{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T05:18:38Z","timestamp":1791350318640,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA120205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA120205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,18]],"date-time":"2011-05-18T10:32:48Z","timestamp":1305714768000},"page":"28-36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":200,"title":["Telomere dysfunction and chromosome instability"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"730","author":[{"given":"John P.","family":"Murnane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0005","first-page":"181","article-title":"The remaking of chromosomes","volume":"13","author":"Muller","year":"1938","journal-title":"The collecting net-Woods Hole"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/26.2.234","article-title":"The stability of broken ends of chromosomes in Zea mays","volume":"41","author":"McClintock","year":"1941","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1006-1133","article-title":"Telomeres and telomerase: the path from maize, Tetrahymena and yeast to human cancer and aging","volume":"12","author":"Blackburn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.41.110306.130350","article-title":"How shelterin protects mammalian telomeres","volume":"42","author":"Palm","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02118","article-title":"A DNA damage checkpoint response in telomere-initiated senescence","volume":"426","author":"d\u2019 Adda di Fagagna","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-8935-1-6","article-title":"Both telomeric and non-telomeric DNA damage are determinants of mammalian cellular senescence","volume":"1","author":"Nakamura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epigenetics Chromatin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05245.x","article-title":"Telomere shortening associated with chromosome instability is arrested in immortal cells which express telomerase activity","volume":"11","author":"Counter","year":"1992","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4953","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06822.x","article-title":"Telomere dynamics in an immortal human cell line","volume":"13","author":"Murnane","year":"1994","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1038\/82586","article-title":"Telomere maintenance by recombination in human cells","volume":"26","author":"Dunham","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgh296","article-title":"Senescence and immortalization: role of telomeres and telomerase","volume":"26","author":"Shay","year":"2005","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2006.05.030","article-title":"Telomeres and chromosome instability","volume":"5","author":"Murnane","year":"2006","journal-title":"DNA Repair (Amst)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.neo.7900107","article-title":"The relationship between spontaneous telomere loss and chromosome instability in a human tumor cell line","volume":"2","author":"Fouladi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.neo.7900267","article-title":"DNA amplification by breakage\/fusion\/bridge cycles initiated by spontaneous telomere loss in a human cancer cell line","volume":"6","author":"Lo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-04-0194","article-title":"The loss of a single telomere can result in genomic instability involving multiple chromosomes in a human tumor cell line","volume":"3","author":"Sabatier","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1038\/35020592","article-title":"Telomere dysfunction promotes non-reciprocal translocations and epithelial cancers in mice","volume":"406","author":"Artandi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1126\/science.297.5581.565","article-title":"Connecting chromosomes, crisis, and cancer","volume":"297","author":"Maser","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(02)00770-5","article-title":"Unrepaired DNA breaks in p53-deficient cells lead to oncogenic gene amplification subsequent to translocations","volume":"109","author":"Zhu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09460","article-title":"The patterns and dynamics of genomic instability in metastatic pancreatic cancer","volume":"467","author":"Campbell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(86)90328-4","article-title":"Large inverted duplications are associated with gene amplification","volume":"45","author":"Ford","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1515","article-title":"Widespread and nonrandom distribution of DNA palindromes in cancer cells provides a structural platform for subsequent gene amplification","volume":"37","author":"Tanaka","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.7.4.605","article-title":"Sister chromatid fusion initiates amplification of the dihydrofolate reductase gene in Chinese hamster cells","volume":"7","author":"Ma","year":"1993","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-9822(93)90175-N","article-title":"The origin of chromosome rearrangements at early stages of AMPD2 gene amplification in Chinese hamster cells","volume":"3","author":"Toledo","year":"1993","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2665","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05332.x","article-title":"Co-amplified markers alternate in megabase long chromosomal inverted repeats and cluster independently in interphase nuclei at early steps of mammalian gene amplification","volume":"11","author":"Toledo","year":"1992","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2004.09.001","article-title":"When, where and how the bridge breaks: anaphase bridge breakage plays a crucial role in gene amplification and HSR generation","volume":"302","author":"Shimizu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7921","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.130194897","article-title":"Amplification of the human dihydrofolate reductase gene via double minutes is initiated by chromosome breaks","volume":"97","author":"Singer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(00)80137-9","article-title":"A new role for hypoxia in tumor progression: induction of fragile site triggering genomic rearrangements and formation of complex DMs and HSRs","volume":"2","author":"Coquelle","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.5.2.160","article-title":"A central role for chromosome breakage in gene amplification, deletion formation, and amplicon integration","volume":"5","author":"Windle","year":"1991","journal-title":"Genes Develop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15539","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0507915102","article-title":"DNA damage-induced phosphorylation of the human telomere-associated protein TRF2","volume":"102","author":"Tanaka","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0410-279","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of palindrome formation","volume":"42","author":"Diede","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.01.010","article-title":"DNA