{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:41:29Z","timestamp":1790800889899,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004326","name":"Bayer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004326","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003243","name":"Ministerstvo Zdravotnictv\u00ed Cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NU22-A-121"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NU22-A-121"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003243","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003243","name":"Ministerstvo Zdravotnictv\u00ed Cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RVO-VFN 64,165"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RVO-VFN 64,165"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003243","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006259","name":"Teva Pharmaceutical Industries","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006259","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004334","name":"Merck","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004334","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013995","name":"Sanofi Genzyme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013995","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004336","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015756","name":"Cilag","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015756","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004337","name":"Roche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004337","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LX22NPO5107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LX22NPO5107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001823","name":"Ministry of Education Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001823","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005614","name":"Biogen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005614","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004339","name":"Sanofi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","msard-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]],"date-time":"2022-07-02T19:48:39Z","timestamp":1656791319000},"page":"104014","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"special_numbering":"C","title":["To be or not to be vaccinated: The risk of MS or NMOSD relapse after COVID-19 vaccination and infection"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Dominika","family":"Stastna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Menkyova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiri","family":"Drahota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tereza","family":"Hrnciarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Kubala Havrdova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Vachova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michaela","family":"Andelova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavlina","family":"Kleinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Kovarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Krasulova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana Lizrova","family":"Preiningerova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iveta","family":"Novakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klara","family":"Novotna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Novotna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Nytrova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Pavlickova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbora","family":"Srpova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katerina","family":"Storey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronika","family":"Ticha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michaela","family":"Tyblova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Uher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karolina","family":"Vodehnalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1915-0036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dana","family":"Horakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585211003476","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis: what we have learnt by February 2021","volume":"27","author":"Achiron","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nerep.2022.100083","article-title":"Guillain-Barre syndrome following COVID-19 vaccination: a case report and an updated review","volume":"2","author":"Aly","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroimmunol. Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2035389","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine","volume":"384","author":"Baden","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0004","article-title":"COVID-19 susceptibility and outcomes among patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD): a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Barzegar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.102947","article-title":"Can coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) trigger exacerbation of multiple sclerosis? A retrospective study","volume":"52","author":"Barzegar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0006","article-title":"Vaccination in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: friend or enemy?","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200102013440501","article-title":"Vaccinations and the risk of relapse in multiple sclerosis. Vaccines in Multiple Sclerosis Study Group","volume":"344","author":"Confavreux","year":"2001","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000233834.09743.3b","article-title":"The risk of relapses in multiple sclerosis during systemic infections","volume":"67","author":"Correale","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0009","article-title":"2021. mRNA COVID-19 vaccines do not increase the short-term risk of clinical relapses in multiple sclerosis","author":"di Filippo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurology, Neurosurg Psychiatry jnnp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0010","article-title":"Risk of disease relapse following COVID-19 vaccination in patients with AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD and MOGAD","author":"Dinoto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.102915","article-title":"COVID-19 and the risk of relapse in multiple sclerosis patients: a fight with no bystander effect?","volume":"51","author":"Etemadifar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0012","article-title":"New relapse of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica as a potential adverse event of AstraZeneca AZD1222 vaccination for COVID-19","author":"Fragoso","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0013","unstructured":"Horakova, D., 2021. Doporu\u010den\u00ed V\u00fdboru Sekce klinick\u00e9 neuroimunologie a likvorologie \u010cNS \u010cLS JEP [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/www.czech-neuro.cz\/content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/2021_3_6-dh-doporuceni-update.pdf (accessed 1.22.22)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2019.08.003","article-title":"Initiation of first disease-modifying treatment for multiple sclerosis patients in the Czech republic from 2013 to 2016: data from the national registry ReMuS","volume":"35","author":"Horakova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0015","article-title":"COVID-19 and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders","author":"Jovicevic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2636","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.820723","article-title":"Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome and variants following COVID-19 vaccination: report of 13 Cases","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2011.04.004","article-title":"H1N1 and seasonal influenza vaccine safety in the Vaccine Safety datalink Project","volume":"41","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2022.102830","article-title":"Autoimmune conditions following mRNA (BNT162b2) and inactivated (CoronaVac) COVID-19 vaccination: a descriptive cohort study among 1.1 million vaccinated people in Hong Kong","volume":"130","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103189","article-title":"Patient-reported safety and tolerability of the COVID-19 vaccines in persons with rare neuroimmunological diseases","volume":"55","author":"Lotan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3742","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15028","article-title":"Safety of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine in multiple sclerosis (MS): early experience from a tertiary MS center in Israel","volume":"28","author":"Lotan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2020.102522","article-title":"Risk of relapse in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: recognition and preventive strategy","volume":"46","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0022","first-page":"1663","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccines: comparison of biological, pharmacological characteristics and adverse effects of Pfizer\/BioNTech and Moderna Vaccines","volume":"25","author":"Meo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-3681-2_2","article-title":"The immune system and its dysregulation with aging","volume":"91","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Subcell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2603","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2034577","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine","volume":"383","author":"Polack","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0027","first-page":"1","article-title":"Determinants of COVID-19-related lethality in multiple sclerosis: a meta-regression of observational studies","author":"Prosperini","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2018.08.005","article-title":"Aging and the immune system: an overview","volume":"463","author":"Sadighi Akha","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2101544","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of single-dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine against Covid-19","volume":"384","author":"Sadoff","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103104","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and COVID-19: a pandemic year in Czechia","volume":"54","author":"Stastna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000979","article-title":"Evolution of brain volume loss rates in early stages of multiple sclerosis","volume":"8","author":"Uher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurol. - Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32661-1","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK","volume":"397","author":"Voysey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet North Am. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014_bib0034","article-title":"Immune-mediated disease flares or new-onset disease in 27 subjects following mRNA\/DNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination","volume":"9","author":"Watad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.104549","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000}}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034822005235?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034822005235?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T09:00:52Z","timestamp":1761901252000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211034822005235"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["S2211034822005235"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-0348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-0348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"To be or not to be vaccinated: The risk of MS or NMOSD relapse after COVID-19 vaccination and infection","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104014"}}