{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T13:00:43Z","timestamp":1791896443550,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","msard-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,14]],"date-time":"2017-10-14T00:45:45Z","timestamp":1507941945000},"page":"213-217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as disease actvity marker in multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"AK","family":"Bisgaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Pihl-Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JL.","family":"Frederiksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib1","first-page":"213","article-title":"Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in inflammatory bowel disease - as a new predictor of disease severity","volume":"116","author":"Acarturk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bratisl. Lek. Listy"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1586\/14779072.2016.1154788","article-title":"Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and cardiovascular diseases: an update","volume":"14","author":"Afari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Cardiovasc. Ther."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib3","first-page":"423","article-title":"The increase of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and neutrophil\/lymphocyte ratio in Parkinson's disease","volume":"36","author":"Akil","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci. J. Ital. Neurol. Soc. Ital. Soc. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"issue":"9648","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61620-7","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis","volume":"372","author":"Compston","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/00207454.2015.1050492","article-title":"The clinical significance of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in multiple sclerosis","volume":"12","author":"Demirci","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2015.47","article-title":"Exacerbation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in ceramide synthase 6 knockout mice is associated with enhanced activation\/migration of neutrophils","volume":"93","author":"Eberle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib7","first-page":"269","article-title":"Neutrophil- and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios are correlated with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"61","author":"Fu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Lab."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.55.5772","article-title":"The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio Is related to disease severity and exacerbation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"55","author":"Furutate","year":"2016","journal-title":"Intern. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150170158","article-title":"Serum inflammatory markers and clinical\/MRI markers of disease progression in multiple sclerosis","volume":"248","author":"Giovannoni","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib10","article-title":"Afferent visual pathways in multiple sclerosis: a review","author":"Graham","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758687","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/758687","article-title":"Elevated neutrophil lymphocyte ratio in recurrent optic neuritis","volume":"2015","author":"Guclu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2015.08.010","article-title":"Is there an association between the Expanded Disability Status Scale and inflammatory markers in multiple sclerosis?","volume":"79","author":"Guzel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Chin. Med. Assoc. JCMA"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2014.08.022","article-title":"Red blood cell distribution width and neutrophil\/lymphocyte ratio are positively correlated with disease activity in primary Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"47","author":"Hu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3109\/08916934.2015.1030615","article-title":"Promotion of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis upon neutrophil granulocytes' stimulation with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) peptide","volume":"48","author":"Kilic","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000136645","article-title":"Historical and clinical perspectives of the expanded disability status scale","volume":"31","author":"Kurtzke","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-013-1079-9","article-title":"Is MS an inflammatory or primary degenerative disease?","volume":"120","author":"Losy","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neural Transm."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6421","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.11.6421","article-title":"Treatment with anti-granulocyte antibodies inhibits the effector phase of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"161","author":"McColl","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Balt."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib18","article-title":"The association Between neutrophil\/lymphocyte ratio and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis","author":"Mercan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Lab. Anal."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70274-5","article-title":"Clinically isolated syndromes","volume":"11","author":"Miller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol. Febr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.50.5.511","article-title":"A double-blind controlled trial of high dose methylprednisolone in patients with multiple sclerosis: 1. Clinical effects","volume":"50","author":"Milligan","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2011.11.009","article-title":"Neutrophils in multiple sclerosis are characterized by a primed phenotype","volume":"242","author":"Naegele","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22366","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 revisions to the McDonald criteria","volume":"69","author":"Polman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20141015","article-title":"Neutrophil-related factors as biomarkers in EAE and MS","volume":"212","author":"Rumble","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3386","article-title":"Circadian control of the immune system","volume":"13","author":"Scheiermann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.3109\/00365513.2015.1080385","article-title":"Diurnal changes of biochemical metabolic markers in healthy young males - the Bispebjerg study of diurnal variations","volume":"75","author":"Sennels","year":"2015","journal-title":"Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.3.473","article-title":"Optic neuritis as onset manifestation of multiple sclerosis: a nationwide, long-term survey","volume":"53","author":"Sorensen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4531","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202613","article-title":"Neutrophils amplify autoimmune central nervous system infiltrates by maturing local APCs","volume":"191","author":"Steinbach","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Balt."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1080\/09629359890857","article-title":"The immunoregulatory abilities of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in the course of multiple sclerosis","volume":"7","author":"Ziaber","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034817302663?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034817302663?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T08:40:06Z","timestamp":1761900006000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211034817302663"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"references-count":28,"alternative-id":["S2211034817302663"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-0348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-0348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as disease actvity marker in multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2017.10.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}