double-strand break repair: a relentless hunt uncovers new prey","volume":"124","author":"Sekiguchi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0711334105","article-title":"Alternative endings","volume":"105","author":"Haber","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.10.005","article-title":"A backup DNA repair pathway moves to the forefront","volume":"131","author":"Nussenzweig","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb0809-798","article-title":"Mre11: roles in DNA repair beyond homologous recombination","volume":"16","author":"Zha","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6170","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkl840","article-title":"PARP-1 and Ku compete for repair of DNA double strand breaks by distinct NHEJ pathways","volume":"34","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55117","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M404524200","article-title":"Involvement of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and XRCC1\/DNA ligase III in an alternative route for DNA double-strand breaks rejoining","volume":"279","author":"Audebert","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2005.11.028","article-title":"Involvement of polynucleotide kinase in a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1-dependent DNA double-strand breaks rejoining pathway","volume":"356","author":"Audebert","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3297","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkn184","article-title":"Human DNA ligases I and III, but not ligase IV, are required for microhomology-mediated end joining of DNA double-strand breaks","volume":"36","author":"Liang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4020","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-3055","article-title":"DNA ligase III as a candidate component of backup pathways of nonhomologous end joining","volume":"65","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.1641","article-title":"Role of Mre11 in chromosomal nonhomologous end joining in mammalian cells","volume":"16","author":"Rass","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.1640","article-title":"Role of mammalian Mre11 in classical and alternative nonhomologous end joining","volume":"16","author":"Xie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30565","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.059444","article-title":"Exonuclease function of human Mre11 promotes deletional nonhomologous end joining","volume":"284","author":"Zhuang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.1940","article-title":"An essential role for CtIP in chromosomal translocation formation through an alternative end-joining pathway","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000110","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000110","article-title":"Alternative-NHEJ is a mechanistically distinct pathway of mammalian chromosome break repair","volume":"4","author":"Bennardo","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.1773","article-title":"Alternative end-joining is suppressed by the canonical NHEJ component Xrcc4-ligase IV during chromosomal translocation formation","volume":"17","author":"Simsek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2008.08.007","article-title":"MMEJ repair of double-strand breaks (director's cut): deleted sequences and alternative endings","volume":"24","author":"McVey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06020","article-title":"IgH class switching and translocations use a robust non-classical end-joining pathway","volume":"449","author":"Yan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2008.05.028","article-title":"Chromosome fusions following telomere loss are mediated by single-strand annealing","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1884810","article-title":"Leaping forks at inverted repeats","volume":"24","author":"Branzei","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.06.012","article-title":"Gene amplification: yeast takes a turn","volume":"125","author":"Haber","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2601","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.01740-06","article-title":"Inverted DNA repeats channel repair of distant double-strand breaks into chromatid fusions and chromosomal rearrangements","volume":"27","author":"VanHulle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2663","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.316504","article-title":"Telomerase- and recombination-independent immortalization of budding yeast","volume":"18","author":"Maringele","year":"2004","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1315805","article-title":"A mechanism of palindromic gene amplification in Saccharomyces cerevisiae","volume":"19","author":"Rattray","year":"2005","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.6.15.4522","article-title":"Intrachromosomal gene amplification triggered by hairpin-capped breaks requires homologous recombination and is independent of nonhomologous end-joining","volume":"6","author":"Narayanan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.04.042","article-title":"The pattern of gene amplification is determined by the chromosomal location of hairpin-capped breaks","volume":"125","author":"Narayanan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2876","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1863009","article-title":"Nearby inverted repeats fuse to generate acentric and dicentric palindromic chromosomes by a replication template exchange mechanism","volume":"23","author":"Mizuno","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2861","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1862709","article-title":"Fusion of nearby inverted repeats by a replication-based mechanism leads to formation of dicentric and acentric chromosomes that cause genome instability in budding yeast","volume":"23","author":"Paek","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1194261","article-title":"Genetics. Replication error amplified","volume":"329","author":"Kaochar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-06-2437","article-title":"A model of oncogenic rearrangements: differences between chromosomal translocation mechanisms and simple double-strand break repair","volume":"107","author":"Weinstock","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2006.05.028","article-title":"Modeling oncogenic translocations: distinct roles for double-strand break repair pathways in translocation formation in mammalian cells","volume":"5","author":"Weinstock","year":"2006","journal-title":"DNA Repair (Amst)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1993","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.01313-06","article-title":"Intrastrand annealing leads to the formation of a large DNA palindrome and determines the boundaries of genomic amplification in human cancer","volume":"27","author":"Tanaka","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20902","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0708541104","article-title":"Defects