{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:50:04Z","timestamp":1790761804613,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017478","name":"FLENI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","msard-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]],"date-time":"2022-01-03T19:00:50Z","timestamp":1641236450000},"page":"103484","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The central vein sign is present in most infratentorial multiple sclerosis plaques"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s","family":"Gait\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Emilia","family":"Paday Formenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismael","family":"Calandri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda C\u00e9lica","family":"Ysrraelit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulina","family":"Ya\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Correale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(75)90138-0","article-title":"The onset and progression of the lesion in multiple sclerosis","volume":"25","author":"Adams","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-017-4822-z","article-title":"FLAIR* to visualize veins in white matter lesions: a new tool for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis?","volume":"27","author":"Campion","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1183","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005256","article-title":"Value of the central vein sign at 3T to differentiate MS from seropositive NMOSD","volume":"90","author":"Cortese","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2011.09.023","article-title":"Optimisation of T2*-weighted MRI for the detection of small veins in multiple sclerosis at 3 T and 7 T","volume":"82","author":"Dixon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz144","article-title":"Assessment of lesions on magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis: practical guidelines","volume":"142","author":"Filippi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A6437","article-title":"SWAN-venule: an optimized MRI technique to detect the central vein sign in MS Plaques","volume":"41","author":"Gait\u00e1n","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Neuroradiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-013-3080-y","article-title":"Improved differentiation between MS and vascular brain lesions using FLAIR* at 7 Tesla","volume":"24","author":"Kilsdonk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25146","article-title":"Central vein sign differentiates Multiple Sclerosis from central nervous system inflammatory vasculopathies","volume":"83","author":"Maggi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1032","article-title":"Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis","volume":"50","author":"McDonald","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.61.2.217","article-title":"Infratentorial Lesions Predict Long-term Disability in Patients with Initial Findings Suggestive of Multiple Sclerosis","volume":"61","author":"Minneboo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.02.012","article-title":"The role of the cerebellum in multiple sclerosis\u2014150 years after Charcot","volume":"89","author":"Parmar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.13132142","article-title":"Relationship between damage to the cerebellar peduncles and clinical disability in multiple sclerosis","volume":"271","author":"Preziosa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2016.166","article-title":"The central vein sign and its clinical evaluation for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: a consensus statement from the North American Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis Cooperative","volume":"12","author":"Sati","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.273","article-title":"Central vessel sign\u2019 on 3T FLAIR* MRI for the differentiation of multiple sclerosis from migraine","volume":"3","author":"Solomon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Transl. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1446","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.2478","article-title":"Evaluation of the Central Vein Sign as a Diagnostic Imaging Biomarker in Multiple Sclerosis","volume":"76","author":"Sinnecker","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30470-2","article-title":"Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria","volume":"17","author":"Thompson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2076","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000313377.49555.2e","article-title":"Demonstrating the perivascular distribution of ms lesions in vivo with 7-tesla MRI","volume":"70","author":"Tallantyre","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0b013e3181b4c144","article-title":"A comparison of 3T and 7T in the detection of small parenchymal veins within MS lesions","volume":"44","author":"Tallantyre","year":"2009","journal-title":"Invest. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2018.05.017","article-title":"Comparing lesion detection of infratentorial multiple sclerosis lesions between T2-weighted spin-echo, 2D-FLAIR, and 3D-FLAIR sequences","volume":"51","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2020.102409","article-title":"Investigation of the \u201ccentral vein sign\u201d in infratentorial multiple sclerosis lesions","volume":"45","author":"Weber","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512441270","article-title":"Lesion morphology at 7 Tesla MRI differentiates Susac syndrome from multiple sclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Wuerfel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. J."}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034821007501?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034821007501?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T09:01:30Z","timestamp":1761901290000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211034821007501"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["S2211034821007501"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-0348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-0348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The central vein sign is present in most infratentorial multiple sclerosis plaques","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103484","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103484"}}