{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T22:48:42Z","timestamp":1789512522190,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,1]],"date-time":"2017-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,1]],"date-time":"2017-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","msard-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,16]],"date-time":"2017-08-16T02:46:05Z","timestamp":1502851565000},"page":"190-197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine levels and multiple sclerosis: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Efthimios","family":"Dardiotis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stylianos","family":"Arseniou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Sokratous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zisis","family":"Tsouris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasileios","family":"Siokas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexios-Fotios A.","family":"Mentis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amalia","family":"Michalopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athina","family":"Andravizou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Metaxia","family":"Dastamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Paterakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Bogdanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandros","family":"Brotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2007.02.090","article-title":"Coagulation status and biochemical and inflammatory markers in multiple sclerosis","volume":"15","author":"Aksungar","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurosci.: Off. J. Neurosurg. Soc. Australas."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693s","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.26947A","article-title":"How common is vitamin B-12 deficiency?","volume":"89","author":"Allen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2014.10.4.281","article-title":"Hyperhomocysteinemia and neurologic disorders: a review","volume":"10","author":"Ansari","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415031000115945","article-title":"Lipoprotein oxidation, plasma total antioxidant capacity and homocysteine level in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"6","author":"Besler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nutr. Neurosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.2217\/nmt-2015-0008","article-title":"The relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia and neurodegeneration","volume":"6","author":"Bonetti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurodegener. Dis. Manag."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials","volume":"7","author":"DerSimonian","year":"1986","journal-title":"Control. Clin. Trials"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.106.107185","article-title":"A reversible S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase inhibitor ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inhibiting T cell activation","volume":"319","author":"Fu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"issue":"7414","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-5-13","article-title":"Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample","volume":"5","author":"Hozo","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2013.07.002","article-title":"Plasma homocysteine levels in patients with multiple sclerosis in the Greek population","volume":"76","author":"Kararizou","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Chin. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.01.022","article-title":"The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and the various related demyelinating syndromes: a critical review","volume":"48\u201349","author":"Karussis","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M200050-MCP200","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis: an important role for post-translational modifications of myelin basic protein in pathogenesis","volume":"2","author":"Kim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Proteom."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.33.82","article-title":"Vitamin B12 metabolism and massive-dose methyl vitamin B12 therapy in Japanese patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"33","author":"Kira","year":"1994","journal-title":"Intern. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2008.05.015","article-title":"Serum vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine levels and their association with clinical and electrophysiological parameters in multiple sclerosis","volume":"16","author":"Kocer","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurosci.: Off. J. Neurosurg. Soc. Australas."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2700","article-title":"The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate healthcare interventions: explanation and elaboration","volume":"339","author":"Liberati","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. Med. J. (Clinical Res. Ed.)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.020230","article-title":"Vitamin B-12 and homocysteine status in a folate-replete population: results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey","volume":"94","author":"MacFarlane","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib17","first-page":"719","article-title":"Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease","volume":"22","author":"Mantel","year":"1959","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(03)00032-8","article-title":"Folate and homocysteine metabolism in neural plasticity and neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"26","author":"Mattson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2013.05.007","article-title":"Homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folate levels in Iranian patients with multiple sclerosis: a case control study","volume":"115","author":"Moghaddasi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib20","first-page":"286","article-title":"Vitamin B(12) deficiency and multiple sclerosis; is there any association?","volume":"3","author":"Najafi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Prev. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.53.11.951","article-title":"Vitamin B12 and folate concentrations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of neurological patients with special reference to multiple sclerosis and dementia","volume":"53","author":"Nijst","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Neurol., Neurosurg., Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2007.356","article-title":"The role of hyperhomocysteinemia and B-vitamin deficiency in neurological and psychiatric diseases","volume":"45","author":"Obeid","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Chem. Lab. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2005.072199","article-title":"Plasma homocysteine levels in multiple sclerosis","volume":"77","author":"Ramsaransing","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurol., Neurosurg., Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(92)90137-A","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis and vitamin B12 metabolism","volume":"40","author":"Reynolds","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-007-0668-7","article-title":"Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis","volume":"255","author":"Russo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-9-19","article-title":"Blood lipids, homocysteine, stress factors, and vitamins in clinically stable multiple sclerosis patients","volume":"9","author":"Salemi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.3945\/an.112.002758","article-title":"Homocysteine imbalance: a pathological metabolic marker","volume":"3","author":"Schalinske","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2016.00246","article-title":"GluN2A subunit-containing NMDA receptors are the preferential neuronal targets of homocysteine","volume":"10","author":"Sibarov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0169934","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169934","article-title":"The role of TOR1A polymorphisms in dystonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Siokas","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.151555","article-title":"Serum homocysteine levels in relation to clinical progression in multiple sclerosis","volume":"79","author":"Teunissen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurol., Neurosurg., Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-859X-7-17","article-title":"Increased plasma homocysteine levels in patients with multiple sclerosis and depression","volume":"7","author":"Triantafyllou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. General. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458503ms918oa","article-title":"Increased plasma homocysteine levels without signs of vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with multiple sclerosis assessed by blood and cerebrospinal fluid homocysteine and methylmalonic acid","volume":"9","author":"Vrethem","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2010.12.022","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the relationship between homocysteine, vitamin B(1)(2), folate, and multiple sclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Zhu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurosci.: Off. J. Neurosurg. Soc. Australas."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-012-6464-z","article-title":"Elevated plasma homocysteine levels in patients with multiple sclerosis are associated with male gender","volume":"259","author":"Zoccolella","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurol."}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034817301876?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034817301876?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T08:40:22Z","timestamp":1761900022000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211034817301876"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["S2211034817301876"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-0348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-0348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine levels and multiple sclerosis: A meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}