in XRCC4 and KU80 differentially affect the joining of distal nonhomologous ends","volume":"104","author":"Guirouilh-Barbat","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4836","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.22.13.4836-4850.2002","article-title":"Chromosome instability as a result of double-strand breaks near telomeres in mouse embryonic stem cells","volume":"22","author":"Lo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh244","article-title":"Structure of a palindromic amplicon junction implicates microhomology-mediated end joining as a mechanism of sister chromatid fusion during gene amplification","volume":"32","author":"Okuno","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2009.05.004","article-title":"Increased sensitivity of subtelomeric regions to DNA double-strand breaks in a human tumor cell line","volume":"8","author":"Zschenker","year":"2009","journal-title":"DNA Repair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2495","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.439107","article-title":"The nature of telomere fusion and a definition of the critical telomere length in human cells","volume":"21","author":"Capper","year":"2007","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2598","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2010.142","article-title":"The function of classical and alternative non-homologous end-joining pathways in the fusion of dysfunctional telomeres","volume":"29","author":"Rai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Embo J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4255","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-4357","article-title":"Telomere loss as a mechanism for chromosomal instability in human cancer","volume":"70","author":"Murnane","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.06.020","article-title":"The terminal telomeric DNA sequence determines the mechanism of dysfunctional telomere fusion","volume":"39","author":"Stohr","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(03)00542-6","article-title":"DNA damage foci at dysfunctional telomeres","volume":"13","author":"Takai","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(02)01179-X","article-title":"DNA ligase IV-dependent NHEJ of deprotected mammalian telomeres in G1 and G2","volume":"12","author":"Smogorzewska","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3390","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2009.275","article-title":"Human RAP1 inhibits non-homologous end joining at telomeres","volume":"28","author":"Sarthy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Embo J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1038\/77139","article-title":"Cell-cycle-regulated association of RAD50\/MRE11\/NBS1 with TRF2 and human telomeres","volume":"25","author":"Zhu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08196","article-title":"Multiple roles for MRE11 at uncapped telomeres","volume":"460","author":"Deng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2230","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2010.58","article-title":"SNMIB\/Apollo protects leading-strand telomeres against NHEJ-mediated repair","volume":"29","author":"Lam","year":"2010","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.06.031","article-title":"Apollo contributes to G overhang maintenance and protects leading-end telomeres","volume":"39","author":"Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E240","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0020240","article-title":"The telomeric protein TRF2 binds the ATM kinase and can inhibit the ATM-dependent DNA damage response","volume":"2","author":"Karlseder","year":"2004","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06065","article-title":"Protection of telomeres through independent control of ATM and ATR by TRF2 and POT1","volume":"448","author":"Denchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2008.05.017","article-title":"ATM signaling facilitates repair of DNA double-strand breaks associated with heterochromatin","volume":"31","author":"Goodarzi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3975628","article-title":"On the nature of a defect in cells from individuals with ataxia-telangiectasia","volume":"227","author":"Cornforth","year":"1985","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1667\/RR3604.1","article-title":"Levels of gamma-H2AX Foci after low-dose-rate irradiation reveal a DNA DSB rejoining defect in cells from human ATM heterozygotes in two at families and in another apparently normal individual","volume":"166","author":"Kato","year":"2006","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.04.044","article-title":"Recent expansion of the telomeric complex in rodents: two distinct POT1 proteins protect mouse telomeres","volume":"126","author":"Hockemeyer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb1270","article-title":"Telomere protection by mammalian Pot1 requires interaction with Tpp1","volume":"14","author":"Hockemeyer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5180","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7601294","article-title":"POT1b protects telomeres from end-to-end chromosomal fusions and aberrant homologous recombination","volume":"25","author":"He","year":"2006","journal-title":"Embo J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.05.037","article-title":"Pot1 deficiency initiates DNA damage checkpoint activation and aberrant homologous recombination at telomeres","volume":"126","author":"Wu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1084","article-title":"Extensive allelic variation and ultrashort telomeres in senescent human cells","volume":"33","author":"Baird","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp1183","article-title":"Fusion of short telomeres in human cells is characterized by extensive deletion and microhomology, and can result in complex rearrangements","volume":"38","author":"Letsolo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-02-272104","article-title":"Telomere dysfunction and fusion during the progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: evidence for a telomere crisis","volume":"116","author":"Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.10.011","article-title":"Homologous recombination generates T-loop-sized deletions at human telomeres","volume":"119","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.100019","article-title":"Telomere-dependent and telomere-independent origins of endogenous DNA damage in tumor cells","volume":"1","author":"Nakamura","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12683","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.211357798","article-title":"Telomere dysfunction triggers extensive DNA fragmentation and evolution of complex chromosome abnormalities in human malignant tumors","volume":"98","author":"Gisselsson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3317","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-0984-03","article-title":"Telomere length abnormalities occur early in the initiation of epithelial carcinogenesis","volume":"10","author":"Meeker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Can. