel single chain cAMP sensors for receptor-induced signal propagation","volume":"279","author":"Nikolaev","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.2001707","article-title":"Distinct phosphorylation sites on the beta(2)-adrenergic receptor establish a barcode that encodes differential functions of beta-arrestin","volume":"4","author":"Nobles","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17198","article-title":"Beta-arrestin biosensors reveal a rapid, receptor-dependent activation\/deactivation cycle","volume":"531","author":"Nuber","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32248","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.45.32248","article-title":"Association of beta-arrestin with G protein-coupled receptors during clathrin-mediated endocytosis dictates the profile of receptor resensitization","volume":"274","author":"Oakley","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17201","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M910348199","article-title":"Differential affinities of visual arrestin, beta arrestin1, and beta arrestin2 for G protein-coupled receptors delineate two major classes of receptors","volume":"275","author":"Oakley","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2005.09.011","article-title":"Mechanisms of regulation of G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) and cardiovascular disease","volume":"69","author":"Penela","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.116.013367","article-title":"The diverse roles of arrestin scaffolds in G protein-coupled receptor signaling","volume":"69","author":"Peterson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.39.1.343","article-title":"Beta-adrenergic receptors and receptor signaling in heart failure","volume":"39","author":"Post","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35403","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M305675200","article-title":"Protein kinase A and G protein-coupled receptor kinase phosphorylation mediates beta-1 adrenergic receptor endocytosis through different pathways","volume":"278","author":"Rapacciuolo","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1038\/415206a","article-title":"Seven-transmembrane-spanning receptors and heart function","volume":"415","author":"Rockman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19329","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202007715","article-title":"Enabling NMR studies of high molecular weight systems without the need for deuteration: the XL-ALSOFAST experiment with delayed decoupling","volume":"59","author":"R\u00f6\u00dfler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angew Chem Int Ed Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib48","article-title":"Human cells for human proteins: isotope labeling in mammalian cells for functional NMR studies of disease-relevant proteins","author":"R\u00f6\u00dfler","year":"2024","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13101552","article-title":"G Protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 selectively enhances beta-arrestin recruitment to the D(2) dopamine receptor through mechanisms that are independent of receptor phosphorylation","volume":"13","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Soto","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12559","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.22.12559","article-title":"Identification of the endophilins (SH3p4\/p8\/p13) as novel binding partners for the beta1-adrenergic receptor","volume":"96","author":"Tang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.adi4747","article-title":"Conformation- and activation-based BRET sensors differentially report on GPCR-G protein coupling","volume":"17","author":"Wright","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2010.12.034","article-title":"Crystal structure of arrestin-3 reveals the basis of the difference in receptor binding between two non-visual subtypes","volume":"406","author":"Zhan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"}],"container-title":["Molecular Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0026895X25153017?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0026895X25153017?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T01:34:09Z","timestamp":1777426449000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0026895X25153017"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0026895X25153017"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041","relation":{},"ISSN":["0026-895X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0026-895X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Isoprenaline shows unique kinase dependencies in stimulating \u03b21AR\u2013\u03b2-arrestin2 interaction compared to endogenous catecholamines","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molpha.2025.100041","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100041"}}