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.2.3.362","article-title":"Analysis of anaphase figures in routine histologic sections distinguishes chromosomally unstable from chromosomally stable malignancies","volume":"2","author":"Montgomery","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Biol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9068","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.20.23.9068-9075.2000","article-title":"Coupled homologous and nonhomologous repair of a double-strand break preserves genomic integrity in mammalian cells","volume":"20","author":"Richardson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2007.01.004","article-title":"Non-homologous end-joining for repairing I-SceI-induced DNA double strand breaks in human cells","volume":"6","author":"Honma","year":"2007","journal-title":"DNA Repair (Amst)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2004.12.011","article-title":"New mammalian cellular systems to study mutations introduced at the break site by non-homologous end-joining","volume":"4","author":"Rebuzzini","year":"2005","journal-title":"DNA Repair (Amst)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2005.05.004","article-title":"Chromosomal aberrations induced by double strand DNA breaks","volume":"4","author":"Varga","year":"2005","journal-title":"DNA Repair (Amst)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2008.04.004","article-title":"Telomerase-dependent and -independent chromosome healing in mouse embryonic stem cells","volume":"7","author":"Gao","year":"2008","journal-title":"DNA Repair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6781","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.12.6781","article-title":"Chromosome healing in mouse embryonic stem cells","volume":"96","author":"Sprung","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(03)00315-2","article-title":"Distance from the chromosome end determines the efficiency of double-strand break repair in subtelomeres of haploid yeast","volume":"328","author":"Ricchetti","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.01137-09","article-title":"The effect of telomere proximity on telomere position effect, chromosome healing and sensitivity to DNA double-strand breaks in a human tumor cell line","volume":"30","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2011.03.001","article-title":"Subtelomeric regions in mammalian cells are deficient in DNA double-strand break repair","volume":"10","author":"Miller","year":"2011","journal-title":"DNA Repair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05026.x","article-title":"Chromosome healing by de novo telomere addition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae","volume":"59","author":"Pennaneach","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0515","first-page":"505","article-title":"Healing of broken human chromosomes by the addition of telomeric repeats","volume":"55","author":"Flint","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1086\/303050","article-title":"Characterization of terminal deletions at 7q32 and 22q13.3 healed by de novo telomere addition","volume":"67","author":"Varley","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0525","first-page":"113","article-title":"Molecular characterization of a 130-kb terminal microdeletion at 22q in a child with mild mental retardation","volume":"60","author":"Wong","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1667\/RR3203","article-title":"Repair of DNA broken ends is similar in embryonic fibroblasts with and without telomerase","volume":"162","author":"Latre","year":"2004","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1038\/353454a0","article-title":"Recognition of a chromosome truncation site associated with \u03b1-thalassaimia by human telomerase","volume":"353","author":"Morin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1038\/353451a0","article-title":"Telomerase primer specificity and chromosome healing","volume":"353","author":"Harrington","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90179-1","article-title":"The Saccharomyces PIF1 DNA helicase inhibits telomere elongation and de novo telomere formation","volume":"76","author":"Schulz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb1126","article-title":"The finger subdomain of yeast telomerase cooperates with Pif1p to limit telomere elongation","volume":"13","author":"Eugster","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1985","article-title":"DNA damage signalling prevents deleterious telomere addition at DNA breaks","volume":"11","author":"Makovets","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5480.771","article-title":"Pif1p helicase, a catalytic inhibitor of telomerase in yeast","volume":"289","author":"Zhou","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.01866-06","article-title":"Murine Pif1 interacts with telomerase and is dispensable for telomere function in vivo","volume":"27","author":"Snow","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7749","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1210880","article-title":"ATM and the Mre11 complex combine to recognize and signal DNA double-strand breaks","volume":"26","author":"Lavin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000948","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000948","article-title":"Defective resection at DNA double-strand breaks leads to de novo telomere formation and enhances gene targeting","volume":"6","author":"Chung","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3256","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1210989","article-title":"Oncogene-induced replication stress preferentially targets common fragile sites in preneoplastic lesions. A genome-wide study","volume":"27","author":"Tsantoulis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008_bib0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.06.021","article-title":"Mammalian telomeres resemble fragile sites and require TRF1 for efficient replication","volume":"138","author":"Sfeir","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"}],"container-title":["Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0027510711000911?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0027510711000911?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T17:32:37Z","timestamp":1764696757000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0027510711000911"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"references-count":117,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0027510711000911"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1386-1964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1386-1964","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Telomere dysfunction and chromosome instability","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.04.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}